PRESENTED BY M.SAI NIKHITH VOWEL – 5th ZX2 ATMOSPHERE
The blanket of air that surrounds the earth is called
atmosphere LAYERS OF ATMOSPHERE 1. Troposphere : It is nearest to the earth’s surface, it extends up to 15 km above the surface of the earth 2. Stratosphere : It lies above the troposphere, it extends up to 50 km above the surface of the earth ATMOSPHERE 3. Mesosphere : It lies above the stratosphere, it extends up to 85-90 km above the surface of the earth 4. Thermosphere : It lies above the mesosphere, it extends to about 500-600 km above the surface of the earth 5. Exosphere : It lies above the thermosphere and fades into space IMPORTANCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
The atmosphere contains OXYGEN, which all living
things need to breathe It also contains CO2, which is used by plants to make food for the living world Atmosphere absorbs heat from sunlight, and prevents the earth from getting overheated Atmosphere contains a layer of a gas called OZONE Sun gives ULTRAVIOLET RAYS, and OZONE layer absorbs these rays and protect all living things on the earth WHAT DOES AIR CONTAIN Air is mixture of gases Air contains NITROGEN – 78% OXYGEN – 21% ARGON and CO2 – 1% It also contains water vapour, dust, smoke The amount of water vapour in air is called HUMIDITY PROPERTIES OF AIR Air occupies space Air is everywhere, but we can not see it, we feel air when the wind blows or fan is on Air has Weight Air exerts pressure Air is needed for Burning Dust, smoke and harmful gases make the air dirty or polluted WATER Three quarters of the earth is covered by water ? Water is found everywhere – in the oceans, lakes, rivers, under the ground and in the sky as water vapour Every living thing on the earth depends on water Water is essential for functioning of the body Our blood is mostly water and it carries oxygen and food to all parts of our body WATER DISSOLVES MANY THINGS Water dissolves many substances. These substances are said to be SOLUBLE in water The substances that do not dissolve in water is said to be INSOLUBLE in water IMPURITIES IN WATER Water which has harmful impurities and disease causing germs must be cleaned before drinking REMOVING INSOLUBLE IMPURTIES Insoluble impurities in water can be removed by the following two methods SEDIMENTATION : The process of removing heavier insoluble impurities from water DECANTATION : The process of separating lighter, clearer water and sediment is left behind FILTRATION : The process of separating the solids from liquids or gases by using a filter medium REMOVING SOLUBLE IMPURTIES Soluble impurities in water can be removed by the following three methods EVAPORATION : The process of a substance in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state with increase in temperature CONDENSATION : The process of a substance in a gaseous state changing in to a liquid state DISTILLATION : The process of purifying a liquid by successive evaporation and condensation methods DRINKING WATER At home, water can be boiled for 15 minutes to kill the germs and then filtered Several types of water PURIFIERS are available in the market for home use ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT can kill the germs as well SCREEENING : water is taken from lakes and rivers and passed through screens that remove large impurities like stones and leaves CHLORINATION : chlorine is added in small quantities to kill the germs before drinking CONCLUSION So, Friends,
With this demo, now we came to know about AIR
and WATER with lots of examples and pictures. THANK YOU