Navigation

Engr. Roselito E. Tolentino

NAVIGATION
• the art of directing the movement of a craft from
one point to another along a desired path.
• Came from NAVIS- MEANS SHIP, AGERE- MEANS TO
DRIVE which literally means TO DRIVE A SHIP
METHODS OF NAVIGATION
1. GEO-NAVIGATION
a. PILOTING
b. DEAD RECKONING
2. CELESTIAL-NAVIGATION
3. ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION
a. RADIO
b. SATELLITE
METHODS OF
NAVIGATION
• NAVIGATION BY PILOTAGE OR VISUAL CONTACT
• in this method, the navigator fixes his position by
observing known visible landmarks provided there
is a good visibility.
METHODS OF
NAVIGATION
• NAVIGATION BY DEAD-RECKONING
• with this method, the position of the craft at any
instant of time is calculated from the previously
determined position, the speed of its motion with
respect to earth along the direction of its motion,
and the time elapsed
METHODS OF
NAVIGATION
• CELESTIAL NAVIGATION OR ASTRONOMICAL
NAVIGATION
• this is accomplished by measuring the angular
position of celestial bodies
• navigator measures the elevation of the celestial
body with a sextant and notes the precise time at
which the measurement is made with a
chronometer.
METHODS OF
NAVIGATION
• RADIO NAVIGATION
• this is based on the use of electromagnetic waves
to find the position of the craft
• the system depends upon transmitters/receivers at
known locations on the earth’s surface and
transmitter/receivers working in conjunction with
them in the vehicles.
METHODS OF
NAVIGATION
• SATELLITE NAVIGATION
• A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses
satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning.
• It allows small electronic receivers to determine their location
(longitude, latitude, and altitude/elevation) to high precision (within
a few centimeters to meters) using time signals transmitted along a
line of sight by radio from satellites.
• The system can be used for providing position, navigation or for
tracking the position of something fitted with a receiver (satellite
tracking).
• Global coverage for each system is generally achieved by a satellite
constellation of 18–30 medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites spread
between several orbital planes.
PROBLEMS IN NAVIGATION IS
HOW TO DETERMINE THE FF:

1. DISTANCE
2. TIME
3. SPEED
4. DIRECTION
5. POSITION
(LATITUDE,LONGITUDE,ALTITUDE)