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Chibahas 586682672
Chibahas 586682672
Prepared by:
Stoj Shakya
073-BAE-241
• Chibahas are Buddhist shrine , Miniature chaityas
• the relics are not related with Buddha
• built in those places where Buddha made footprints
• mostly found in Bahas. Also in Nanis, residential courtyards,
dhungedhara, etc.
• main ornamental structure in Bahas.
• Material: stone and carving in it. Sometimes brick is also used
Chibahas in Nani Chibahas in Baha
• complex symbolism of Buddha and his
teachings
• modified by Newari artists with the
passage of time
• exclusively Buddhist shrine but Hindu
people also worship it.
• for the gain of religious merits with
some wish in mind
• Chibahas in Buddhism are like temples
in Hinduism
• consist of pedestal base with lotus
design carved. (Lotus represents purity
while rooted to mud. Lotus also
represents Dharmachakra which is a
vital element of Buddhism).
• Lower part of chibahas shows the
Buddha in different poses
Essential elements:
• Plinth (Medhi). may be square or octagonal.
• dome - Garbha (womb) or Anda (egg).
• multi-stage spire or finial or chattra of multiple layer (13 layers)
represents different stages of Nirvana. This is also called
Thrayodasi Bhuvan.
Chattra
Harmika
Garbha/
Gateway
Anda
Lotus base
Medhi
Those elements of chibahas also represents different
elements of universe such as earth, water and fire.
Cube- Earth
Plinth/ Medhi
The four image in four cardinal directions
represents four dhyani Buddha.
• 1. Akshobhya (east) - represents cosmic
element of consciousness.
• 2. Ratnasambhava (south)- represents
cosmic element of sensation.
• 3. Amitabha (west)- represents element
of life and light.
• 4. Amoghasiddhi (north)- represents
cosmic element of confirmation.
• Center- Mahadhyani Buddha called
Vairocana represented by the eyes on the
harmika.
• Eyes on the harmika and its carving is the
special characteristics of chibahas of
Nepal.
• The eyes represents wisdom and
compassion.
• According to the time they are built, chibahas are
categorizes into two types.
1. Lichchhavi chibahas:
• square base and are of two tires.
• four gateways in each levels and have a hemispherical
dome above it.
• Old- flattened/simple dome new- bell like form.
2. Malla Chibahas:
• imitated the shape of Swayambhunath stupa.
• around 350 chaityas in Kathmandu valley, 124 chibahas
are located in Lalitpur.
• The hermika and eyes in chibaha was only introduced in
Malla period. Chibahas of Lichchhavi period didn’t have
hermika and eyes.
Conclusion