MEDIA

-ARE THE COMMUNICATION OUTLETS OR

TOOLS USED TO STORE AND DELIVER
INFORMATION OR DATA.THE TERM REFERS TO
COMPONENTS OF THE MASS MEDIA
COMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY, SUCH AS PRINT
MEDIA, PUBLISHING, THE NEWS MEDIA,
PHOTOGRAPHY, CINEMA, BROADCASTING
(RADIO AND TELEVISION), AND
ADVERTISING.
Media literacy
- involves the ability to access,
analyze, evaluate, and create media.

- is actually not a new phenomenon.

Starting with the invention of the
printing press in the 1400s, media has
developed as a form of communication
beyond the interpersonal. Newspapers and
magazines were a media force in the
Industrial Era.
 INFORMATION
-Information relates also to knowledge, as
knowledge signifies understanding of an
abstract or concrete concept.
-Information can be encoded into various forms
for transmission and interpretation (for
example, information may be encoded into a
sequence of signs, or transmitted via a signal)
INFORMATION LITERACY
-the hyper ability to know
when there is a need for
information, to be able to
identify, locate, evaluate,
and effectively use that
information for the issue or
problem at hand.
TECHNOLOGY
-("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη,
techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand";
and -λογία, -logia[2]) is the sum of
techniques, skills, methods, and
processes used in the production of goods
or services or in the accomplishment of
objectives, such as scientific
investigation.
TECHNOLOGY LITERACY
-is the ability to use, manage,
understand, and assess technology.
-is related to digital literacy in that
when an individual is proficient in using
computers and other digital devices to
access the Internet, digital literacy
gives them the ability to use the
Internet to discover, review, evaluate,
create, and use information via various
digital platforms, such as web browsers,
databases, online journals, magazines,
newspapers, blogs, and social media sites
COMMUNICATION
- (from Latin communicare,
meaning "to share") is the
act of conveying meanings
from one entity or group to
another through the use of
mutually understood signs,
symbols, and semiotic rules
 Nonverbal
communication
-describes the processes of
conveying a type of
information in a form of non-
linguistic representations.
Examples of nonverbal
communication include
haptic communication,
chronemic communication,
gestures, body language,
facial expressions, eye
contact etc.
 Verbal communication
-is the spoken or written
conveyance of a
message. Human
language can be defined
as a system of symbols
(sometimes known as
lexemes) and the
grammars (rules) by
which the symbols are
manipulated.
GRAPEVINE
- is an unorganized and unofficial channel of
communication in an organization.

-IS AN INFORMAL INTERPERSONAL CHANNEL OF

INFORMATION NOT OFFICIALLY SANCTIONED BY THE
ORGANIZATION.

-s an informal, unofficial and personal

communication channel or system that takes place
within the organization as a result of rumor and
gossip. It is a complex web of oral information
flow linking all the members of the
organization.
Grapevine Communication or Informal
communication

-If communication is done without

maintaining the formalities prescribed by
the organization.

TYPES OF GRAPEVINE
-WHEEL
-CLUSTER
-CHAIN
-FREE FLOW
WHEEL
- he transmits information
to different persons or
groups. He is at the center
and various lines of
communication become the
spokes of the wheel.
CLUSTER
-it has several groups of people linked
together by a cluster or chain of
communication.

-a person tells the information to the

selected persons who may in turn relay
(pass) the information to other selected
persons. Most of the information
communication follows this chain.
CHAIN
- It is the most common pattern in which
information passes through a series of
people linked together on the
organization.

-The single strand chain involves the

passing of information through a line of
persons to the ultimate recipient. In the
figure, the person A tells B, who tells
C, who tells D, and so on, till the
information has reached most of the
persons involved or concerned
FREE FLOW
-most rumors or idle gossip
spread through a haphazard
network, which includes a
number of people who are not
necessarily linked by any
organizational thread.
 how communication is affected
by media and information?
 But nowadays, due to Social Media, Internet and
communication options (WhatsApp, Telegram…)
provided by technology (and also the fact that everybody
has a camera in the pocket), media is not anymore who
rules the communication market, but another actor. So,
people is not still under the (only) influence of media, but
under the influence of multiple ‘medias’ such as
Facebook or Twitter, in which people, media, companies,
governments and other actors are acting as media use to
act. Nowadays everyone can be ‘media’, not just media.
And as people is still using media (now, ‘medias’) to know
news about real facts… maybe they are affected by
media as usual, but now there are more ‘medias’ than
before.