MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

1
 7.1 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD - AN OVERVIEW

• 7.1 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD - AN OVERVIEW

• 7.2 INTRODUCTION
• 7.3 STATEMENT OF BASIC PRINCIPLES
• 7.4 SOME BASIC DEFINITIONS
• 7.5 SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS
• 7.6 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR STRUCTURES HAVING
NONPRISMATIC MEMBERS

2
 7.2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD -
INTRODUCTION AND BASIC PRINCIPLES
7.1 Introduction
(Method developed by Prof. Hardy Cross in 1932)
The method solves for the joint moments in continuous beams and
rigid frames by successive approximation.

7.2 Statement of Basic Principles

Consider the continuous beam ABCD, subjected to the given loads,
as shown in Figure below. Assume that only rotation of joints
occur
at B, C and D, and that no support displacements occur at B, C and
D. Due to the applied loads in spans AB, BC and CD, rotations occur
at B, C and D. 150 kN
15 kN/m 10 kN/m
3m

A B C D
I I I
8m 6m 8m
3
 In order to solve the problem in a successively approximating manner,
it can be visualized to be made up of a continued two-stage problems
viz., that of locking and releasing the joints in a continuous sequence.

7.2.1 Step I
The joints B, C and D are locked in position before any load is applied
on the beam ABCD; then given loads are applied on the beam. Since
the joints of beam ABCD are locked in position, beams AB, BC and CD
acts as individual and separate fixed beams, subjected to the applied
loads; these loads develop fixed end moments.

-80 kN.m 15 kN/m -80 kN.m -112.5kN.m 10 kN/m

112.5 kN.m -53.33 kN.m 53.33 kN.m
150 kN
3m
A B C
8m B C D
6m 8m

4
 In beam AB
Fixed end moment at A = -wl2/12 = - (15)(8)(8)/12 = - 80 kN.m
Fixed end moment at B = +wl2/12 = +(15)(8)(8)/12 = + 80 kN.m

In beam BC
Fixed end moment at B = - (Pab2)/l2 = - (150)(3)(3)2/62
= -112.5 kN.m
Fixed end moment at C = + (Pa2b)/l2 = + (150)(3)(3)2/62
= + 112.5 kN.m

In beam AB
Fixed end moment at C = -wl2/12 = - (10)(8)(8)/12 = - 53.33 kN.m
Fixed end moment at D = +wl2/12 = +(10)(8)(8)/12 = + 53.33kN.m

5
 7.2.2 Step II

Since the joints B, C and D were fixed artificially (to compute the the fixed-
end moments), now the joints B, C and D are released and allowed to rotate.
Due to the joint release, the joints rotate maintaining the continuous nature
of the beam. Due to the joint release, the fixed end moments on either side
of joints B, C and D act in the opposite direction now, and cause a net
unbalanced moment to occur at the joint.

150 kN
15 kN/m 10 kN/m
3m

A B C D
I I I
8m 6m 8m

Released moments -80.0 +112.5 -112.5 +53.33 -53.33

Net unbalanced moment -53.33
+32.5 -59.17
6
 7.2.3 Step III

These unbalanced moments act at the joints and modify the joint moments
at B, C and D, according to their relative stiffnesses at the respective joints.
The joint moments are distributed to either side of the joint B, C or D,
according to their relative stiffnesses. These distributed moments also
modify the moments at the opposite side of the beam span, viz., at joint A in
span AB, at joints B and C in span BC and at joints C and D in span CD. This
modification is dependent on the carry-over factor (which is equal to 0.5 in
this case); when this carry over is made, the joints on opposite side are
assumed to be fixed.
7.2.4 Step IV
The carry-over moment becomes the unbalanced moment at the joints to
which they are carried over. Steps 3 and 4 are repeated till the carry-over
or distributed moment becomes small.
7.2.5 Step V
Sum up all the moments at each of the joint to obtain the joint
moments.
7
 7.3 SOME BASIC DEFINITIONS
In order to understand the five steps mentioned in section 7.3, some
words need to be defined and relevant derivations made.

7.3.1 Stiffness and Carry-over Factors

Stiffness = Resistance offered by member to a unit displacement or rotation at

a point, for given support constraint conditions

MA MB A clockwise moment MA is
A B
applied at A to produce a +ve
A A bending in beam AB. Find A and
MB .
RA RB
L
E, I – Member properties
8
 Using method of consistent deformations

MA
A fAA
B B
A L L
A

1
M A L2 
L3
A   f AA
3EI
2 EI

Applying the principle of

consistent
deformation, 3M
 A  R A f AA  0  R A   A 
2L
M A L R A L2 M A L 4 EI M A 4 EI
A    M A   A ; hence k  
EI 2 EI 4 EI L A L
Stiffness factor = k = 4EI/L
9
 Considering moment MB,

MB + MA + R A L = 0
MB = MA/2= (1/2)MA
Carry - over Factor = 1/2

7.3.2 Distribution Factor

Distribution factor is the ratio according to which an externally applied
unbalanced moment M at a joint is apportioned to the various members
mating at the joint

+ ve moment M M
A B MBC C
A C
MBA
I2
I1 B MBD
L2
L1 I3
At joint B
L3
M - MBA-MBC-MBD = 0
D D 10
i.e., M = MBA + MBC + MBD

 4 E1 I1   4 E2 I 2   4 E3 I 3 
         B
 L1   L2   L3 
  K BA  K BC  K BD  B
M M
 B  
 K BA  K BC  K BD   K
 K BA 
M BA  K BA B    M  ( D.F ) BA M
K 
 
Similarly
 K 
M BC   BC  M  ( D.F ) BC M
K 
 
 K BD 
M BD   M  ( D.F ) BD M
K 
 

11
7.3.3 Modified Stiffness Factor
The stiffness factor changes when the far end of the beam is simply-
supported.

MA A

A B

L
RA RB

As per earlier equations for deformation, given in Mechanics of Solids

text-books.
M AL
A 
3EI
M 3EI  3  4 EI 
K AB  A    
A L  4  L 
3
 ( K AB ) fixed
4 12
 7.4 SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS -

7.4.1 Solve the previously given problem by the moment distribution

method
7.4.1.1: Fixed end moments
wl 2 (15)(8) 2
M AB   M BA     80 kN .m
12 12
wl (150)(6)
M BC   M CB     112 .5 kN .m
8 8
wl 2 (10)(8) 2
M CD   M DC     53.333 kN .m
12 12

7.4.1.2 Stiffness Factors (Unmodified Stiffness)

4EI ( 4)(EI)
K K    0.5EI
AB BA L 8
4EI ( 4)( EI)
K BC  K CB    0.667EI
L 6
 4EI  4
K CD     EI  0.5EI
 8  8
4EI
K DC   0.5EI
8
13
7.4.1.3 Distribution Factors

K BA 0.5EI
DF    0.0
AB K K 0.5   (wall stiffness )
BA wall
K 0.5EI
DFBA  BA
  0.4284
K K 0.5EI  0.667EI
BA BC
K BC 0.667EI
DF    0.5716
BC K BA  K BC 0.5EI  0.667EI
K 0.667EI
DF  CB
  0.5716
CB K K 0.667EI  0.500EI
CB CD
K CD 0.500EI
DF    0.4284
CD K CB  K CD 0.667EI  0.500EI
K DC
DF   1.00
DC K DC

14
7.4.1.4 Moment Distribution Table
Joint A B C D
Member AB BA BC CB CD DC
Distribution Factors 0 0.4284 0.5716 0.5716 0.4284 1
Computed end moments -80 80 -112.5 112.5 -53.33 53.33
Cycle 1
Distribution 13.923 18.577 -33.82 -25.35 -53.33
Carry-over moments 6.962 -16.91 9.289 -26.67 -12.35
Cycle 2
Distribution 7.244 9.662 9.935 7.446 12.35
Carry-over moments 3.622 4.968 4.831 6.175 3.723
Cycle 3
Distribution -2.128 -2.84 -6.129 -4.715 -3.723
Carry-over moments -1.064 -3.146 -1.42 -1.862 -2.358
Cycle 4
Distribution 1.348 1.798 1.876 1.406 2.358
Carry-over moments 0.674 0.938 0.9 1.179 0.703
Cycle 5
Distribution -0.402 -0.536 -1.187 -0.891 -0.703

Summed up -69.81 99.985 -99.99 96.613 -96.61 0

moments
15
 7.4.1.5 Computation of Shear Forces

15 kN/m 10 kN/m
150 kN

B C
A D
I I I
8m 3m 3m 8m

Simply-supported 60 60 75 75 40 40
reaction
End reaction
due to left hand FEM 8.726 -8.726 16.665 -16.67 12.079 -12.08

End reaction
due to right hand FEM -12.5 12.498 -16.1 16.102 0 0

Summed-up 56.228 63.772 75.563 74.437 53.077 27.923

moments

16
 7.4.1.5 Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams

52.077
75.563
2.792 m
56.23

27.923
3.74 m 74.437
63.77

S. F. D.
Mmax=+38.985 kN.m
Max=+ 35.59 kN.m
126.704 31.693
35.08

48.307
-69.806 3.74 m
84.92 98.297 2.792 m

-99.985 -96.613
17
B. M. D
Simply-supported bending moments at center of span

Mcenter in AB = (15)(8)2/8 = +120 kN.m

Mcenter in BC = (150)(6)/4 = +225 kN.m

Mcenter in AB = (10)(8)2/8 = +80 kN.m

18
Problem: Draw the shear
and elastic diagram for the
in fig. by MDM due to
downward and a clockwise
support D. Given data
E=200X106KN/m2
force, bending moment
continuous beam shown
settlement of 12 mm
rotation of 0.002 rad at
I= 200X10-5 m4 and
19
Solution
20
Settlement:
•MCD
  MDC
*∆
* 0.012
800 KN-m

21
 Rotation:
•  
MDC *DC
* 0.012
533.33 KN-m

MCDMDC
KN-m

22
FIXED END MOMENT:

MDC =-800 KN-m

MDC =+533.33 KN-m
 MDC=-266.67 KN-m
 
MCD =-800 KN-m
MCD =+266.66 KN-m
 MCD=-533.33 KN-m
23
Stiffness Factors:
•K   = K = K = K = K =K =
AB BA BC CB CD DC

=
= 0.667EI

24
Distribution Factors:
•DF  AB==

DFBA==
DFBC==
DFCB==
DFCD==
DFDC==

25
 Moment Distribution table
Joint A B C D
Member AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0
Cycle-1 FEM 0 0 0 0 -533.33 -266.67
Balance 0 0 0 +266.66 +266.66 0
Cycle-2 C.O.M 0 0 +133.33 0 0 +133.33
Balance 0 -66.66 -66.66 0 0 0
Cycle-3 C.O.M -33.33 0 0 -33.33 0 0
Balance +33.33 0 0 +16.66 +16.66 0
Cycle-4 C.O.M 0 +16.66 +8.33 0 0 +8.33
Balance 0 -12.495 -12.495 0 0 0
Cycle-5 C.O.M -6.25 0 0 -6.25 0 0
Balance +6.25 0 0 +3.125 +3.125 0
Cycle-6 C.O.M 0 +3.125 +1.56 0 0 +1.56
Balance 0 -2.34 -2.34 0 0 0
Cycle-7 C.O.M -1.17 0 0 -1.17 0 0
Balance +1.17 0 0 0.585 +0.585 0
Cycle-8 C.O.M 0 +0.585 0.3 0 0 +0.3
Balance 0 - 0.44 -0.44 0 0 0
∑M   0 -61.57 +61.58 +246.28 -246.3 -123.15
26
Reaction Finding:
 
Consider member AB
MA = 0 (+)
=> -RB1*6 – 61.583 + 0 = 0
=> RB1 = -10.26 KN
 RB1 = 10.26 KN(↓)
 

∑Fy = 0(↑+)
=> RA + RB1 = 0
 RA = 10.26 KN
 

27
Consider member BC

∑MB = 0 (+)
=> -RC1*6 + 246.28 + 61.562 = 0
RC1 = 51.307 KN
 
∑Fy = 0(↑+)
=> RC1 + RB2 = 0
=> RB2 = -51.307 KN
 RB2 = 51.307 KN(↓)

28
Consider member CD

∑MC = 0 (+)
=> -RD*6 -123.145 -246.28 = 0
=> RD = -61.57 KN
RD = 61.57 KN(↓)
 
∑Fy = 0(↑+)
=> RC2 + RD = 0
RC2 = 61.57 KN

29
Actual Reaction

RA = 10.26 KN
RB = RB1 + RB2 = -10.26 -51.307
= 61.567 KN(↓)
RC = RC1 + RC2 = 51.307 + 61.57 = 112.87 KN
RD = 61.57 KN(↓)

30
SFD, BMD & Elastic Curve

31
Analyzing the rigid frame from figure using moment
distribution method without sidesway.
10k

B
D C
I I

10'

A
6' 10'
Solution:
F.E.M due to the applied load:
MBD = +(10×6) = +60 k-ft
32
32
Stiffness:

KAB = KBA = (4EI/L)AB = (4EI/L)BA

= (4 × E × 3I)/10
= 12EI / 10
= 1.2EI
KBC = KCB = (4EI/L)BC = (4EI/L)CB
= (4 × E × I)/10
= 0.4EI
KBD = KDB = O

33
Distribution Factors:

DFAB = KAB/(KAB + Kwall)

= 1.2KI/(1.2EI + α)
=0
DFBA = KBA/(KBA + KBC + KBD)
=1.2EI/(1.2EI + 0.4EI + 0)
= 0.75
DFCB = KCB/(KCB + Kwall)
=0
DFBC = KBC/(KBC + KBA + KBD)
= 0.4EI/(0.4EI + 1.2EI + 0)
= 0.25
DFBD = DFDB = 0
34
 Moment Distribution Table

Joint A B C
Member AB BA BC BD CB
Stiffness 1.2EI 1.2EI 0.4EI 0 0.4EI
DF 0 0.75 0.25 0 0
FEM 0 0 0 +60 0
Balance 0 - 45 - 15 0 0
CO - 22.5 0 0 0 - 7.5
Balance 0 0 0 0 0
∑ - 22.5 - 45 - 15 + 60 - 7.5

35
 10k

B 7.5
D C
60 15

45

10'
22.5

6' 10'

36
 10K
B
D
60
RB1 = 10k
6'

For DB Span:
RB1 = 10K

37
For AB Span:
RB2 = 6.75k
B
∑MB = 0 ( +) 45

Þ RA × 10 – 45 – 22.5 = 0 10'

... RA = 6.75 k
22.5

∑ Fx = 0 ( +)
A RA = 6.75k
Þ RB2 – RA = 0
... RBh = 6.75 K

38
For span BC:

∑MB = 0 ( +)
Þ RC × 10 – 7.5 – 15 = 0
7.5
... RC = 2.25 k B C
15

RB3 = 2.25k 10' RC = 2.25k

∑FX = 0 ( +)
Þ RB2 – RC = 0
... RB2 = 2.25 k

39
RA = 6.75 k
RBh = 6.75 k
RB = 10k + 2.25 k = 12.25k
RC = 2.25 k 2.25 2.25
RD =D -10k B
C
6.75
10

6.75

SFD

40
MAB = - 22.5
MBA = - 45
MBD = +60
MBC = -15
7.5
MCB = - 7.5
+
D 45 B C
-
15
60
+

-
A
22.5

BMD

41
 Some Definitions of MDM:
• Stiffness Factor: is defined as the moment at the near
end to cause a unit rotation at the near end when the
far end is fixed. That means how many load required
for one unit deflection.
• Carry-over factor: is defined as the ratio of the
moment at the fixed far end to the moment at the
rotation near end.(the number + 0.5 is the carry over
factor)
• Distribution factor: which may be defined as the
fractions by which the total unbalanced at the joint is
to be distributed to the member ends meeting at the
joint. 42
Condition of sidesway:

 Unsymmetrical 2-D frame in both direction

 Unsymmetrical cross sectional properties
 Unsymmetrical loading condition
 Unsymmetrical support settlement and rotation
 Symmetrical frame with symmetrical cross-sectional
properties and symmetrical vertical loading but joint
translation due to lateral loading

43
 Steps of Solution:
• Step-01:Find fixed end moment due to applied load
• Step-02:Find fixed end moment due to sidesway
• Step-03:Find stiffness factors
• Step-04:Find distribution factors
• Step-05: Table of finding moment due to applied load
and sidesway
• Step-06: Find the support reaction
• Step-07: Calculate the total moment using factor (K)
• Step-08: Draw SFD,BMD and Elastic Curve

44
PROBLEM: Analyze the rigid frame shown in figure-01 by
the Moment Distribution Method(MDM). Draw shear and
Moment diagrams. Sketch the deformed structure.
24k
B C
A 3I 3I
2I 8’
2I F
20’ 16’
2I E

D
8’ 8’ 16’

Fig-01
45
Step- 01: Fixed End Moment due to Applied load

24k
B C
A 3I 3I
MAB MBA
8’
2I
2I 16’
2I 20’
F

D
8’ 8’ 16’
46
Fig-02
Step -02: Fixed End Moment due to Sides ways

∆ ∆
B
A
MAD MBE ∆
C

2I 2I MCF
16 ´
20 ´ 8'
2I
MFC

MEB
F

MDA
D Fig-03
47
Step-3: Stiffness Factor

48
Step-4:Distribution Factors

49
 Step-05:Moment Distribution Table(Applied Load case)

JOINT D A B C F E
Member DA AD AB BA BE BC CB CF FC EB
D.F 0 0.35 0.65 0.375 0.25 0.375 0.43 0.57 0 0
F.E.M 0 0 -48 48 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance 0 16.8 31.2 -18 -12 -18 0 0 0 0
C.O 8.4 0 -9 15.6 0 0 -9 0 0 -6
Balance 0 3.15 5.85 -5.85 -3.9 -5.85 3.87 5.13 0 0
C.O 1.57 0 -2.925 2.95 0 1.935 -2.925 0 2.565 -1.95

Balance 0 1.02 1.90 -1.82 -1.215 -1.823 1.258 1.667 0 0

∑M 9.97 20.97 -20.97 40.85 -17.11 -23.738 -6.797 6.797 2.57 -7.95

50
 Step-05:Moment Distribution Table(Sides way case)
JOINT D A B C F E
Member DA AD AB BA BE BC CB CF FC EB
D.F 0 0.35 0.65 0.375 0.25 0.375 0.43 0.57 0 0
F.E.M -30 -30 0 0 -46.87 0 0 -187.5 -187.5 -46.87

Balance 0 10.5 19.5 17.58 11.72 17.58 80.62 106.87 0 0

C.O 5.25 0 8.79 9.75 0 40.31 8.79 0 53.44 5.86

Balance 0 -3.08 -5.71 -18.77 -12.52 -18.77 -3.78 -5.01 0 0

C.O -1.54 0 -9.38 -2.855 0 -1.89 -9.385 0 -2.5 -6.26

Balance O 3.28 6.1 1.78 1.19 1.78 4.04 5.35 0 0

∑M -26.29 -19.3 19.3 7.485 46.48 39.01 80.29 -80.29 -136.56 -47.27

51
 Step-6: MAD
A
Now, HD+HE+HF=0--------(i)
20’
So, HD=−(MAD+MDA)/20
M DA
= −[M’AD+KM”AD+M’DA+KM”DA]/20 H D
D

= −[20.97+K(−19.3)+9.975+K(-26.29)]/20
M B
=2.28K −1.55 BE

HE=−(MEB+MBE)/16 16’

= −[M’EB+KM”EB+M’BE+KM”BE]/16 H E
M EB

= −[− 7.95+K(−47.275)+(−17.115)+K(-46.485)]/16E
=1.567+5.86K

52
HF=−(MCF+MFC)/8
= −[M’CF+KM”CF+M’FC+KM”FC]/20 C
MCF
= −[6.797+K(−80.29)+2.57+K(−136.56)]/8
=27.11K −1.17 8’
F

MFC
HF
Putting these value in equation (i)
2.28K −1.55+1.567+5.86K+27.11K −1.17=0
Þ −1.153+35.25K=0
Þ K=0.0327

53
 Step-07:Moment Calculation
By using value of k
MDA=9.975+(0.0327× −26.29)=9.11 K.ft
MAD=20.97+(0.0327× −19.3)=20.34 K.ft
MAB= − 20.97+(0.0327× 19.3)= − 20.34 K.ft
MBA= 40.852+(0.0327× 7.485)= 41.1K.ft
MBE= −17.115+(0.0325 ×-46.485)=-18.64 K.ft
MEB= − 7.95+(0.0327× -47.275)= − 9.5 K.ft
MBC= − 23.738+(0.0327× 39.01)= − 22.46 K.ft
MCB= − 6.797+(0.0327× 80.29)= − 4.17 K.ft
MCF= 6.797+(0.0327× − 80.29)= 4.17 K.ft
MFC= 2.57+(0.0327× − 136.56)= -1.9 K.ft
54
Step-08:
24k 22.4 4.17
20.3 41.1
A 4 B 6 C
4.17
3I 3I
20.34 18.64
8’
2I
2I 16’
2I 20’ 1.9

9.5
F
9.11
E

D 8’ 8’ 16’

55
Reaction Calculation:
A
For member AD: HA
20.34
∑MA=0 +
Þ 20.34+9.11-HD×20=0 20ft

Þ HD= 1.47 ( )
∑FX =0 ( +) 9.11

Þ -HA+HD=0
HD
Þ HA=1.47 ( ) D

56
Reaction Calculation:
For member BE: HA B

∑MB=0 + 18.64

Þ -18.64-9.5+HE×16=0
16ft
Þ HE= 1.76 ( )
∑FX =0 ( +)
9.5
Þ -HE+HB=0
Þ HB=1.76 (
HD
)
E

57
Reaction Calculation:
For member CF: HC C

∑MC=0 + 4.17
Þ 4.17-1.9+HF×8=0
Þ HF= -0.28 = 0.28 ( ) 8ft
∑FX =0 ( +)
Þ HC-HF=0
Þ HC-(-0.28)=0 1.9

Þ HC=-0.28 HF

SO, HC= 0.28( ) F

58
Reaction Calculation:
For member AB: VB
24
∑MA=0 + 20.34 41.1
Þ -20.34+41.1+(24×8)+VB×16=0 A B
Þ VB= -13.3
Þ VB1= 13.3 ( ) VA
8ft 8ft

∑FY =0 ( +)
Þ -22.46-4.17+VA+13.3=0
SO,VA = 10.7 ( )

59
Reaction Calculation:
For member BC: VC
∑MB=0 +
22.46 4.17
Þ -22.46 – 4.17+VC×16=0 C
B
Þ VC= 1.66 ( ) 16ft

VB2
∑FY =0 ( + )
Þ VB2 – VC= 0
SO,VB2 = 1.66( )

60
10.7
Step-08:
+ 1.66
B C
+
A
−

13.3 −

+ 0.28
F

1.76
E

1.47
D
S.F.D
61
 65.26
Step-08:
4.1
∆
+ 18.6 B + C
A 4.14
- -
-
20.3 22.46 -
20.3 8`
-
+ 41.1
1.9
F

9.5

+
9.11 D B.M.D
62
 Step-08:

∆ ∆
∆ B C
A

F
E

Elastic Curve
D
63
 Problem
Analyze the rigid frame shown in the figure by the Moment
Distribution Method. Draw the shear and moment diagram and
also sketch the deform structure.

64
 Continued…
•   due to the applied load:
F.E.M.
F.E.M. due to the applied load will be zero because all load will be
applied at the joint.
F.E.M. due to the sides way:
At the direction AB
MAC = MCA = MBD = MDB = - * ∆ = - * 25600 = -100 k

65
 Continued…
•  the direction CD
At
MAC = MCA = MBD = MDB = * ∆ = * 25600 = 100 k
MCE = MEC = - * ∆ = - * 25600 = -200 k
MDF = MFD = = - * ∆ = - * 25600 = -400 k

66
 Stiffness Factor

•K   = K = K = K = = = 0.5EI
AC CA BD DB

KAB = KBA = = = 1EI

KCD = KDC= = = 1.67EI

KCE = KEC = = = 1EI

KDF = KFD = = = 1EI

67
 Distribution Factor

•DF  
AB = KAB/(KAB + KAC) = = 0.67

DFBA = KBA/(KBA+KBD) = = 0.67

DFCD = KCD/(KCD+KCA+KCE) = = 0.53

DFDC = KDC/(KDC+KDB+KDF) = = 0.53

DFAC = KAC/(KAC+KAB) = = 0.33

DFCA = KCA/(KCA+KCE+KCD) = = 0.16

68
 Continued…
•  
DFBD = KBD/(KBD+KBA) = = 0.33

DFDB = KDB/(KDB+KDF+KDC) = = 0.16

DFCE = KCE/(KCE+KCA+KCD) = = 0.32

DFEC = KEC/(KEC+Kwall) = = 0

DFDF = KDF/(KDF+KDB+KDC) = = 0.32

DFFD = KFD/(KFD+Kwall) = = 0 69
Table - 1

70
Table - 2

71
 Continued…
Here,
3 kip A
∑MA = 0 (+)
 - HC*16 – MAC - MCA = 0 MAC
 HC = - (MAC + MCA )/16 16

Similarly, MCA
HD = - (MBD + MDB )/16
HC C

Now,
HC + HD = -3
 -{(MAC + MCA)/ 16} – {(MBD + MDB)/ 16} = -3
 -MAC- MCA- MBD – MDB = -48 ---------------(1)
72
 Continued…
Here,
6 kip C
∑MC = 0 (+)
 - HE*16 – MCE - MEC = 0 MCE
 HE = - (MCE + MEC )/16 16
Similarly,
MEC
HF = - (MDF + MFD )/8

Now, HE E

HE + HF = -9

 -{(MCE + MEC)/ 16} – {(MDF + MFD)/ 8} = -9

 -MCE- MEC- 2MDF – 2MFD = -144 ---------------(2) 73

 Continued…
From eqn (1) we get,

-(MAC + MCA + MBD + MDB) = -48

 K1MAC + K2MAC + K1MCA + K2MCA + K1MBD + K2MBD +

K1MDB + K2MDB = 48

 K1 (MAC + MCA + MBD + MDB) + K2 (MAC + MCA + MBD +

MDB) = 48

 K1 (-70.98-77.4-70.98-77.4) + K2 (78.93+93.4+90.73+133.92) = 48

 -296.76 K1+396.98 K2 = 48 ---------------(3)

74
 Continued…
From eqn (2) we get,

-(MCE + MEC + 2MDF + 2MFD) = -48

 K1MCE + K2MCE + K1MEC + K2MEC + 2K1MDF + 2K2MDF +

2K1MFD + 2K2MFD = 144

 K1 (MCE + MEC+ 2MDF + 2MFD) + K2 (MCE + MEC + 2MDF +

2MFD) = 144

 K1 (22.7+10.75+45.28+21.4) + K2 (-188.64-194.1-604.8-736) = 144

 100.13 K1 – 1723.54 K2 = 144 ---------------(4)

75
Continued…
Solving this two eqn we get

K1 = - 0.297
K2 = - 0.101

76
 Continued…
Now,
MEC = (-0.297*10.75) + (-0.101* (-194.1)) = 16.41
MCE = (-0.297*22.7) + (-0.101* (-188.64)) = 12.31
MCD = (-0.297*55.49) + (-0.101*95.6) = -26.14
MCA = (-0.297*( -77.4)) + (-0.101*93.4) = 13.55
MAC = (-0.297*( -70.98)) + (-0.101* 78.93) = 13.1
MAB = (-0.297*71.1) + (-0.101*( -78.9)) = -13.1
MBA = (-0.297*71.1) + (-0.101* (-90.73)) = -11.9
MBD = (-0.297*(-70.98)) + (-0.101*90.73) = 11.9
MDB = (-0.297* (-77.4)) + (-0.101*133.92) = 9.46
MDC = (-0.297*55.45) + (-0.101*171.5) = -33.79
MDF = (-0.297*22.64) + (-0.101* (-302.4)) = 23.82
MFD = (-0.297*10.7) + (-0.101*( -368)) = 33.99 77
Actual Moment Distribution
11.9
A B
13.1

13.1 11.9
13.55 9.46

33.79
C D
26.14
23.82
12.31 33.99
16.41
F

E
78
 Reaction
79

We know,
HC = - (MAC+MCA)/16 HE = - (MCE+MEC)/16
= - (13.1+13.5)/16 = - (12.31+16.41)/16
= - 1.66 kip = - 1.8 kip
= 1.66 kip (←) = 1.8 kip (←)
   
HD = - (MBD+MDB)/16 HF = - (MDF+MFD)/8
= - (11.9+9.46)/16 = - (23.82+33.99)/8
= - 1.34 kip = - 7.23 kip
= 1.34 kip (←) = 7.23 kip (←)
 Continued…
Reaction at AB member
∑MA = 0 (+)
-RB*12 -13.1 -11.95 = 0
RB = -2.1 kip 11.95
= 2.1 kip (↓) A 13.1 B

  RA RB
∑FY = 0 (↑+)
RA -2.1 = 0
RA = 2.1 kip (↑)
80
 Continued…
81

Reaction at CD member
∑MC = 0 (+)
-RD*12 -26.14 -33.79 = 0
RD = -4.99 kip 33.79
= 4.99 kip (↓) C 26.14 D

  RC RD
∑FY = 0 (↑+)
RC -4.99 = 0
RC = 4.99 kip (↑)
Actual reaction

HC = 1.66 kip (←)

HD = 1.34 kip (←)

HE = 1.8 kip (←)

HF = 7.23 kip (←)

RB = 2.1 kip (↓)

RA = 2.1 kip (↑)

RD = 4.99 kip (↓)

RC = 4.99 kip (↑) 82

SFD

83
BMD

84
Elastic Curve

85