GOOD

DAY
 What is Taxonomy?

Taxonomy is the science of

naming living things.
Linnaeus: The Father of Modern
Taxonomy

 Carolus Linnaeus developed system of

classification – binomial nomenclature

 2 names Latinized (Genus and species)

Scientific Name.
EX: Homo sapiens: wise / thinking man
 Classifying and
Naming Organism
Classifications or Categories:
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Domain

 Eukarya – protists, fungi, plants and animals

 Archaea – which corresponds to the kingdom
Archaebacteria.
 Bacteria – which corresponds to the kingdom
Eubacteria.
Kingdom
 Kingdom Archaebacteria
 Kingdom Eubacteria
 Protist
 Fungi
 Plant Kingdom
 Animal Kingdom
 Archaea Domain:Kingdom Archaebacteria

 Methanogens, halophiles and thermophiles are

examples of archaebacteria.
 An important characteristic of this group is they
produce methane gas. (utilized as biogas)
 Bacteria Domain: Kingdom Eubacteria

 Members of eubacteria are unicellular and

microscopic
 Bacteria are classified according to shape
 Protist

 Phototrophs - produce their own food

Example: “Algae”
 Heterotrophs - feed on other organisms
 Sporozoan - are nonmotile and form spores
 Fungi

 they have no chlorophyll

 saprophytes - feed on decaying matter
 Fungal bodies consist of hyphae with rootlike
rhizoids that attach them to the substrate on
which they grow.
 The Plant Kingdom

 nonvascular plants - do not have tissues to

transport water and food
 vascular plants- those that have transport system
 The Plant Kingdom:
nonvascular plants

 Liverworts, mosses and hornworts are

nonvascular plants
 They are attached to the places where they live
by means of their root-like rhizoids.
The Plant Kingdom:
vascular plants

 with true roots, stems and leaves

 either have seeds or be seedless
Example: “fern”(seedless)
 Vascular plants that have seeds can be
Gymnosperms or Angiosperms
 The Plant Kingdom:
vascular plants

 Gymnosperms - Plants whose seeds are borne in

cones
Example: Conifer plant
 The Plant Kingdom:
vascular plants

 Angiosperms - also called flowering plants since

flowers, as well as fruits, are involved in their
reproduction and development.
 The Animal Kingdom

 Vertebrates - animals with backbones

 Invertebrates - animals without backbone
The Animal Kingdom:
VERTEBRATES

Mammals

 they have mammary glands that produce milk to

nourish their young and most have hair or fur
The Animal Kingdom:
VERTEBRATES
Birds

 presence of wings and feathers, large flight

muscles in the breast bone and reduced weight
 have bills or beaks
The Animal Kingdom:
VERTEBRATES
Reptiles
 are animals that exhibit more adaptations for living
on land
 lay eggs with shells
 they also have smooth or rough scales for
protection from loss of body water.
 The Animal Kingdom:
VERTEBRATES

Amphibians

 means “double life”

 refers to animals that live part in water and part on
land
The Animal Kingdom:
VERTEBRATES

Fishes

 Most have scales for protection, paired fins for

movement and gills for gas exchange.
The Animal Kingdom:
INVERTEBRATES

Echinoderms

 PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
 are found in a marine environment
 marine organisms with spiny skins
The Animal Kingdom:
INVERTEBRATES

Arthropods

 PHYLUM ARTHOPODA
 they have a pair of 3 or more jointed legs
The Animal Kingdom:
INVERTEBRATES

Mollusks

 3. PHYLUM MOLLUSKA
 are soft-bodied invertebrates with most of them
covered by a shell.
 “Biologists have identified and
named approximately 8.7 million
species so far”