AMERICAN

COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
MANILA 1901
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD

began with the outbreak of the Spanish–

American War in April 1898, when the
Philippines was still part of the Spanish East
Indies, and concluded when the United
States formally recognised the independence
of the Republic of the Philippines on July 4,
1946.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Following the passage of the Philippine Independence
Act in 1934, a Philippine presidential election was
held in 1935. Manuel L. Quezon was elected and
inaugurated second President of the Philippines on
November 15, 1935. The Insular Government was
dissolved and the Commonwealth of the
Philippines was brought into existence. The
Commonwealth of the Philippines was intended to
be a transitional government in preparation for the
country's full achievement of independence in 1946.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
With the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December
10, 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United
States. The interim U.S. military government of the
Philippine Islands experienced a period of great
political turbulence, characterised by the Philippine–
American War. Beginning in 1901, the military
government was replaced by a civilian government—
the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands—
with William Howard Taft serving as its
first Governor-General. From 1901 to 1906 there also
existed a series of revolutionary governments that
lacked significant international diplomatic
recognition.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
The peace movements started as early 1900.
Many Filipinos started writing again and the
nationalism of the people remained
undaunted.

Filipinos writers went into all forms of literature

like news, reporting, poetry, stories, plays,
essays and novels. Their writings clearly
depicted their love of country and their
longing for independence.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
The arousal in the field of literature started to be
felt in the following newspapers.

El Nuevo Dia (The New Day) Established by

Sergio Osmeña in 1900. The American censors
twice banned this and threatened Osmeña
with banishment because of his nationalistic
writings.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
El GritoDel Pueblo (The Call Of Nation)
Established by Pascual Poblete in 1900.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
El Renacimiento (The Rebirth) founded by
Rafael Palma (1901)
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD

There were 3 groups of Filipino writers

contributed the the Philippine Literature
during the American Colonial Period

• Filipino Writers in SPANISH

• Filipino Writers in TAGALOG
• Filipino Writers in ENGLISH
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
• Filipino writers in Spanish

Their inspiration was Rizal not only because of his being

a national leader but also because of his novels NOLI
and FILI.
Cecilio Apostol - wrote poems dedicated to Rizal, Jacinto,
Mabini, and all other heroes but his poem dedicated to Rizal is
considered the best poem in praise of the hero of
Bagumbayan.
Claro M. Recto –In nobility of speech and theme, he can
compare with other writers in Spanish. He collected his
poems in a book entitled “Bajo Los Cocoteros” (Under the
Coconut Tree)
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
• Filipino writers in FILIPINO

Their inspiration “Florante at Laura” of Francisco

Balagtas and “Urbana at Felisa” of Modesto de
Castro.
Julian Cruz Balmaceda classified three kinds of Tagalog
poets:

 Poets of the Hearts (MakatangPuso)

 Poets of Life (MakatangBuhay)
 Poets of the Stage (MakatangTanghalan)
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
• Filipino writers in ENGLISH

The Period Of Re-orientation (1898-1910)

-The use of English as medium of instruction in Public
Schools.

The Period of Imitation (1910-1925)

-Writers in this period imitate American and British
models which resulted in a stilted, artificial and
unnatural style of writing.
 AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
• Filipino writers in ENGLISH

The Period of Self-discovery (1925-1941)

-By this time Filipino writers had acquired the mastery
of English writing.
-The gradual decline of the Philippine literature written
in Spanish.
 Panahon ng Amerikano
Para sa mga manunulat na Pilipino,
ang pinakamahalagang naganap ay
nakakawala sila sa galamay ng kaisa-
isang paksang maari nilang talakayin
sa panahon ng Kastila at ito ay ang
pagpuri’t pagbibigay- karangalan sa
kanilang relihiyong Kristiyanismo.
 Panahon ng Amerikano
Batas Sedisyon (Nobyembre 4, 1901)

Ipinagbabawal ang anumang gawain,

mapayapa man o hindi, na nag
uudyok ng pag hihimagsik o pag
aaklas laban sa Amerika
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 SHORT STORIES /
MAIKLING KWENTO
ay isang maiksing salaysay hinggil
sa isang mahalagang
pangyayaring kinasasangkutan ng
isa o ilang tauhan at may iisang
kakintalan o impresyon lamang.
Isa itong masining na anyo
ng panitikan.
 SHORT STORIES /
MAIKLING KWENTO
Tulad ng nobela at dula, isa rin itong
paggagad ng realidad, kung ginagagad
ang isang momento lamang o iyong
isang madulang pangyayaring naganap
sa buhay ng pangunahing tauhan. Si
Deogracias A. Rosario ang tinuturing na
"Ama ng Maikling Kuwento". Tinawag
rin itong dagli noong panahon ng mga
Amerikano at ginagawa itong libangan
ng mga sundalo.
 FLASH FICTION/ DAGLI
isang anyong pampanitikan
na isang maikling-maikling
kuwento. Binubuo lamang ito
ng ilang daang salita,
karaniwan na ang 200-400
salita.
 SHORT STORIES /
MAIKLING KWENTO
Ang maikling kwento ay nag
simula bilang isang DAGLI at
kalaunay naging PASINGAW
SHORT STORIES / MAIKLING KWENTO
 DEAD STARS
Paz Marquez Benitez

The story revolves around Alfredo Salazar, a

bachelor over thirty, and two women:
Esperanza, his fiancée of four years, and a
young girl from out-of-town named Julia Salas.
Everyone takes it for granted that Alfredo will
eventually marry Esperanza. But although he
is ashamed to admit it, the intensity of his
passion for Esperanza has faded and he is
attracted to Julia, whom he meets at a dinner
party.
 DEAD STARS
Paz Marquez Benitez

But he is aware that all his loved ones-including

Julia-would disapprove of his failure to honor
his understanding with Esperanza. So he and
Esperanza get married and have a family.
Then, eight years later, he goes on a business
trip to the town where Julia, still unmarried,
lives. He goes to visit Julia, whom he has never
forgotten
 DEAD STARS
Paz Marquez Benitez

But he is surprised to find that he no longer feels

attracted to her. He compares the memory of
his love foar her to dead stars, whose glow is
still visible from the earth for years after they
are gone.
In the 1925 story, dead stars symbolize a dream
for something that is nonexistent. The guy
loved the girl. She was his dream, his star. He
thought there was love there. But like a dead
star which is so far away, and whose shine
could actually be the leftover traveling light
from it, he was a long way from getting the
girl, and the love he thought was possible,
never was.
Paz Marquez Benitez
Born in 1894 in Lucena
City, Quezón, Márquez
Benítez authored the
first Filipino modern
English-language short
story, Dead Stars,
published in the
Philippine Herald in
1925.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 NOVEL / NOBELA
isang uri ng panitikang prosa na
kadalasan ay likhang-isip lamang
ngunit kasing-haba ng isang libro.
Madalasan din na binubuo ito ng
mga karakter at pangyayari na
may kaunting halo ng
pagpapakatotohanan.
NOVEL / NOBELA
(literally "the point or place where someone or
something disappeared" or "fading point") is a
Tagalog-language novel written by Filipino
novelist Faustino S. Aguilar. Aguilar completed
the manuscript on September 25, 1906. The
novel was published by Manila Filateco in
Manila, Philippines in 1907. The novel was
written during the American period in
Philippine history (1898-1946).
 PINAGLAHUAN
Faustino S. Aguilar

Set during the early 20th century in the Philippines,

Pinaglahuan narrates the story of the life of Luis
Gatbuhay, the labor leader whose life was ruined
by the mestizo class, represented by Rojalde.[2]
The first scene in Pinaglahuan depicted a meeting
inside the Teatro Zorilla (Zorilla Theatre). The
purpose of the gathering was about the call to
free the Philippines from the American occupiers.
Another scene depicted the confrontation
between Gatbuhay and Don Nicanor while inside
a carriage.
 PINAGLAHUAN
Faustino S. Aguilar

Don Nicanor wanted to marry off Danding to Rojalde

because the purpose of paying off his gambling debt.
Luis lost his job because of Rojalde’s power and
influence. In addition, Rojalde implicated Gatbuhay
to a crime and was imprisoned for four years. Rojalde
and Danding became husband and wife, but Danding
gave birth to Gatbuhay’s child. At the ending scene of
the novel, Gatbuhay was killed by a bomb explosion
inside the prison.
Faustino S. Aguilar
is a
pioneering Filipino no
velist, journalist,
revolutionary, union
leader, and editor.
Faustino was one of
the first novelists in
the Philippines to
explore and
present social
realism through
literature
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 MUSIC
When the Americans came, they
brought blues, folk, R&B, and
rock and roll. They also made
music a part of the educational
curriculum. This developed the
skills of Filipinos in music and so
they used this skill to imitate
Western music to create local
versions of Western music.
 MUSIC
Songs became a hybrid of other
forms of music that were popular
then, such askundiman.
 MUSIC
The less “formalized and
institutionalized” forms of music
were heard and made popular in
concert halls called kabaret,
vaudeville shows showcasing
comic, raucous, and even lewd
sketches accompanied by jazz
music, and even sometimes,
traditional grass-root kundiman.
 LOVE SONG/ KUNDIMAN
isang tradisyonal na awit ng pag-
ibig ng mga Filipino. Karaniwang
ipinapahayag sa awit na ito ang
matapat na pag-ibig ng isang
manliligaw na handang
magsakripisyo at maghirap para
sa kanyang minamahal.
SONG / AWIT
 NASAAN KA IROG
Nicanor Abelardo

Nasaan ka Irog,
At dagling naparam ang iyong pag-ibig?
'Di baga sumpa mo, ako'y mamahalin?
Iyong itatangi, iyong itatangi
Magpa-hanggang libing,
Subalit nasaan ang gayong pagtingin?
 NASAAN KA IROG
Nicanor Abelardo

Nasaan ka Irog
At natitiis mong ako'y mangulila,
at hanap-hanapin ikaw sa alaala
Nasaan ang sabi mong
Akoy' iyong Ligaya
Ngayo'y nalulumbay
ay di ka makita.
 NASAAN KA IROG
Nicanor Abelardo

Irog ko'y tandaan

kung ako man ay iyong siniphayo
Mga sumpa't lambing
Pinaram mong buo
Ang lahat sa buhay ko
ay hindi maglalaho't
Masisilbing bakas
Nang nagdaan
'tang pagsuyo.
NASAAN KA IROG
Nicanor Abelardo

Tandaan mo irog,
Irog ko'y tandaan
Ang lahat sa Buhay ko
ay hindi maglalaho''t
Magsisilbing bakas
'Tang Pagsuyo,
Nasaan ka irog,
Nasaan ka irog?
Nicanor Abelardo
was a
Filipino composer
known for his
Kundiman songs,
especially before the
Second World War.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 DRAMA / DULA
Ito isang uri ng akda na
naglalarawan ng buhay o ugali ng
mga tao sa pamamagitan ng mga
usapån o dayalogo, at sa mga
ikinikilos ng mga pangunahing
tauhan na ginaganap sa isang
tanghalan.
DRAMA / DULA
It is an anti-imperialist play attacking the new
colonizers (at that time), the Americans, while
not forgiving the old ones – Mother Spain and
Old China, who want to feast on the
Philippines’ wealth.
The play was shown at Teatro Libertad in Manila on
May 14, 1903 and its focus is the triumph of Inang
Bayan (Motherland) over her tormentors, Haring
Bata (Child King) who is the symbol of the Old
China; Halimaw (Monster), the symbol of the
Spanish friars who continued dominating the
church and influencing local politics despite the
mock battle in Manila Bay; Dilat-na-Bulag (Eyes
Open, yet Blind), the ever ‘royal’ Spain; and
Bagong Sibol (The Budding One), which is the new
superpower of the capitalist world, the United
States of America.
 KAHAPON, NGAYON, AT BUKAS
Aurelio Tolentino

Sa isang bakuran na may sagingan at iba pang halaman sa

tabi nagdiriwang ang lahat para kay Asalhayop.Sa gitna
ng kasiyahan, dumating si Inangbaynkasama si
Tagailog.Pinagsabihan ni Inangbayan ang lahat ng
kanyang mga anak ngunit tinawanan lang siya ng mga ito.
Nagsagutan si Inangbayan at si Asalhayop. Nasaktan si
Inangbayan sa pagkampi ng kanyang mga anak kay
Asalhayop kay ipinakita niya sa mga ito ang mga libingan
ng mga ninuno nilang namatay sa labanan. Lumuhod ang
lahat ngunit nanatiling nakatayo si Asalhayop kaya
tumatangis na lumakad palayo si Inangbayan. Dahil sa
sinabi ni Inangbayan kinumbinsi ni Tagailog ang lahat
npara sumama sa kanya sa digmaan.
 KAHAPON, NGAYON, AT BUKAS
Aurelio Tolentino

Dahil sa pagiging ganid, isinumbong ni Asalhayop sina

Tagailog at mga kasama nito kay Haringbata ngunit
hindi nila alam na lihim na nakikinig si Inangbayan sa
kanilang usapan. Binigyan si Asalhayop ng salapi ni
Haringbata bilang pambayad at isang taliba para
makapasok sa bahay ni Haringbata si Asalhayop.

Hinanap ni Asalhayop si Tagailog at sinabing siya'y

sasama sa digmaan ngunit dumating si Inangbayan at
isiniwalt ang kataksilan ni Asalhayop. Dahil sa
kalapastanganang ginawa ni Asalhayop,siya'y pinatay
ni Tagailog.
 KAHAPON, NGAYON, AT BUKAS
Aurelio Tolentino

Napatay ni Tagailog si Haringbata at nanalo sila. Biglang

dumating si Dilat na Bulag at Matanglawin at
sinabing may mangyayaring sakuna at masusupil lang
ito kung sila ay makikipagpatiran sa kanila. Kaya
nagkasundo ang bawat panig na makipagsanduguan
sa isa't-isa.
Aurelio Tolentino
was a Filipino playwright and
dramatist whose works at
the turn of the 20th century
depict his desire to see
Philippine independence
from its colonizers. He was
also a Katipunero. Together
with Andres Bonifacio and
Mariano Sakay, he founded
Teatro Porvenir (Theater of
Tomorrow), and was one of
the signatories of the
Declaration of Independence
in Kawit Cavite, on June 12,
1898.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
BIOGRAPHY / TALAMBUHAY
(mula sa pinagsamang mga
salitang "tala" at "buhay" na may
diwang "tala ng buhay") ay isang
anyo ng panitikan na nagsasaad
ng kasaysayan ng buhay ng isang
tao hango sa mga tunay na tala,
pangyayari at impormasyon.
BIOGRAPHY / TALAMBUHAY
 First penned for the 1938 Commonwealth
Biography contest, Carlos Quirino's The Great
Malayan is a sweeping and majestic life story of
the Philippine national patriot, Jose Rizal. Epic in
scope, brimming with drama and insight, the
novel is a masterful study of Rizal's brief but
brilliant life, from Kalamba to Bagumbayan. In his
book, Mr. Quirino paints the many faces of Rizal
in stark and colorful hues against the tumultuous
backdrop of a nation in search of its identity and
ultimately, its freedom.
 THE GREAT MALAYAN
Carlos Quirino

Si Pepe o "Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso

Realonda" ay ipinanganak sa bayan ng Calamba
noong ika 19 ng Hunyo taong 1861. Tatlong araw
matapos ipanganak ay bininyagan si Pepe sa tulong
ng paring si Rufino Collantes.
Si Pepe ay ikapito sa labing isang magkakapatid
Sa lahat ng kapatid ni Rizal ay tanging si Concepcion
o Concha ang hindi umabot ng wastong edad. Si
Concha ay nagkasakit at namatay noong tatlong
taong gulang pa lamang. Kaya't si Rizal ay lubhang
nagdalamhati.
 THE GREAT MALAYAN
Carlos Quirino

Noong tatlong taong gulang pa lamang ang batang si

Pepe ay marunong na itong magbasa ng alpabetong
Filipino sa tulong na rin ng kanyang ina.
Inupahan din ng kanyang ama ang isang tutor na nag
ngangalang Leon Monroy upang si Rizal at mahasa pa
sa pagbasa at pagsulat.
Si Monroy ay kaklase din ng kanyang ama.
 THE GREAT MALAYAN
Carlos Quirino

Sa loob ng limang buwan ay tinuruan din nito ang

batang si Rizal ng salitang espanyol at latin. Bukod
dito ay naging tutor din ni Rizal sina Maestro
Celestino at Maestro Lucas Padua.
Noong mga panahong ding iyon ay tinulungan din ng
kanyang tiyo Manuel (Na pinsan ng kanyang ina) ang
payat pa noong si Rizal upang maging malusog ang
pangangatawan nito.
 THE GREAT MALAYAN
Carlos Quirino

Taong 1869, sa edad na walo ay naisulat ni Rizal ang

tulang "Sa Aking Mga Kabata". Sa taong ding ito
unang nag aral si Rizal sa Biñan, Laguna sa
pangangalaga ni Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz.
Kasama ang nakatatandang kapatid na si Paciano ay
nagtungo sila sa bahay ng guro.
Ang eskwelahan ay sa mismong tahanan din ng
Maestro na dati ring guro ni Paciano.
Sa larangang akademiko ay nanguna si Rizal sa
eskwelahang iyon.
Carlos Quirino
biographer, has the distinction
of having written one of the
earliest biographies of Jose
Rizal titled The Great
Malayan. Quirino’s books
and articles span the whole
gamut of Philippine history
and culture–from
Bonifacio’s trial to
Aguinaldo’s biography, from
Philippine cartography to
culinary arts, from cash
crops to tycoons and
president’s lives, among so
many subjects.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 POEM / TULA
Ang tula ay isang tuwirang
pagbabagong-hugis sa buhay; na
sa ibang pananalita, ito ay isang
maguniguning paglalarawan, na
nakakalupkupan ng kariktan sa
pamamagitan ng mga sukat ng
taludtod, na tahasang
nadarama, dinaramdam, iniisip,
o ginagawa ng tao.
POEM / TULA
Ang ipinapahatid na mensahe sa tula ay ang
kabayanihan ng ating mga bayani. Ang mga
paghihirap at sakripisyo nila na nagbunga ng
kabutihan at kalayaan sa atin. Kahit na
walang kasiguraduhan ang magiging bunga
ng kanilang mga sakripisyo ay ginawa pa rin
nila mula sa kanilang puso.
Ang mga ginawa nila na pagtatanggol sa atin at
sa mahal na bayan ay isinapuso nila kahit na
may posibilidad na maaring hindi sila
kilalanin sa kanilang kabayanihan. Pawis,
yaman, dunong, lakas, dugo, buhay ay
kanilang inialay para sa kabutihan ng bayan.
 KABAYANIYAN
Lope K. Santos

Ang kahulugan mo’y isang paglilingkod

Na walang paupa sa hirap at pagod;
Minsan sa anyaya, minsang kusang-loob,
Pag-ibig sa kapwa ang lagi mong Diyos.

Natatalastas mong sa iyong pananim

Iba ang aani’t iba ang kakain;
Datapwa’t sa iyo’y ligaya na’t aliw
Ang magpakasakit nang sa iba dahil.
 KABAYANIYAN
Lope K. Santos

Pawis, yaman, dunong, lakas, dugo, buhay…

Pinupuhunan mo at iniaalay
Kapagka ibig mong sa kaalipinan
Ay makatubos ka ng aliping bayan.

Sa tulong mo’y naging maalwan ang dukha,

Sa turo mo’y nagging mulat ang mulala,
Tapang mo’y sa duwag nagging halimbawa’t
Ang kamatayan mo ay buhay ng madla.
 KABAYANIYAN
Lope K. Santos

Tikis na nga lamang na ang mga tao’y

Mapagwalang-turing sa mga tulong mo;
Ang kadalasan pang iganti sa iyo
Ay ang pagkalimot, kung di paglililo.
Lope K. Santos
was a Filipino Tagalog
language writer
and former senator
of the Philippines.
He is best known
for his 1906
socialist novel,
“Ama ng Pambansang
Wika at Balarila”
 BALARILA
• “BALA NG DILA” ayon kay Lope K. Santos

• Tumutukoy sa pag aaral ng anyo, uri ng mga

salita , tamang gamit ng mga salita at tamang
pag kakaugnayan ng mga salita sa isang
pahayag upang makabuo ng malinaw na
kasisipan o diwa
 AMONG BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO
Mao ang sa mahimayaong banagbanag
Sa Adlaw sa Kagawasan gibanwagan
Sa kahitas-an sa human malumpag
ang bilanggoan sa among Yutang Natawhan.

Sa kahitas-an (k)o, anaa siya, anaa

Ginahuros sa tanang kahanginan;
Apan nianang mananaog nga Agila
Dili madagit, dili kahilabtan.

Kay nasayud ang tubuok kalibutan

Nga tungud kaniya daghang nangagas
Nga dugo sa among mga kaigsoonan;
Busa alaut kaniya ang motampalas!
 AMONG BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO

Nianang mga bulok niya nga bughaw,

Mapula ug maputi mobuling dili
Kanang mahugawng bulok sa katalaw
Nga sa pagkaolipon maoy buhing binhi

Kanang Adlaw ug tolo ka bitoon

Nga, mga maanyag, gipatik kaniya,
Dili mangapala bisan dagiton
Si Pilipinas ning dakulang Agila
 AMONG BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO

Oh, ang among Bandila ginasimba,

Ginalabanan namo sa gihapon
Sa tanang panahon ug bisan asa
Bisan pa sa baba sa Kamatayon!

Kon magun-ob ang Langit ug ang Yuta,

Kun kong kaniya wala nay kaugbokan,
Nga sa among Lubnganan kami mangita
Dapit diin gihapon siya kahalaran…
 AMING BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO
Yao’y sa maluwalhating bukang liwayway
sa Araw ng Kalayaan binasbasang liwanag
Ng kaitaasan matapos mawasak,
Ang bilangguan ng aming Lupang Tinubuan.

Sa kaitaasan, naririyan siya,

Hinihipan ng lahat ng hangin;
Matagumpay man ang Agila’y
Hindi nito magagalaw, hindi matatangay.

‘Pagkat alam ng buong mundo

Na dahil sa kanya, maraming dugo
Ng aming kapatid ang umagos
Kaya’t masasawi ang sa kanya’y tumampalasan.
 AMING BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO

Masdan ang kulay niyang bughaw,

Pula at puti ang hindi marurumhan
Ng maburak na kulay ng karuwagang
Buhay na binhi ng kaalipnan.

Iyang araw at tatlong bituing

Marikit na sa kanya’y nakatatak
Ay di mabubura, matangay man
Ang Pilipinas nitong malaking Agila.
 AMING BANDILA
TOMAS BAGUIO

O Bandila naming sinasamba

Ipagtatanggol at ipaglalaban ka
Kailan ma’t saan man,
Maging sa bingit ng kamatayan!

Sakaling gumuho ang Langit at Lupa

At walang sa kanya’y mapagtirikan
Asahang sa libinga’y aming ipaghanap
ng luga(r) na siya’y pagdalanginan.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 ESSAY / SANAYSAY
ay isang maiksing komposisyon
na kalimitang naglalaman ng
personal na kuru-kuro ng may-
akda. Ito ay may dalawang uri,
ang PORMAL at DI-PORMAL na
sanaysay.
ESSAY / SANAYSAY
I Am a Filipino, Romulo’s most famous literary
work, sheds light on national identity through
an examination of the Filipino’s fervent dream
for freedom from colonial rule. Frequently
chosen by aspiring speakers for elocution
contests and memorized by grade-school
students all over the country, the piece
awakens Filipino nationalism, transcending
linguistic and ethnic boundaries, and
resonating in the hearts of people from all
walks of life.
I Am a Filipino first appeared in The Philippines
Herald in August 1941, only one month before
Romulo wrote the first of a series of eight
articles that won him the 1942 Pulitzer Prize
for journalism. The essay takes the Filipino
reader on a quick walk through history–from
his Malayan roots to the battles once fought
by heroes–building momentum until the piece
reaches its climax…
 I AM A FILIPINO
Carlos P. Romulo

I am a Filipino–inheritor of a glorious past,

hostage to the uncertain future. As such I
must prove equal to a two-fold task–the
task of meeting my responsibility to the
past, and the task of performing my
obligation to the future.
 I AM A FILIPINO
Carlos P. Romulo

I sprung from a hardy race, child many

generations removed of ancient Malayan
pioneers. Across the centuries the memory
comes rushing back to me: of brown-skinned
men putting out to sea in ships that were as
frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I
see them come, borne upon the billowing
wave and the whistling wind, carried upon the
mighty swell of hope–hope in the free
abundance of new land that was to be their
home and their children’s forever.
 I AM A FILIPINO
Carlos P. Romulo

This is the land they sought and found.

Every inch of shore that their eyes first
set upon, every hill and mountain that
beckoned to them with a green-and-
purple invitation, every mile of rolling
plain that their view encompassed, every
river and lake that promised a plentiful
living and the fruitfulness of commerce,
is a hallowed spot to me.
 I AM A FILIPINO
Carlos P. Romulo

“I am a Filipino born of freedom and I shall

not rest until freedom shall have been
added unto my inheritance–for myself
and my children and my children’s
children–forever.”
Carlos P. Romulo
was a Filipino diplomat,
statesman, soldier, journalist
and author. He was a
reporter at 16, a newspaper
editor by the age of 20, and a
publisher at 32. He was a co-
founder of the Boy Scouts of
the Philippines, a general in
the US Army and the
Philippine Army, university
president, President of the
UN General Assembly, was
eventually named one of the
Philippines' National
Artists in Literature.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
HISTORY/ KASAYSAYAN
ay ang pag-aaral ng nakaraan,
partikular kung paano ito
nakaaapekto sa mga tao sa
kasalukuyan. Ito ay ginagamit
bílang isang pangkalahatang
katawagan para
sa impormasyon tungkol
sa nakaraan
HISTORY/ KASAYSAYAN
FILIPINO WRITERS IN A CHANGING
WORLD
Carlos Bulosan
Since the passage of the Philippine
Independence Law in 1934. a resurgence
of cultural activity has been spreading
with the growing industrialism. The
awakened consciousness of the workers
and the farmers is supplemented by the
emergence of new and vigorous talents
in the various fields of literature…
 FILIPINO WRITERS IN A CHANGING
WORLD
Carlos Bulosan
The winning novel in English (Juan Cabreros
Laya, His Native Soil, Manila) is an
important historical document because it
marks the continuation of a literary
tradition started by Fracisco Balagtas in
Tagalog and by Jose Rizal in Spanish.Only
forty years in the philippines, English has
become a dynamic weapon in the hand of
the young author who…
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
PUBLICATIONS/ MGA PAHAYAGAN

diyaryo, o peryodiko ay isang uri

ng paglilimbag na naglalaman
ng balita, impormasyon
at patalastas, kadalasang na
imprenta sa mababang halaga.
Ito ay maaaring pangkalahatan o
may espesyal na interes, at
kadalasan itong inilalathala ng
araw-araw o lingguhan.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 MOVIES / PELIKULA
ay isang larangan na sinasakop ang
mga gumagalaw na larawan bilang
isang anyo ng sining o bilang bahagi
ng industriya ng libangan. Dahil
naging
pangunahing tagapamagitan para sa
pagpapakita ng mga gumagalaw
na larawan ang letratong pelikula sa
kasaysayan, kadalasang tinutukoy
ang larangang ito ng akademya bilang
ang pag-aaral ng pelikula.
a 1937 Filipino Musical Love Story film directed by
Carlos Vander Tolosa and story by Luis F. Nolasco
starring by Elsa Oria and Tito Arevalo.
 one of only five
surviving pre-war
Filipino movies,
starred Rosario
Moreno and Rudy
Concepcion, whose
screen tandem was
extremely
phenomenal and
well-loved during
their time.
Don Andres (Franco Garcia) and his son, Ernesto
(Rudy Concepcion) were both in love with a
pretty barrio lass, Amparing (Rosario Moreno),
whose principled father, Mang Teong (Pedro
Faustino) was working on the hacienda owned
by Don Andres. Mang Teong was not in favor of
Don Andres and his intention towards
Amparing. He advised her daughter not to
receive any gifts from Don Andres.

Ernesto, the good-looking son of Don Andres, on

the other hand, disguised himself as a lowly
farmer from a nearby barrio so as to get near
Amparing. The two eventually fell in love.
Life became hard on the family of Amparing---
Mang Teong was fired from his job when he
vehemently refused Don Andres’ gifts in
exchange of Amparing’s hand. Her mother, Aling
Clara (Naty Bernardo) was down due to a
lingering illness. At the same time, she learned
of Ernesto’s true identity. Amparing, feeling he
was betrayed, broke off with Ernesto.
Amparing tried to look for job but to no avail.
Desperate, she decided to approach Don Andres
and ask for financial assistance--- for his father,
who was in jail and for her ailing mother for the
medical needs. In return, she had to marry Don
Andres.
Ernesto returned and learned of Amparing’s
upcoming marriage to his father. In a drastic
move, he snatched Amparing.

It was a happy ending for the couple as Don

Andres realized his mistake and ask for
forgiveness.
AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
 VISAYAN
LITERATURE
 SI ANABELLA
By Magdalena Jalandoni
Published: 1938
Translated by Corazon
Villareal
 SI ANABELA
Magdalena Jalandoni

Isang pagunitang paglalakbay sa panahon ng dekada

treinta ang kuwentong “Si Anabella.” Isang gabing
maliwanag ang buwan at mga bituin, hinarana ng
binata ang dilag ng kaniyang biyolin. Sa himig ng
isang buong orkestra, sumayaw sila sa malawak na
sala ng malapalasyong tahanan ng binata. Nguni’t
ang binata’y mayaman, at inilayo siya ng kaniyang
ina sa pinupusuan. Subalit buong tiyagang
naghintay si Anabella sa pagbabalik nito, at sa wakas
sila ay muling nagsama.
 SI ANABELA
Magdalena Jalandoni

is a nostalgic trip to the ‘30s. The beau serenades

his love with a
violin on a moonlit and starry night, they dance in
the spacious sala of his palatial home to the
strains
of a full orchestra, they are the envy of everyone
on the dancefloor. But he is rich and his mother
takes him away from his lover. Anabella, however,
waits patiently for his return and eventually they
are reunited.
 REFERENCES
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinaglahuan
• http://thewriterinspired.blogspot.com/2015/03/kahapon-ngayon-at-bukas-
buod.html
• https://himantayon2.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/pahabol-sa-aming-bandila/
• http://video48.blogspot.com/2011/10/rosario-moreno-and-rudy-concepcion-
in.html
• https://filipinokundimans.blogspot.com/2013/11/nasaan-ka-irog-where-are-you-
my-love.html
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BauKqc0O70
• https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talambuha
• https://www.marvicrm.com/2017/09/talambuhay-ni-jose-rizal-buod
• http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/arts-and-culture/filipino-
voices/hiligaynon%E2%80%93ang-guitara/
• https://www.facebook.com/notes/komisyon-sa-wikang-filipino/daniw-filipinas-
magdalena-jalandoni/634197890084646/
 AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
1898-1946
PREPARED BY: GROUP 5

MAGTIBAY, Christine Joy

OLIVEROS, Jordan
PAGUIRIGAN, Lorenzo Jr.
PAULE, Lianne Yvette
PEREZ, Brandon
Thank
you