LATHE

MACHINE
Ayumi Putri Varadita
04211841000005
DEFINITIONS
 Lathe is a machine, which removes the metal from a piece of work to the
required shape and size.
 Lathe is one of the most important machine tools in themetal working
industry. A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating workpiece and a
fixed cutting tool.
 The cutting tool is feed into the workpiece, which rotates about its own axis
causing the workpiece to be formed to the desired shape.
 Lathe machine is also known as “the mother/father of the entire tool
family”
 Function of lathe Lathe is to remove excess material in the form of chips by
rotating the work piece against a stationary cutting tool
LATHE MACHINE PARTS
 HEADSTOCK OF LATHE
MACHINE
The headstock is fixed on the machine and it consists of many
pulleys, lever, spindle, chuck, and gear box.

 Spindle: • Gear box: • Chuck:

The spindle is in the head
box which rotates a shaft
which is connected to the
chuck. This chuck holds a
work piece, so the work
pieces also rotate.
The gear box is in the head
stock which rotates the
chuck at different speeds.
Chuck is used for mounting
of metal pieces which are
not round shape while
having a triangular or
square shape.
TAILSTOCK
 The tailstock is a moveable part
and could be locked. It consists of
a barrel that can move forward and
backward. Barrel consists of a
Dead Centre which is used to
support a work piece.
CARRIAGE
 The carriage is also a movable part which moves on bed ways. It moves on
left and right. It consists of the saddle, cross slide, compound rest, top slide
or tool post and the apron. It is used as mounting and for the position of
tool post.
• Saddle:
The saddle has H shaped. It is on the carriage
which helps cross slide to move back and
forth on the machine.
• Cross slide:
Cross slide is on the carriage and moves on
the saddle. It moves back and forth to give
depth of cut to the metal specimen by using
hand wheel.
• Compound rest:
Compound slide is on the cross slide which
can rotate. It gives support to tool post. It is
used in
taper turning by giving an angle.
• Tool post:
Tool post is on the compound rest and used to
clamp the cutting tool.

• Apron:
The apron is on the front of the saddle
which has hand wheel and levers. It is
used to control the movement of
carriage on the bed.
BED
 The bed is the main part of the machine which is fixed. It gives support to
all parts of machine like Head stock, Tail stock, Carriage etc.
GUIDE WAYS
 Way is machined on bed which is actually the rail and provide the
movement to tailstock and carriage. Guide ways take care of movement of
tail stock and carriage on bed.
LEAD SCREW
 It is a long threaded rod on the bed which provides an automatic feed to
carriage from head stock to tail stock. It is used for giving threads to the work
piece. Lead screw is situated at the bottom side of bed which is used to move
the carriage automatically during thread cutting.
HOW LATHE MACHINE
WORKS
 The lathe machine is prepared and plugged into the socket.
 Electricity is converted into mechanical energy and then rotates the lower
pulleys.
 The lower pulley moves the upper pulley by connecting the belt.
 The upper pulley moves the gear box which then moves the spindle to
rotate the workpiece.
 Then the moving workpiece is slowly eroded by the tool to get the desired
shape.
LATHE MACHINE
PROCESSES
 Turning ( Reduce diameters )
It can be done by giving feed from
tail stock to head stock and by
giving depth of cut.

 Facing ( Reduce Length )

It also used to give finishing along
the face.
It is done by giving feed from
forward to backward (cross slide
movement).
 Turning
The process which is used to remove
excess material from the work piece is
called STEP TURNING. It is done by
giving depth of cut continuously left
and right.

 Taper turning
The process which is used to reduce
diameter along length gradually is
called TAPER TURNING.It is used to
make metal surface inclined at an
angle to a fixed length.It is done by
fixing compound slide on a given angle.
 Knurling:

The process which is used to give straight

lines angled lines and curved lines to a
work the piece is called KNURLING. It is
used to give different patterns on the
fixed length of the work piece. It is done
by knurling tool (having two rollers of
opposite pattern) touching it to work the
piece at low speed.

 Threading:

The process which is used to make

threads is called THREADING. It is used to
make threads of required length and
depth on a work piece. It is done by fixing
tool perpendicular to the axis of work
piece and by giving automatic feed at low
speed.
 Boring:

The process in which material is removed from the inside of work piece is called
BORING. It is used to enlarge the inner diameter of the hole. It is done by using
a tool called boring bar along the axis of the work piece.
 Drilling:

The process which is used to make a cylindrical hole in the work piece is called
DRILLING. It is done by a tool drill bit fixed it on the tail stock revolving against
the revolution of work piece.

 Reaming:

The process which is used to finish already drilled holes in the work piece is
called REAMING. It is also used to enlarge the drilled hole of the work piece. It is
done by using a tool called reamer fixing it on the tail stock like drilling but at
low speed.
DAFTAR PUSAKA
 https://www.kdkce.edu.in/upload//Lathe%20Machine.pdf
 http://theencarta.com/lathe-machine-parts-functions-diagrams-uses/