Unit 1 Vocabulary

Part I
 Unit 1 Vocabulary – Part I

On your notecards (9) you will write the

biology word on one side and the
definition on the other. You have 20
minutes:
Heterotroph Autotroph Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes Endosymbiotic Organelles
theory
Endocytosis Mitochondria Chloroplast
 Endocytosis
 The process of a cell eating or drinking.
Particles go inside the cell
 Endosymbiotic
Theory

Unit 1: Day 1 Notes

 The Endosymbiotic Theory
 In your composition book write the next two bullet
points
 Title of Notes
Unit 1-Day 1- Endosymbiotic Theory - Notes
 Write down the following learning targets
 Learning Targets (what you are expected to learn:
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What is a eukaryotic cells?
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
Be able to explain the origins of the first eukaryotic cells on
the planet
The Endosymbiotic Theory
 The endosymbiotic theory is the idea that a
long time ago, prokaryotic cells engulfed
other prokaryotic cells by endocytosis. This
resulted in the first eukaryotic cells.

 Thistheory explains the origin of eukaryotic cells and

provides an explanation on the origin of certain
membrane-bound organelles
What Exactly Happened?
Chloroplas
t
Plants and
Ancient Prokaryotes plant-like
Heterotrophic
bacteria protists
Nuclear Photosynthetic
envelope bacteria
evolving Mitochondrion

Primitive Autotrophic
(Photosynthetic) Eukaryote

Animals, fungi, and

animal-like protists
Ancient Heterotrophic Primitive Heterotrophic
Prokaryote Eukaryote
Another look!
 Membrane-Bound Organelles
 Mitochondria = membrane-
bound organelle that produces
energy for the cell were once
their own prokaryotic cell
(billions of years ago)
 Chloroplast = membrane-
bound organelle that captures
sunlight and uses it to make
food for the cell were once
their own prokaryotic cell
(billions of years ago)
 Membrane-Bound Organelles
 Mitochondria = ancient aerobic prokaryote (aerobic
prokaryote used oxygen to make energy like today’s
mitochondria)
 Chloroplast = ancient photosynthetic prokaryote
(ability to convert light energy into chemical energy
(glucose)).
 ***Evidence in support of the
endosymbiotic theory:***
 Ancient prokaryotic cells have the same features as
modern day mitochondria and chloroplasts to include
the following:

1. Circular DNA (both chloroplast and mitochondria have

their own DNA different from the host cell)
2. They have their own ribosomes
3. Binary fission (mitochondria and chloroplast can
reproduce separately of the host cell)
***More evidence in support of
the endosymbiotic theory:***
4. Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own cell
membrane (double membrane layer)
5. Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own
cytoplasm
What it would look like today?