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18 Etc 016
18 Etc 016
ROURKELA
To process the digital inputs, a D/A converter will be used, while a
combination of a speed sensor and F/V converter will be used to
sense and convert the speed into an appropriate voltage.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
EXPLANATION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM
The differential amplifier compares the D/A converter output with output
voltage of F/V converter.
The speed sensor then converts the motor’s speed into pulse waveform, which
in turn is converted into proportional voltage by F/V converter.
Schematic Diagram Of Digitally Controlled Dc Motor
BUFFER
D/A
CONVERTER
F/V CONVERTER
TRW 405A100-1
DESCRIPTION OF IC’S USED
The IC’S used are SN74LS241: OCTAL TRI-STATE BUFFER, MC1408 8-bit D/A
converter, MC1403 2.5v Voltage Reference, LF353 dual op-amp, 9400 F/V
converter, and the Hall-effect transducer.
The Eight LEDs indicate the state of the digital inputs applied to the D/A
converter.
The 74LS241 octal tri-state buffer is used here because it isolates the LEDs from
switches and also provide a current drive for the LEDs.
The TL170 is a three terminal plastic package that consists of a silicon sensor,
signal conditioning and hysteresis function, and an open-collector output stage
integrated onto a monolithic chip.
THE D/A AND F/V CONVERTERS INITIAL VALUES:-
1. With all the inputs high (logic ), adjusting R17 so that the output
voltage of the converter is 3.0 V.
To operate, the TL170 sensor is positioned so that the plain surface of
the sensor faces the permanent magnet and to obtain two samples
per revolution and hence help to control the motor speed more
accurately, four permanent magnets are used.
When the motor is running, the distance between the disk and sensor
can be adjusted so that the output of the sensor is a pulse waveform.
The motor in circuit figure initially starts running when the input
binary code is (00000110)2.
Thereafter, the motor speed increases with the digital input until the
motor attains a maximum speed at (00111111) 2.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The key to the operation of the circuit is that the differential amplifier
maintains a specific difference between two input voltages so that motor speed
is constant at the selected digital input setting.
The output voltage of the D/A converter will be maximum positive when all the
inputs are logic 1 i.e. when all inputs are logic 1 the motor will run at a
maximum speed.
When digital inputs have just been set to lower the speed. Then it will reduce
the output voltage of the D/A converter, which in turn reduces the difference
between the two input voltages of the differential amplifier, resulting in a
reduced drive for the motor.
The difference voltage is necessary to maintain the constant
motor speed, which is maintained through the use of negative
feedback.
ANY QUESTIONS..?