MEDIA AND INFORMATION

LITERACY (MIL)
 Feed me and I
live, yet give me a
drink and I die
Who am I?
 Feed me and I
live, yet give me a
drink and I die
Who am I?
Fire
What occurs once in every
minute, twice in every
moment, yet never in a
thousand years?
What occurs once in every
minute, twice in every
moment, yet never in a
thousand years?
The letter m
 If you were running a
race and you passed the
person in 2nd place,
what place would you be
in now?
 If you were running a
race and you passed the
person in 2nd place,
what place would you be
in now?
You would be in 2nd
place. You passed the
person in second place,
not first.
 What is information literacy

the ability to recognize

when information is
needed and to locate,
Information
evaluate, effectively
Literacy
use and communicate
information in its
various formats
 What is information?

Data that has been

collected, processed,
Information and interpreted in
order to be presented
in a useable form.
 Guide Questions
• Why do you need information?
• Where do you search for information?
• How do you acquire and store information?
• How will you determine the quality and
accuracy of the information that you have?
• How do you use the information that you have?
• How will you communicate information?
5 Components of Information Literacy
by Seminole State Library
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

1 . Identifying/recognizing information needs

• to be updated with the news, for
learning/education purposes, for
communication, to acquire knowledge
needed for decision-making.
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

2 . Determining sources of information

• internet, television, library, radio,
newspapers, etc.
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

3 . Citing or searching for information

4. Analyzing and evaluating the quality of
information
• It should come from a reputable source,
such as an institution, with authors
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

5. Organizing, storing or archiving information

• write, print, photocopy, photograph,
download, cloud storage, record, external
memory drives, memory cards
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

6. Using information in an ethical, efficient and

effective way
• share, apply, announce, post, archive,
reminder, answer a query, clarify confusion
 Elements of
Information Literacy
The steps through which one
can become information literate.

7. Creating and communicating new knowledge

• announcement, text, post to social media,
face to face session, note, chat, email, save
file
 Activity

• Disaster Scenario
• Explain the scenario to the learners, and have them
answer the matrix below:
• “According to the weather forecast, there is no
typhoon. However, your locality is experiencing heavy
rainfall, while some parts in your province /region are
already flooded. There are reported incidents of
landslide, evacuation, stranded vehicles and
drowning. As a student, what are you going to do?”
Information needs
What information do you need?
Sources of information
Where will you get them?
Access to the information
How will you access them?
Evaluate information
How will you check the quality of information?
Organize information
How will you organize and store them?
Communicate information
How will you create and communicate them?
 How does information
become knowledge?”

Knowledge is the appropriate collection of

information through experience or education,
which could be useful in various situations
“There are times when you need to share information
that you have acquired from various sources written by
different authors. It is inevitable to directly quote their
words in order to preserve their meaning. However,
quoting someone else's words without giving credit to
the author essentially gives an impression that you are
claiming ownership of the words they have said. This is
called plagiarism.”
• Plagiarism: Using other people’s words and ideas without clearly

acknowledging the source of the information.

• Common Knowledge: Facts that can be found in numerous
places and are likely to be widely known.
Example: John F. Kennedy was elected President of the
United States in 1960. This is generally known
information. You do not need to document this fact
• Interpretation: You must document facts that are not
generally known, or ideas that interpret facts.
Example: Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player
ever to have played the game. This idea is not a fact but an
interpretation
• Quotation: Using someone’s words directly. When
you use a direct quote, place the passage between
quotation marks, and document the source according
to a standard documenting style.
Example: According to John Smith in The New
York Times, “37% of all children under the age of 10
live below the poverty line”. You need to cite the
source.
• Paraphrase: Using someone’s ideas, but rephrasing
them in your own words. Although you will use your
own words to paraphrase, you must still acknowledge
and cite the source of the information.
• Plagiarism has legal implications. While ideas
themselves are not copyrightable, the artistic
expression of an idea automatically falls under
copyright when it is created. Under fair use,
small parts may be copied without permission
from the copyright holder. However, even under
fair use - in which you can use some parts of the
material for academic or non-profit purposes -
you must attribute the original source. What is
considered fair use is rather subjective and can
vary from country to country.
 • Strategies in Avoiding
Plagiarism

– Submit your own work for publication. You need

to cite even your own work.
– Put quotation marks around everything that comes
directly from the text and cite the source.
– Paraphrase, but be sure that you are not simply
rearranging or replacing a few words and cite the
source.
– Keep a source journal, a notepad, or note cards-
annotated bibliographies can be especially
beneficial
– Use the style manual in properly citing sources
– Get help from the writing center or library
“State the importance of giving
credit to the source of one’s
work. Elaborate your answer.”
 Activity:
Read and analyze the question carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer.

1. You are guilty of plagiarism if you:

a) Make use of the works of others to gather
information.
b) Use the work of another and misrepresent it
as your own.
c) Make use of the works of others to support
your own arguments.
d) Examine the ideas and arguments of others
to help you shape your own thoughts or
views on a particular issue.
 Activity

2. Drawing information or content from the work of

another without acknowledging the source by citing
a reference is considered to be plagiarism in all of
the following cases except:
a) Using the exact words of the author.
b) Using data that the author has compiled through
his/her independent investigation.
c) Using information from the author's work that is
regarded as common knowledge in the discipline.
d) Reproducing in your paper a chart contained in
the author's work.
 Activity

3. Paraphrasing too closely to the original text, even if you

do credit the source, is still considered as plagiarism
because:
a) By changing a few words or the order of the original
words, you have changed the author's exact words.
b) By not providing the exact words of the author in their
entirety, you are attributing to the author some words
that he/she did not write.
c) You must never use the words of others when you are
using their ideas.
d) You have failed to indicate, by means of direct quotation
marks, which are the exact words of the original.
 Activity

4. You're worried that your paper will look as if all

the ideas come from someone else and appears to
list one reference citation after another. You can
avoid this by:
a) Having your own over-riding argument and
thesis, being analytical, and presenting your
own interpretations of the evidence.
b) Omitting references when you are in doubt
whether you need to reference ideas or
information.
c) Integrating quotes and ideas into the text so
that they fit in with your own words in a
seamless web, and varying the way you
 Activity

5. You have a friend who usually looks over

your papers and together you discuss how
to improve them. Is this plagiarism?
a) Yes, you should never accept help with
the writing of your papers.
b) It's fine to get help from a friend as long
as your discussion is a general one, and
does not involve detailed conceptual or
editorial changes.
 Academic Field Trip
●Identify the information needed – what, where, who,
when, why, how.
●Determine all the possible sources, select the best
sources – the world wide web, travel guide books,
brochures, maps and atlases, tour bureaus, family
members, and friends.
●Locate and find information within the sources –
blogs, travel reviews, posts from social networking
sites, travel features, pictures, stories, and testimonials.
●Extract the best relevant information and cite
pertinent sources
 Sample Data Plan A Plan B
Place / Location / answer and answer and
Destination source source
Activity / Schedule answer and answer and
source source
Best time to visit / Length answer and answer and
of vacation source source
Transportation (type, answer and answer and
budget, schedule, others) source source
Accommodation (type, answer and answer and
budget, schedule, others) source source
Food (type, budget, answer and answer and
schedule, others) source source
Things to bring / Reminders answer and answer and
source source
Other information you may answer and answer and
need source source
Total Budget answer and answer and
source source