LECTURE 11OF 12

TOPIC : 2.0 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

SUBTOPIC : 2.7 Integration Of Trigonometric
Function

1
 LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson,students should be able to:

b. Discuss the following integrals:

iii.
 sin ax cos bx dx,  cos ax cos bx dx,
 sin ax sin bx dx
c. Evaluate integrals using integration by parts; ,
x
n
sin ax dx
where and and
x n2 e
n ax
cos ax dx sin bx dx

e .
ax
cos bx dx

2
b. iii. To solve  sin ax cos bx dx,  cos ax cos bx dx,  sin ax sin bx dx
by using;

1
sin P cos Q   sin  P  Q   sin  P  Q  
2
1
sin P sin Q    cos P  Q   cos P  Q  
2
1
cos P cos Q   cos P  Q   cos P  Q  
2

3
Example 1 :
Solve

a)  2 cos x cos 2x dx

b)  cos 3x cos 2x dx

c)  cos 4x sin 2x dx

d )  sin x sin 2x dx

4
Solution:

a )  2 cos x cos 2x dx

   cos (x  2x)  cos ( 2x - x) dx

   cos 3x  cos x  dx
1
 sin 3x  sinx  c
3

5
b)  cos 3x cos 2x dx
1
   cos (3x  2x)  cos ( 3x - 2x) dx
2
1
   cos 5x  cos x  dx
2
1  sin5x 
   sin x   c
2 5 
1 1
 sin 5x  sin x  c
10 2

6
c)  cos 4x sin 2x dx
1
   sin (4x  3x) - sin ( 4x - 3x) dx
2
1
   sin 7x  sin x  dx
2
1  - cos7x 
   cos x   c
2 7 
1 1
 cos x - sin 7x  c
2 14

7
d )  sin x sin 2x dx
1
    cos (x  2 x) - cos (2x - x) dx
2
1
    cos 3x - sin x  dx
2
1 1 
 -  sin 3x - sinx   c
2 3 
sin x sin 3 x
  c
2 6

8
Exercise:
1
1)  2 cos 3x sin x dx Answer: 4  2 cos 2x - cos 4x   c

1
2)  cos 2x cos 4x dx Answer: 12
 sin 6x  3 sin 2x   c

1
3)  2 sin 3x sin x dx Answer:  2 sin 2x - sin 4x   c
4

9
 1
4)  sin 4x cos 2x dx Answer:  12  cos 6x  3 cos 2x   c

π
1
5)  sin 5 sin  d
4
Answer:
0 12

6)  sin 3x cos 2x dx
4
Answer: 0.13
6

10
c. To evaluate integrals using integration by
parts;

 sin ax dx,  cos ax dx where n  2

n
i. x n
x

By Parts Method

Formula:
 u dv  u v   v du
(The choice must be suitable)

11
Example 1:
Solve the following integration:

a )  x cos x dx

b)  x sin 2x dx

c)  x 2 cos x dx

d )  x sin 2x dx
2

12
Solution:

a )  x cos x dx
u x dv  cos x dx
du  dx v  sin x
 x sin x -  sin x dx
 x sin x -  - cos x   c
 x sin x  cos x  c

13
b)  x sin 2x dx

14
c)  x 2 cos x dx
u  x2 dv  cos x dx
du  2x dx v  sin x
 x 2 sin x -   sin x  2x dx

 x 2 sin x - 2  x sin x dx
ux dv  sin 2x dx
du  dx v  - cos x

 x 2 sin x - 2 - x cos x -   - cos x dx  
 x sin x  2x cos x - 2 sin x  c
15
d )  x 2 sin 2x dx
u  x2 dv  sin 2x dx
- cos 2x
du  2x dx v
2
 - cos 2x   - cos 2x 
 x   - 
2
 2x dx
 2   2 
 ux dv  cos 2x dx
sin 2x
du  dx v
2
x 2 cos 2x  x sin 2x  sin 2x
-    - dx
2  2  2
x 2 cos 2x x sin 2x cos 2x
-   c
2 2 4
16
Exercise:
1
1)  x sin 3x dx Answer:  sin 3 x  3 x cos 3x   c
9
1 1
2)  x cos 2x dx Answer: x sin 2 x  cos 2 x  c
2 4
3)  x sin 2 x dx Answer: 1  2 x 2  2 x sin 2 x  cos 2 x   c
8

4)  x sin xdx Answer: 
0

Answer:   4
2
5)  x sin xdx
2

0
17
  
6)  x sin 4 xdx Answer: 
4
0

7)Prove that


 
2
1 2
0 x sin xdx  16 .  4
2

18
 e e
ax ax
ii. sin bx dx and cos bx dx
Example 2:

Solve the following integration:

a )  e x sin x dx

b)  e cos 2x dx
2x

19
 Solution:

a)  e sin x dx
x

u  ex dv  sin x dx
du  e x dx v   cos x

 e x
sinx dx  e x
 - cos x  -   - cos x   e x
 dx
 - e x cos x   e x cos x dx  and again by parts
u  ex dv  cos x dx
du  e x dx v  sin x

 e x
sinx dx  - e x
cos x  e x
sin x -  sin x  e x
 dx 
 - e x cos x  e x sin x -  e x sin x dx  same as the question
20
therefore;
2  e sinx dx  e sin x - e cos x  c
x x x

1 x
 e sin x dx  2 e  sin x - cos x   c
x

21
b)  e cos 2x dx
2x

u  e 2x dv  cos 2x dx
1
du  2e2x dx v sin 2x
2

 e 2x
cos 2x dx  e 2x  1
 sin 2x

 
-
1
sin 2x 
 2x
 2e dx
 2  2 
1 2x
 e sin 2x -  e 2x sin 2x dx  and again by parts
2

22
 u  e 2x dv  sin 2x dx
1
du  2e 2x dx v- cos 2x
2

e sin 2x -  e 2x (- cos 2x ) -  - cos 2x  2e 2x  dx 

1 2x  1 1 
 cos 2x dx 
2x
e
2  2 2 
1 1
 e 2x sin 2x  e 2x cos 2x -  e 2x cos 2x dx  same as the question
2 2
therefore;

1 2x
2 e 2x
cos 2x dx  e  sin 2x  cos 2x   c
2
1 2x
 e 2x
cos 2x dx  e  sin 2x  cos 2x   c
4
23
Exercise:
1 3x
1)  e sin x dx
3x
Answer: e ( 3 sin x - cos x)  c
10
1 -x
2)  e -x cos 3x dx Answer: e ( 3 sin 3x - cos 3x)  c
10

3)  e cos x dx
x
Answer: 1 e x ( sin x  cos x)  c
2
1 -x
4)  e sin x dx
-x
Answer: - 2 e ( sin x  cos x)  c

1 -x
5)  e sin 2x dx
xx
Answer: e ( 2 sin 2x - 2 cos 2x)  c
5

24
Note:
Whenever we integrate functions of the form
e ax sin bx or e ax cos bx , we get similar results after
applying the rule twice.

Summary:
1. From the above examples, we can deduce the following;
a) If one factor is a power of x, it must be taken as “u”

b) If there is no power of x, then the exponential function is

taken as “u”.

25