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Hematological Features of Anemia
Hematological Features of Anemia
Hematological Features of Anemia
hematological
features and
anemia
Dr.Tuo Yuanyuan
2018-11-21
儿科学院
Contents
掌握小儿贫血的概念
掌握小儿贫血的诊断标准
熟悉小儿造血和血液特点
了解贫血的分类
了解贫血的临床表现
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hematopoietic and
blood
characteristics
中胚叶造血期 胚胎 3 周 -6 周
肝: 2 月开始, 6 月达高峰
胚胎期造血 肝脾造血期
脾: 12 周开始, 5 月达高峰
骨髓造血期 6 周 -4 月开始,持续终生
< 5 岁:仅有红骨髓
18 岁:红骨髓、黄骨髓分布同成人
生后造血
原因:< 5 岁,造血需求增加
骨髓外造血
表现:肝脾淋巴结肿大,同时外周血可出现有和红细胞或(和)幼稚中性
粒细胞
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hematopoietic and
blood
characteristics
• sac
yolk
liver Bone marrow
• RBC 和 Hb
RBC ( ×1012/L
Hb ( g/L )
)
Newborn 5.0-7.0 150-220
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Blood
characteristics
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Blood
characteristics
Reticulocyte (Ret) accounts for the percentage of
mature erythrocytes (%)
初生 4-7 天 4-6 周 5月
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Blood
characteristics
白细胞计数与分类
计数
( ×109/L 分类
)
中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞
初生 一周 8岁
比例的变化
15-20 平均 12 达成人水平
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Blood
characteristics
Leucocyte count
WBC×10 /L
9
年龄
9h 10d 1y 8y
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Blood
characteristics
WBC
Neutrophils lymphocytes
(%) (%)
Newborn 65 30
4-6days 50 50
1-2years 35 60
4-6years 50 50
> 7years 60 30
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Blood
characteristics
% Lymphocyte
80
淋巴细胞
60
40
20 Granulocyte
粒细胞
0 Age
4~6d 4~6y
Differential count of WBC (白细胞分类计数)
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Blood
characteristics
platelet count
约为 100×109/L~300×109/L
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Blood
characteristics
Types of hemoglobin ( % )
1year <5
2yeas <2 95 2-3
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Blood
characteristics
blood volume
小儿血容量较成人多
血容量占体重百分比( % )
• 新生儿 10%
• 儿童 8-10%
• 成人 6-8%
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Anaemia
Hb < 110g/L
Hb < 115g/L Hb < 120g/L
红细胞比容( HCT )
红细胞比容( HCT ) 红细胞比容( HCT )
< 0.33
< 0.34 < 0.36
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Anaemia
< 6months
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Classification of
anemia
Classification and standard of anemia severity
Hb <30g/L 30~59g/L 60~90g/L >90g/L
Anemia Extremely
Severe Moderate Light
severity severe
NEWBORN
Anemia Extremel
Severe Moderate Light
severity y severe
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Etiological classification of anemia
Hematopoietic substance defici
Bone marrow hematopoie
Red blood cell and hemoglobin Infectious and inflammatory anemia
Lack of generation
Anemia associated with bone marrow in
Chronic nephritis, lead poisoning
Structural defects of red blood cell membrane
Red cell intrinsic defectErythrocytosolic enzyme deficiency
Hemoglobin synthesis and structural
Hemolytic anemia
abnormalities
Immune factors
Extra erythrocyte abnormality
infection
physical chemistry factors
Acute blood loss
Other
Hemorrhagic anemia Chronic blood loss
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Morphological classification of anemia
Morphological classification of anemia
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贫血的细胞形态分类
Morphological classification of anemia
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Thanks for your attention !
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