PENGANTAR TEKNIK

LINGKUNGAN

PENGELOLAAN KUALITAS AIR:

¤ Sumberdaya air
¤ Pencemaran dan kualitas air
¤ Air tanah
¤ Pengolahan Air Bersih dan Buangan
Oleh: Winny Laura C. Hutagalung
18/11/2015
 PENCEMARAN AIR

• Air yang dapat tercemar:

• Air permukaan
• Air sungai
• Air danau
 OXYGEN-DEMANDING WASTES

• Oxygen-demanding wastes are substances that

oxidize in the receiving body of water, reducing the
amount of DO available.

• Oxygen-demanding wastes are usually

biodegradable organic substances contained in
municipal wastewaters or in effluents from certain
industries, such as food processing and paper
production
• COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand , is the chemical
oxygen demand, is the amount of oxygen needed
to chemically oxidize the waste

• BOD, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, is the amount

of oxygen require by microorganisms to biologically
degrade the waste
 PATOGEN

• Pathogens are disease-producing organisms that

grow and multiply within the host

• Example of pathogen:
• Bacteria  cholera, bacillary dysentery, typhoid,
paratyphoid fever
• Viruses  infectious hepatitis, poliomyelitis
• Protozoa  amebic dysentery, giardiasis
• Helminths or parasitic worms  schistosomiasis and
dracontiasis (guinea worm)
 CONTAMINATED WATER

• Contaminated water caused by poor sanitation

can lead to both waterborne and water-contact
diseases

• Waterborne diseases are those acquired by

ingestion of pathogens not only in drinking water,
but also from water that makes it into a person’s
mouth from washing food, utensils, and hands.

• Water-contact diseases do not even require that

individuals ingest the water.
 NUTRIENTS

• Nutrients are chemicals, such as nitrogen,

phosporus, carbon, sulfur, calcium, potassium, iron,
manganese, boron and cobalt, that are essentials
to growth of living things.

• Carbon is usually available from a number of

natural sources including alkalinity, dissolved
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and decaying
organic matter.

• The process of nutrient enrichment, called

eutrophication
ALGAE BLOOM

Sumber: pixabay.com
 HEAVY METALS

• The list of toxic metals:

• Aluminum
• Arsenic
• Beryllium
• Bismuth
• Cadmium
• Chromium
• Cobalt
• Copper
• Iron
• Manganese
• Mercury
 PESTICIDES

• Pesticides is used to cover a range of chemicals

that kill organisms that humans consider undesirable
and includes the more specific categories of
insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides and fungicides
GROUNDWATER

• Unsaturated zone
• Vadose water
• Saturated zone
• Groundwater
 • Elevation head, is
the vertical
distance from
some reference
datum plane
(usually taken to
be sea level) and
the bottom of the
well.
• Pressure head, is
the distance from
the bottom of the
well to the water
level in the well.

• Hydraulic Gradient = change

in head/horizontal head= h/L
QUESTION
WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

• Masters G.M. 1991. Introduction to Environmental

Engineering and Science. Prentice Hall
International Editions
TERIMA KASIH