EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON

REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE

Guide :
Dr.P.Asha
Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
SPU
BATCH MEMBERS :
V.JAGADESH (SP13CEU012)
M.VINOTH (SP13CEU030)
R.SURYA (SP13CEU032)
K.NAVEEN SINGH (SP13CEU202) 1
 CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Literature review
• Objective of study
• Scope of study
• Methodology
• References

2
 Introduction

• Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is the generic name for a

class of cementious composite materials developed by the
technical division of Bouygues, in the early 1990s.
• It is characterized by extremely good physical properties,
particularly strength and ductility
• It is a composite material & has ultra high strength with
mechanical properties.
• Mixture of cement, silica fume, quartz powder, steel fiber
& super plasticizer with a very low water cement ratio.

3
 contd..
•Chard and Cherezy indicate the following principles for developing RPC:

• Elimination of coarse aggregates for enhancement of homogeneity

•Utilization of the pozzolanic properties of silica fume

•The optimal usage of super plasticizer to reduce w/c and improve

workability
•Addition of small-sized steel fibers to improve ductility

4
 Composition of RPC
Components :- Function parameters
1) Sand :- To increase bulk volume
2) Cement :- Binding material
3) Quartz powder :- Maximum reactivity during heat-treating
4) Silica fume :- Filling the voids
5) Steel fiber :- Improve ductility
6) Superplasticizer :- Reduce water binding

5
 Objective of Study
•To study the various physical properties of silica fume,
steel fibre and quartz powder.

•To study the mechanical properties of Reactive Powder

Concrete.

•To arrive the optimal mix ratio of reactive powdered

concrete. 6

TITLE
Effect of silica fume on steel fiber
bond characteristics in reactive
powder concrete
LITERATURE REVIEW
JOURNAL AND AUTHOR
Cement and concrete research
(34) 2004
Yin-Wen Chan, Shu-Hsien Chu
RESULTS
The incorporation of silica fume in
RPC matrix remarkably enhances the
steel fiber–matrix bond
characteristics due to the interfacial-
toughening effect upon fiber slip.

An Investigation on Reactive Powder International Journal of Emerging
Concrete containing Steel Fibers. Technology and Advanced
Engineering ( Volume 2, Issue 9,
September 2012)
M K Maroliya
The flexural strength of the RPC
obtained by using circular steel fibers
has increased by 50% compared to
plain RPC when hot water curing is
adopted and 18% higher than plain
RPC when normal curing is adopted.

Compressive Strength Of National Conference on Recent Replacement of natural sand by UFS

Cementitious Concrete
Containing Used Foundry Sand
Advances in Civil and Structural
Engineering (RACSE-'14)
April-2014
Smit M. Kacha1, Ankur C.
Bhogayata2, Abhay V. Nakum
provided an excellent improvement
in basic strength property of concrete
up to the replacement of 40%, the
compressive strength was increased
by 15%.
7

TITLE
Microstructural behaviour of
reactive powder concrete under
different heating condition.
Contd….
JOURNAL AND AUTHOR
Magazine of Concrete Research
Volume 64 Issue 3(2012)
Chi-ming Tam
Vivian Wing-yan Tam
RESULTS
•the duration of the heat treatment
influences the form of the structure
and quality of crystal formation.
•Increased heat-treatment
temperature leads to the development
of longer C–S–H chain.
• when the heat-treatment
temperature
increases, the compressive strength
increases owing to
C–S–H crystal formation, thereby
improving the
microstructure behaviour.
8
 Contd…
TITLE JOURNAL AND AUTHOR RESULTS

FACTORS AFFECTING THE International Journal of Civil 1. The maximum compressive

STRENGTH OF REACTIVE Engineering and Technology strength of RPC obtained in the
POWDER (IJCIET),Volume 3, Issue 2, July- present study is 146 MPa at w/b ratio
CONCRETE (RPC) December (2012) of 0.2 with accelerated curing.
2. In the production of RPC the
Khadiranaikar R.B. and Muranal S. optimum percentage addition of
M. silica fume is found to be 15% (by
weight of cement) with available
superplasticizer.
4. The high temperature curing is
essential for RPC to achieve higher
strength. It increases
the compressive strength up to 10%
when compared with normal curing.

9

TITLE
Influence of Curing Regime on the
Mechanical Properties of Ultra High
Performance Concrete
Contd..
JOURNAL AND AUTHER
American Journal of Engineering
Research (AJER) Issue-2(2013)
Dr Sravana1 Sarika.P ,Dr.Srinivasa
Rao ,Dr.Seshadri Sekhar T ,
Apparao.G
RESULTS
Nine different curing methods were
tried with variation in heat
treatment, variation in water to
binder ratio, with variation of filler
materials like silica fume and fine
quartz.
10
 METHODOLOGY
Defining of objectives

Collection of materials

Mix design and calculation

Casting and curing

Testing of specimens

Results and discussion

Conclusion 11
 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

Physical property Mechanical property

1)Compression strength
test
1)Specific gravity test
2) Flexural strength test
2)Density
3) Split Tensile strength
3)Water absorption test
test 12
 MATERIALS COLLECTED
MATERIAL ADDRESS COLLECTED AMOUNT Cost

Silica fume ASTRRA Chemicals, 50kg 21/kg

Ambattur, Chennai.

Quartz powder ASTRRA Chemicals, 50kg 12.50/kg

Ambattur, Chennai.

Steel fibre Kamaraj nagar, Avadi. 10kg 25/kg

Super plasticizer ASTRRA chemicals, 2kg 232/lit
{sika} Ambatur,Chennai.

Sand Kamaraj nagar, Avadi 6cft 60/cft

Ordinary Portland Kamaraj nagar,Avadi 50kg 7.2/kg
Cement (Jay Pee, 53
grade cement)
13
 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
1.Cement Characteristics

S. No Tests Results
1
Fineness 0.225 m2/g
2
Consistency 30%
3
Initial setting time 30 min
4
Final setting time 600 min
5
Specific gravity 3.15 14
 Property Value

Specific Gravity 2.67

Unit Weight 1.46

2. Physical Properties of Sand
(t/m3)

Property Value 3.Physical Properties of

Quartz Powder
Specific Gravity 2.61

Unit weight 1.58

(t/m3) 15
 Mix Ratios
S.No Materials Mix Ratio 1 Mix Ratio 2

1 Ordinary Portland cement 1 1

2 Silica fume 0.324 0.35

3 Fine aggregate(very fine) 1.423 1.423

4 Quartz powder 0.296 0.30

5 Steel fiber 0.268 0.268

6 Super plasticizer 0.027 0.027

7 Water 0.282 0.282

8 Flaky aggregate(10mm) - 0.56 16

 Calculation
The density of fresh RPC and HPC mixtures were found to be in the range of 2500-
2650 kg/m3. Here the density of fresh RPC is considered as 2500kg/m3.

Volume of 150mm cube=0.15×0.15×0.15=3.375×10-³m³

Mass of 150mm cube = 3.375×10-³×2500=8.43kg

For 5 cubes[150mm] = 8.43×5 = 42.15kg

Similarly we have calculated for 100mm cube, cylinder and prism
For 5 cubes[100mm] = 2.5×5 = 12.5kg
For 3 cylinder[200mm height, 100mm dia] = 3.92×3 = 11.78kg
For 3 prism[500×100×100mm] = 12.5×3 =37.5 kg
17
 Quantity of Materials for Mix Ratio 1
S.No Materials Mix 150mm Cube 100mm Cube Cylinder Prism(3
Ratio (5Specimens) (5Specimens) (3Specimens) Specimens)
Kg Kg Kg Kg
1 Ordinary 1 11.64 3.45 3.25 10.35
Portland
cement
2 Silica fume 0.324 3.77 1.11 1.05 3.35
3 Fine 1.423 16.56 4.90 4.62 14.72
aggregate
4 Quartz 0.296 3.44 1.02 0.96 3.06
powder
5 Steel fiber 0.268 3.11 0.92 0.87 2.77
6 Super 0.027 0.31 0.09 0.08 0.27
plasticizer
7 Water 0.282 3.28 0.97 0.91 2.91
18
 Quantity of Materials for Mix Ratio 2
S.No Materials Mix 150mm 100mm Cube Cylinder Prism(3
Ratio Cube (5Specimens) (3Specimens) Specimens)
(5Specimens Kg Kg Kg
)
Kg
1 Ordinary Portland 1 10.01 2.96 2.79 8.11
cement
2 Silica fume 0.35 3.50 1.03 0.97 2.83
3 Fine aggregate 1.423 14.24 4.21 3.97 11.54
4 Quartz powder 0.30 3.00 0.88 0.83 2.43
5 Steel fiber 0.268 2.68 0.79 0.74 2.17
6 Super plasticizer 0.027 0.27 0.07 0.07 0.21
7 Water 0.282 2.82 0.83 0.78 2.28
8 Coarse aggregate 0.56 5.60 1.65 1.56 4.54
(10mm) 19
Casting of Specimens Curing of Specimens

Type Of Mould Size(Mm)

Cube 150x150x150
Cylinder 100ɸ, 200H
Prism 500x100x100 20
Details of Test Specimens and the type of Mechanical Tests
S.No Type of test Type of Size No of Testing
specimen specimen machine

1 Compression test Cube 150×150×15 5(EACH) UTM

0mm

2 Compression test Cube 100×100×10 5(EACH) UTM

0mm

3 Flexural test Prism 500×100×10 3(EACH) UTM

0mm

4 Split tensile test Cylinder 100ɸ, 200H 3(EACH) UTM

21
 Testing of Cube

Cracks Appeared on Cube

22
 Details of Compressive Strength for Mix 1
Compressive Average
Area
S.No Specimen Days Load (KN) Strength Compressive
(mm2)
(N/mm2) Strength (N/mm2)

729 32.4
7 31.8
702 31.2
Cube
 
1 (150x150x15 14 796 35.37 35.35
22500
0mm) 900 40
28 40.22
910 40.44
304 30.4
7 29.5
286 28.6
Cube
14 358   35.8 35.8
2 (100x100x10
10000
0mm) 420 42
28 42.65
433 43.3
 Details of Compressive Strength for Mix 2
Average
Compressive
Area Compressive
S.No Specimen Days Load (KN) Strength
(mm2) Strength
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
840 37.33
7 37.95
868 38.57
Cube
14 906   40.26 40.26
1 (150x150x15
22500
0mm) 922 40.97
28 41.215
933 41.46
315 31.5
7 31.05
306 30.6
Cube
14 384   38.4 38.4
2 (100x100x10
10000
0mm) 410 41
28 41.7
424 42.4
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN N/mm2

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN N/mm2

NO OF DAYS

NO OF DAYS

Compressive Strength of Compressive Strength of

150x150x 150mm Cube for Mix 1 150x150x150mm Cube for Mix
2
25
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN N/mm2
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN N/mm2

NO OF DAYS
NO OF DAYS

Compressive Strength of Compressive Strength of

100x100x100mm 100x100x100 mm Cube
Cube for Mix 1 for Mix 2 26
 Flexural Strength for Mix 1
S.No Specimen Days Load (Kn) Flexural Strength
(N/mm2)

1 Prism (500x100x100mm) 7 8.4 4.2

14 10.2 5.1

28 11.2 5.6

Testing of Prism

27
 Flexural Strength for Mix 2
S.No Specimen Days Load (kN) Flexural
Strength
(N/mm2)

1 Prism 7 8.7 4.35

(500x100x100mm)
14 10.6 5.3

28 11.8 5.9
28
FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN N/mm2

FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN N/mm2

NO OF DAYS
NO OF DAYS

Flexural Strength of Flexural Strength of

prism For Mix 1 prism For Mix 2

29
 Testing of Cylinder

Cracks Appeared on Cylinder

30
 Split Tensile Strength for Mix 1
S.No Specimen Days Load (Kn) Tensile Strength
(N/Mm2)

1 Cylinder 7 566 18
(100mmф,
200mmH) 14 606 19.3

28 641 20.4
31
 Split Tensile Strength for Mix 2
S.No Specimen Days Load (kN) Tensile
Strength
(N/mm2)

1 Cylinder 7 578 18.38

(100mmф,
14 644 20.47
200mmH)
28 676 21.49
32
SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH IN N/mm2

SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH IN N/mm2

NO OF DAYS

Split tensile Strength of Split tensile Strength of cylinder

cylinder for Mix 1 for Mix 2
33
 CONCLUSIONS

High compressive strength, relatively high tensile and flexural strength, low
porosity and high durability and self-compacting properties.
 Compare to second mix ratio (increased amount of silica fume and quartz
powder with liquid admixture) gives better result than first mix ratio.
RPC is suitable for precasting concrete and can achieve compressive strength
value exceeding 191.15 MPa at heat curing.
RPC can be produced with cement, W/C of 0.28, steel fibers 3% (by total
volume), quartz sand, crushed quartz powder, and silica fume 30% (by the weight
of cement) as the mineral admixture 2.0% super plasticizer (by the weight of
cement). 34
 REFERENCES

[1]. Ahlborn. T. M, Harris. D. K, Misson, D. L and Peuse, E. J. (2008), “Ultra High Performance Concrete”. Second
International Symposium on Ultra High Performance Concrete. Kassel, Germany.

[2]. Bouygues work (2008), “On the properties of ultra high strength concrete with particular reference to heat of
hydration", Very High Strength Cement-Based Materials, Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, Vol. 42,
pp. 19-29.

[3]. Ashish Dubey (1998), "Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of Reactive
Powder Concrete", Journal of Engineering and Development, Vol. 17, No.4, December 2013, ISSN 1813- 7822.

[4]. Behloul and Lee (2004),"Effects of silica fume addition and water to cement ratio on the properties of high-
strength concrete after exposure to high temperatures", Cement & Concrete Composites, Vol. 30, PP. 106-112.

[5]. Cwirzen.A, Penttala .V, & Vornanen, C. (2008), “Reactive powder based concretes: Mechanical properties,
durability and hybrid use with OPC”. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 38, PP. 17-27.
35
THANK YOU
36