STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF

TREATED AND UNTREATED

NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED EPOXY
HYBRID COMPOSITES
ME6811-PROJECT WORK DATE:10/04/2017
submitted by
ABHILASH K. M - 420913114002
AJU P.BENNY - 420913114007
JEEVAN JOSE.C - 420913114043
G. NANDHAKUMAR - 420913114067

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MR. D.SENTHILNATHAN, M .E

Department of Mechanical Engineering,

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 CONTENT
1.OBJECTIVES
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3.EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
4.TESTING METHOD
5.RESULT AND ANALYSIS
6.CONCLUSION
7.REFERENCE
8.ANNEXURE
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 OBJECTIVE
1. To develop a new class of natural fiber based polymer composites to explore the
potential of jute and banana fibers.
2. To fabricate the different composite by varying the fiber and matrix composition.
3. To fabricate the hybrid composite by using banana fiber, jute fiber and glass fiber
as a reinforcement and Unsaturated epoxy resin as a matrix material.
4. To study the effect of chemical treatment on mechanical behaviour of natural fiber
reinforced polymer matrix based composites.
5. To Evaluate mechanical properties such as: Tensile strength, Flexural strength
,Impact strength.
6. To compare the results between different composites.
7. To discuss the results obtained from the experimentation and finally to conclude the
performance of composites about its characteristics for various applications.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
S.NO AUTHOR TITLE JOURNAL NAME YEAR DATA COLLECTED
NAME
1 M.Ramkumar Fabrication and IJIRST VOL-3 2016 When designed properly
mechanical testing of natural fiber composite
natural (jute) fiber shows enhanced power
composite material than would each material.

2 Pradeep kumar Mechanical behaviour of AIMTDR VOL-2 2014 Polymer reinforced natural
jute fiber reinforced composite is the best
polymer composite natural composite for
manufaturing of
automotive seat shell with
the combination of jute
fiber.
3 p.v. senthil Studies on material and IJES VOL-3 2014 Natural fiber –matrix
mechanical properties of combinaions and their
natural fiber reinforced bonding structures was
composite characterised through
analysis.
4 Raul Fangueiro Banana fiber – vriability JEFF VOL-3 2008 The combination of
and fracture behaviour banana fiber matrix to be
improve mechanical
property.

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S.NO AUTHOR TITLE JOURNAL YEAR DATA COLLECTED
NAME NAME
5 A. Atiqah Development of kenaf-glass FRGS-vol 04 2014 The flexural strength of the
reinforced unsaturated kenaf-glass hybrid composite
polyester hybrid for treated 15% composition
composite for structural (15/15 v/v) showed a higher
value of flexural, tensile and
applications impact strength compared to
other formulations due to
mainly mercerization process.
6 M. R. Studies on Mechanical JMMCE-VOL 01 2016 The tensile, flexural and
Sanjay Properties of Impact properties of pineapple
Jute/E-Glass Fiber Reinforced leaf fiber and sisal reinforced
Epoxy polyester composites are
improved by the incorporation
Hybrid Composites of a small amount of glass
fibers in these composites,
showing positive hybrid effect.

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 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

• The polymer matrix used is

epoxy resin .
• The hybrid composite is
fabricated in which the natural
fibers are treated using stearic
acid and another one without
treating.
• Our hybrid composite are
perfectly done through hand
lay-up method.
• We are completed our
fabrication work.
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 METHODOLOGY

• The fabrication is done by hand lay-up method.

• Here we are using three type of fibers which are Jute, Glass
and Banana fiber .
• A mould is prepared using polyester sheet and silicon rubber .
• The polymer matrix used is epoxy resin .
• The hybrid composite is fabricated in which the natural fibers
are treated using stearic acid and another one without
treating.
• After fabrication the samples are taken for test.

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 COMPOSITION
• Banana fiber = 48 grams
• Jute fiber = 42 grams
• Glass fiber = 72 grams

Epoxy resin = 100ml

Hardner = 10ml

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FABRICATION PROCESS

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 TESTING METHOD
1.Tensile test (120×12.5×3) in mm.
2. Flexural test (130×12.5×3) in mm.
3. Impact test (76×13×3) in mm.
The details of processing of the composites and the a. Banana fibre
experimental procedures followed for their
characterization and behaviour evaluation. The
raw materials used in this work are:
1.Banana Fiber
b. Jute fibre
2.Jute Fiber
3.Glass Fiber
4.Epoxy Resin

C. Glass fibre

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Tensile Test
Flexural Test

Impact
Department Test Engineering,
of Mechanical
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 Test report
Party’s Name : Abhilash k.m ,Aju.p.benny ,Jeevan jose.c , G. Nandha kumar Date: 22.02.2017
No. Of Samples: 36 Samples.
Test Required : Tensile, Flexural & Impact Test.
Fiber length Volume fraction Untreated(Peak load in KN) Treated(Peak load in
KN)
Tensile B-G-J 0.151 0.161
Tensile J-G 0.153 0.168
Tensile B-G 0.148 0.159
Tensile G 0.256 0.256
Tensile B 0.121 0.131
Tensile J 0.132 0.139
       
Flexural B-G-J 0.417 0.421
Flexural J-G 0.417 0.421
Flexural B-G 0.397 0.443
Flexural G 0.216 0.126
Flexural B 0.132 0.139
Flexural J 0.141 0.145
       
Impact B-G-J 1.5Jule 1.5Jule
Impact J-G 1.1Jule 1.31Jule
Impact B-G 1.5Jule 1.5Jule
Impact G 3.5Jule 3.5Jule
Impact B 1.0Jule 1.0Jule
Impact J 1.0Jule 1.0Jule

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 CALCULATION
Calculation

Formula
 
1. TENSILE STRENGTH
Tensile strength = load(P) /area (A)
Area =length(L) / {breadth(B) * thickness(T)}
2. FLEXURAL
Flexural
={3*Load(P)*Length(L)}/{2*breadth(B)*thickness2(t)}

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TENSILE STRENGTH

 
Tensile=Load /Area
Area =Breadth(B)×Thickness(t)
=(12.5×3)
=37.5mm2
Banana –Glass-Jute (Un Treated)
Tensile strength =Load /Area
=0.151/37.5
=0.0040 KN/ mm2
Banana –Glass-Jute (Treated)

Tensile strength= Load /Area

=0.161/37.5
=0.0043 KN/ mm2

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Glass-Jute (Un Treated)

Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.153/37.5
=0.00041 KN/ mm2
Glass-Jute ( Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.168/37.5
=0.0045KN/ mm2
Banana –Glass (Un Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.148/37.5
=0.0039 KN/ mm2

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Banana –Glass ( Treated)

Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.159/37.5
=0.0042 KN/ mm2
Glass (Un Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.256/37.5
=0.0068KN/ mm2
 
 

Glass ( Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.256/37.5
=0.0068 KN/ mm2

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Banana (Un Treated)

Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.121/37.5
=0.0032 KN/ mm2 Banana ( Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.131/37.5
=0.0035 KN/ mm2
Jute (Un Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.132/37.5
=0.0035 KN/ mm2
Jute ( Treated)
Tensile strength= Load /Area
=0.139/37.5
=0.0037 KN/ mm2
 

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 FLEXURAL

Flexural ={3*Load(P)*Length(L)}/{2*breadth(B)*thickness(t)2}
=3PL/2BT2
Banana-glass-jute(un treated)

=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0417*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.07227 KN/ mm2
 

Banana-glass-jute(treated)

=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0421*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.07297 KN/ mm2

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glass-jute(un treated)

=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0417*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.07227 KN/ mm2
Jute – glass (treated)

=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0421*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.07297 KN/ mm2
Banana –Glass (un treated)
=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0397*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.06881 KN/ mm2

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Banana –Glass ( treated)
=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0443*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.07679 KN/ mm2
Glass (un treated)
=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0216*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.03744 KN/ mm2
Glass ( treated)
=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0216*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.03744 KN/ mm2
Banana (un treated)
=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0132*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.02288 KN/ mm2

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Banana ( treated)

=3pL/2BT2

=(3*0.0139*130)/(2*12.5*9)

=0.02609 KN/ mm2

Jute (un treated)

=3pL/2BT2
=(3*0.0141*130)/(2*12.5*9)

=0.02444 KN/ mm2

Jute ( treated)
=3pL/2BT2

=(3*0.0145*130)/(2*12.5*9)
=0.02513 KN/ mm2

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 TENSILE
material untreated Treated
B-G-J 0.0040 0.0043
B-G 0.0039 0.0042
J-G 0.0041 0.0045
G 0.0068 0.0068
B 0.0032 0.0035
J 0.0040 0.0043

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 FLEXURAL

MATERIAL UNTREATED TREATED

B-G-J 0.0722 0.0729
B-G 0.0688 0.0767
J-G 0.0722 0.0729
0.09
G 0.0374 0.0374 0.08
B 0.0228 0.0261 0.07
J 0.0244 0.0251 0.06

0.05
untreated
0.04 treated
0.03

0.02

0.01

0
B-G-J B-G J-G G B J

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 IMPACT

material untreate treated

d
4
B-G-J 1.5 1.5 3.5
B-G 1.1 1.31
3
J-G 1.5 1.5
2.5
G 3.5 3.5
B 1 1 2 untreated
treated
J 1 1 1.5

0.5

0
B-G-J B-G J-G G B J

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 Conclusion
• Polymer composite materials are used for engineering
applications under hard working conditions .
• Composites based on banana and Jute fibers have
very good potential use in the various sectors like
construction, automotive, machinery etc.
• The natural fibre hybrid composites shows more
strength under less weight.
• The treated hybrid composites having more
mechanical properties than untreated .

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 REFERENCE
• Paul Wambua, Jan Ivens, Ignaas Verpoest, (2003), “Natural fibers: can they replace glass in
fiber reinforce plastics?” Journal of Composite Science and technology, 63, 2003, 1259-
1264.
• Shakila Umair, (2006),”Environmental effect of fiber composite materials-Study of Life
cycle assessment of materials used for ship structure”, M.S Thesis Dissertation, Royal
Institute of Technology, Stockholm.
• Ketty Bilba, Marie-Ange Arsene, Alex Quesanga, (2007),”Study of banana and coconut
fibers: Botanical Composition, thermal degradation and textural observation”, Journal of
Bioresource Technology, v98:58-68.
• N.Sgriccia, M.C.Hawley, M.Mishra, (2008),”Characterization of natural fibers surfaces and
natural fiber composites”, Composites: Part A, v 39:1632-1637.
• Pothan LA, Thomas S, Neelakantan NR. Short banana fiberreinforced polyester
composites: mechanical, failure and agingcharacteristics. J Reinf Plast Comp 1997; 16:744.
• Geethamam V.G. Reethama.J Thomas .S (1995), “Short coir fiber reinforced natural rubber
composites: Effect of fiber length, orientation and alkali treatment”, Journal of Applied
Polymer Science, New York, v55: 583-594.

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 THANKING YOU …….
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