By:

EMMA LOU Z. REGALADO

 1. forms opinions based on facts;
 2. presents ideas convincingly;
 3. uses the appropriate language for a specific
discipline;
 4. raises legitimate, contrary views in an
appropriate manner;
 5. uses appropriate critical approaches in
writing a critique such as formalism, feminism,
etc.
 6. applies the principles of writing effective
reviews and critiques;
 7. writes an objective/balanced review or
critique of a work of art, an event or a program.
C:\Users\Emmalou\Documents\Zero.mp4
 1. What was the film about?
Answer it in 3 sentences.
 2. Did you like the film? Why or
why not?
 3. Which part of the film did you
like best? Why? Which part did you
not like?
1. FORMALISM
 Claims that literary works contain
intrinsic properties and treats each work
as a distinct work of art. In short, it
posits that the key to understanding a
text is through the text itself.
 Relationship of the form and the content
 Use of imagery to develop the symbols
 Paradox, ambiguity, and irony in the
work
 Read a sample formalist
critique of Dead Stars, a
classic Filipino short story by
Paz Marquez Benitez
The title of the work already gives an idea as to what it means. In
physics, it is stated that the light and energy of the stars have to travel
light each years to reach us. Since they are millions of miles away and
light has to travel this large distance, it is highly possible that the star has
already exploded while its light is traveling towards us. Therefore it is
possible that a bright light we see at night actually comes from a dead
star. In the story, this metaphor is used to refer to Alfredo’s love for Julia,
a woman he meets and falls for one fateful summer. Not only is the title
an indicator of what is to come, even the fate of the characters in the
story can already be seen through their names. Alfredo’s name means
counsellor of elves in Spanish and suggests someone who is wise. In the
story, it is indicated that Alfredo is a lawyer, a person who counsels. Still,
his name denotes a certain irony; despite his supposed wisdom, Alfredo’s
actions, especially his covert courtship with Julia while being engaged to
another, are anything but sensible. Julia’s name, on the other hand,
refers to someone who is youthful, which is how Alfredo sees her for
eight years until he is confronted by reality.
2. FEMINIST CRITICISM
It focuses on how literature presents women
as subjects of socio-political, psychological,
and economic oppression.
 How culture determines gender
 How gender equality ( or lack of it) is
presented in the text
 How gender issues are presented in literary
works and other aspects of human
production and daily life
 How women are socially, politically,
psychologically, and economically
oppressed by patriarchy
 How patriarchal ideology is an
overpowering presence
The story is a study of power imbalance brought about by gender. In
the beginning, Dead Stars already clearly illustrates the gender roles
ingrained in Filipino society: Don Julian and the judge are portrayed as
the male leaders of the household, taking up lofty professions such as
business and law while the women are portrayed accomplishing
domestic tasks such as tending to children and preparing food. The
most note-worthy display of imbalance in power, however, lies on the
central theme of Alfredo’s love for Julia as simply a dead star. Eight
years after their forbidden love and after getting married to another
woman, Alfredo still holds Julia as an object of affection, thus creating
a distance between him and his wife, Esperanza. In their relationship
as a wedded couple, the power lives in Alfredo, not only because
patriarchal society designates him as the head of the household, but
also because he remains unreachable ti his wife by harbouring feelings
for another woman. Moreover, the realization that his love for Julia is
simply a dead star is brought about by his treatment of Julia as simply
as illusion and an object of affection, and not as a woman. This gender
imbalance leads to a tragic epiphany for the characters, but is also a
reflection of how men are viewed to dominate not only in the
household but also in their relationship with women.
 3. READER RESPONSE CRITICISM is concerned
with the reviewer’s reaction as an
audience of a work. This approach claims
that the reader’s role cannot be
separated from the understanding of the
work; a text does not have meaning until
the reader reads it and interprets it.
 Interaction between the reader and the
text in creating meaning
 The impact of reader’s delivery of
sounds and visuals on enhancing and
changing meaning
Despite being limited in length, Dead Stars manages to evoke
various feelings which ultimately build up ending. While Alfredo is
the center of the story, as a woman reader it is hard not to feel
greatly for Esperanza. Esperanza can only be seen through the
perspective of Alfredo. This does a disservice to her, as we can only
know her through description of someone who does not love her
anymore. Still, it is also through Alfredo’s descriptions and his
unfaithfulness that Esperanza gains sympathy from the reader.
During all the moments when Alfredo and Julia are together, the
thought of Esperanza looms in the background- does she know?
How will she react? What will happen now? The sympathy only
increases when they get married, for it is clear that Alfredo is
detached from her and still harbouring feelings for Julia. While the
end certainly evokes a feeling from her and still harbouring feelings
for Julia. While the end certainly evokes a feeling of loss at Alfredo’s
epiphany, it is the feeling of betrayal for Esperanza that stays.
 4. MARXIST CRITICISM is concerned with
differences between economic classes and
implications of a capitalist system, such as
the continuing conflicts between the working
class and the elite. Hence, it attempts to
reveal that the ultimate source of people’s
experience is the socioeconomic system.
 Social class as represented in the work
 Social class of the writer/ creator
 Social class of the characters
 Conflicts and interactions between economic
classes.
 The imbalanced societal power play is evident in the
story in the form of the treatment of the characters
based on their class. This is most easily evident in the
conversation between Alfredo and his fiancée,
Esperanza, about Calixta, their note- carrier who grew
up in the latter’s family. The scene depicts a
parallelism in the circumstance of Alfredo and his new
love, Julia, and Calixta and her live-in partner.
However, while no one blatantly frowns upon the
budding relationship between Alfredo and Julia, except
for some whispered rumors that reach Esperanza,
Calixta is dubbed “ungrateful” to her master for doing
such act. Alfredo does not have to answer to anyone
for his unfaithfulness, but Calixta is responsible not
only for what her family might think, but also for the
members of her master’s family. Despite the same
circumstances, the two people are regarded differently
based on their positions in life.
 1.
INTRODUCTION (around 5% of
the paper)

 Titleof the book/ article/ work

 Writer’s name
 Thesis statement
 2.
SUMMARY (around 10% of the
paper)

 Objective or purpose
 Methods used ( if applicable)
 Major findings, claims, ideas, or
messages
2. REVIEW/ CRITIQUE( in no particular
order and around 75% of the paper)
 Appropriateness of methodology to
support the arguments (for books and
articles) or appropriateness of mode of
presentation (other works)
 Theoretical soundness, coherence of
ideas
 Sufficiency and soundness of explanation
in relation to other available information
and experts
 Other perspectives in explaining the
concepts and ideas
 3. CONCLUSION (around 10% of the
paper)

 Overall impression of the work

 Scholarly or literary value of the
reviewed article, book, or work
 Benefits for the intended audience or
field
 Suggestion for future direction of
research
 For other types of reviews, there is no
prescribed structure, but the following
sections are almost always present.

 1. INTRODUCTION
 Basic details about the material, such as
its title, director or artist, name of exhibition/
event and the like
 Main assessment of the material (for films
and performances)
 2.PLOT SUMMARY/ DESCRIPTION

 Gist
of the plot
 Simple description of the
artwork
 3. ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION

 Discussion and analysis of the work( you may

apply critical work here)
 It is best to ask the following questions
during this part:
 What aspects of the work make you
think it is a success or failure?
 Were there unanswered questions or
plot lines? If yes, how did they affect
the story?
 Does the work remind you of other
things you have experienced through
analogies, metaphors, or figurative
devices? How does this contribute to
the meaning?
 4. CONCLUSION/ EVALUATION

Reinforcement of main statement

 Comparison to similar work
 Recommendation of the material (if
you liked)
1. For ARTICLES or JOURNALS
 a. Read, view, or listen to the work to
be reviewed carefully to get the main
topic or the concepts presented. Then
revisit the work to further identify its
arguments or message.
 b. Relate the content of the work to
what you already know about the
topic. This will make you more
engaged in the article or book

 c. Focus on discussing how the book

treats the topic and not the topic
itself. Use phrases such as this book/
work presents and the author argues.
 d. Situate your review. This means
that your analysis should be anchored
on the theories presented by the
writer or creator.

 e. Report this type of analysis or

mode of presentation the writer/
creator used and how this type of
analysis supports the arguments and
claims.
 f. Examine whether the findings are
adequately supported and how the
connections between ideas affect the
conclusions and findings.

 g. Suggest points for the improvement

of the reasoning, explanation,
presentation of ideas, as well as
alternative methods and processes of
reasoning.
 h. Compare the writer’s or creator’s
explanation of the topic to that of another
expert from the same field of study.
 i. Point out other conclusions or
interpretations that the writer/ creator missed
out. Present other ideas that need to be
examined.
 j. Show your agreement with the writer’s or
creator’s ideas and present an explanation for
this agreement
 a. When critiquing artworks or
posters, make sure to use speculative
verbs such as evoke, create, appear,
and suggest to show that your
interpretation of the artist’s work is
just that – an interpretation.
 b. Presume that the reader has not yet
seen the material you are reviewing, so
make sure to describe it to them. For
reviews of films or plays, make sure not
to spoil key events unless they figure in
your review, in which case always add a
disclaimer.

 c. For artworks, describe the material in

simple terms to help your audience
visualize it; refrain from being vague or
abstract.
3. On a general note, reaction paper’s
conclusion may focus on the following ideas.
 a. Did the work hold your interest?
 b. Did the work annoy or excite you?
 c. Did the work prompt you to raise
questions to the author?
 d. Did the work lead you to some
realizations?
 e. Did the work remind you to other
materials that you have read, viewed or
listened to in the past?
 ..\Documents\New Action Movies 2018 Jupiter Ascending Hollywood
Adventure Full Movies HD.mp4