COMMMUNICATION

PROCESS
UNIT 4
COMMUNICATING
 Exchanging
information or feelings
between 2 or more
people.
 Purposes
 To influence others

 To gain information
Intrapersonal communication

 Communication with
oneself

 Self-talk
Interpersonal communication

 Communication
with others
 Communication Process

“Transmission of a message
from a sender to a receiver in
an understandable manner”
Communication Process
 Modes of Communication

 Verbal communication

 Nonverbal communication

 Electronic communication
Verbal Communication
 Communicating with words
 Spoken or written
Nonverbal Communication
 Using body language

 “You see but you don not observe”

Electronic Communication
 Criteria for Effective
Verbal Communication
 Pace and intonation
 Simplicity
 Clarity and brevity - congruence
 Timing and relevance
 Adaptability
 Credibility
 Humor
 Effective Nonverbal
Communication
 Posture
 Hand shake
 Eye contact
 Smile
 Gestures
 Voice – pace, pitch, projection,
pausing, intonation
 Therapeutic Communication

Face to face interaction

Focuses on the patient’s

physical and emotional
being.
 Characteristics of a
Therapeutic Communication
Goal-directed
Focused on the client’s
needs
Planned, time limited
Professional
 Basic Elements of a
Therapeutic Communication
Trust
Rapport
Unconditional positive regard
Setting limits
Therapeutic communication
 PHASES of a Therapeutic
N-P Relationship

 ORIENTATION

 Getting to know your patient

 PHASES of a Therapeutic
N-P Relationship
 WORKING

 Mutually planning and implement

patient care
 PHASES of a Therapeutic N-
P Relationship
 TERMINATION

Nurse patient relationship is self limiting.

 Relationship ends when patient’s health
 Therapeutic Communication

Active listening
Build trust and rapport

Ask specific question

 Therapeutic Communication
Visibly tuning in
Demonstrate concern

Use brief verbal affirmations

like:
 Therapeutic
Communication
 Techniques
Broad opening statement
 “What would you like to talk about?”

 Clarifying Nurse: Can you explain more about that to me?

Patient: I feel sick inside.

Nurse: What do you mean by feeling sick inside?
Patient: I'm feeling lost!

Nurse: Give me an example of “feeling lost.”

 Therapeutic
Communication

Techniques
Encouraging expression
 “Tell me about your feelings.”

 Giving recognition Good morning ....

I notice that you combed your hair.

You look very nice.

 Informing My name is...

Visiting hours are...

The purpose of the activity is....

 Therapeutic
Communication
 Listening Techniques
“Go on, tell me about your feelings.”

 Making You appear nervous. I see you are biting your lip.

observation
“I stay here with you.”

 Offering self Patient: I'm going home soon.

Nurse: You are going home soon?
Patient: But my mother is not happy.
 Paraphrasing Nurse: Your mother was not happy to see
you?
 Therapeutic
Communication
 Techniques
Presenting reality Patient: I hear voices of people trying to kill me.
Nurse: I don't hear voices but I know the voices

are real to you.

 Summarizing

So far we have talked about.....

Let's see, we had discussed about your family
problems, their effect in your schoolwork......
 Barriers to Communication

Bellitling
Interrupting
Giving advice
Moralizing
Approving
Changing the subject
Social response