SMS & SMSC

Presented By:
AJAY CHAUHAN
SMS Overview
 SMS stands for Short Message Service

 SMS is the ability to send and receive short alphanumeric

messages to and from mobile telephones.
 SMS works on store and forward method

 Besides text, SMS messages can also carry binary data. It is

possible to send ringtones, pictures, operator logos, wallpapers,
animations, business cards and WAP configurations to a mobile
phone with SMS messages.
SMS Overview
 One SMS message can contain at most 140 bytes (1120 bits) of
data, so one SMS message can contain up to:
 160 characters if 7-bit character encoding is used (suitable for encoding

Latin characters like English alphabets.)

 70 characters if 16-bit Unicode UCS2 character encoding is used (SMS text

messages containing non-Latin characters like Chinese)

 SMS text messaging supports languages internationally lie

Arabic, Chinese, Japanese and Korean.
Concatenated/Long SMS
 One SMS message can only carry a very limited amount of
data. To overcome this drawback, an extension called
concatenated SMS
 A concatenated SMS text message can contain more than 160
English characters.
 The sender's mobile phone breaks down a long message into
smaller parts and sends each of them as a single SMS
message.
 The recipient mobile phone will combine them back to one
long message.
SMSC Overview
 SMSC stands for Short message service center

 SMSC is a network element in the mobile telephone network

which delivers short messages (SMS)
 SMSC works on store and forward principle i.e. when a user
sends a text message to another user, the message gets stored
in the SMSC which delivers it to the destination user when
destined user is available.
SMSC Overview
An SMS center (SMSC) is responsible for handling the SMS operations of a
wireless network.

 When an SMS message is sent from a mobile phone, it will reach an SMS

center first.

 The SMS center then forwards the SMS message towards the destination.

 The main duty of an SMSC is to route SMS messages and regulate the

process. If the recipient is unavailable the SMSC will store the SMS message.

 It will forward the SMS message when the recipient is available.

Network Architecture
SMS technical realization
 The SMS is realized by the use of the Mobile Application Part
(MAP) of the SS#7 protocol
 These MAP messages may be transported using 'traditional'
TDM based signaling, or over IP using SIGTRAN and an
appropriate adaptation layer.
 SMS on Store and forward technique.
SMS Call Flow
 Basic SMS Call Flow :

 End to end SMS transaction completes in 2 parts :

 Message submission by originating subscriber to its SMSC

(Mobile Originating Part)
 Message delivery by SMSC to recipient Subscriber (Mobile
terminating Part)
SMS Call Flow
MO-SM Submit
 The SM is sent from the originating Mobile Station (MS) to the
serving Mobile Switching Center (MSC). The address of the
SMSC where the SM should be submitted to is stored on the
SIM card of the subscriber and forwarded to the MSC with the
message.
 The MSC forwards the SM to the SMSC. The SMSC returns a
positive (ACK) or negative (NACK) response indicating whether
the message was successfully stored of not.
MT-SM Deliver
 To delivers a SM SMSC has to find out the location (serving MSC) and
the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) of the recipient
subscriber first. This information (routing information) is retrieved from
the Home Location Register (HLR) of the recipient subscriber based on
the recipient number (MSISDN).
 HLR Provides routing Information to SMSC, which includes IMSI and
serving MSC of recipient number.
 Based on routing information SMSC delivers SM to the serving MSC and
MSC forwards it to the recipient Mobile Station.