SCENARIO OF WIND POWER

GENERATION IN INDIA

CNCPG SEMINAR
GROUP MEMBERS:
• AMEYA PATIL – 401741
• HEMANT PATIL – 401742
• JAY PATIL – 401743
 INTRODUCTION

• Wind is a form of solar energy. Winds are caused by the uneven heating of the
atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the earth's surface, and rotation of
the earth. Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth's terrain, bodies of water,
and vegetative cover. This wind flow, or motion energy, when "harvested" by
modern wind turbines, can be used to generate electricity.
• The terms "wind energy" or "wind power" describe the process by which the
wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines
convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical
power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or
a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity.
 WIND POWER PLANTS IN INDIA

• TOP 5 WIND POWER PLANTS ACCORDING TO CAPACITY :

1. Muppandal Windfarm Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu [CAPACITY: 1500 MW]
2. Jaisalmer Wind Park, Rajasthan [ CAPACITY: 1064 MW]
3. Brahmanvel Wind Farm Dhule, Maharashtra [ CAPACITY: 528 MW]
4. Dhalgaon Wind Farm Sangli, Maharashtra [CAPACITY: 278 MW]
5. Vankusawade Wind Park Satara, Maharashtra [ CAPACITY: 259 MW]
 INDIAN WIND POWER GENERATION
STATISTICS
The Indian wind energy sector has an installed
capacity of 32,380.18 MW (as on March 31, 2017).
In terms of wind power installed capacity, India is
ranked 5th in the World. Today India is a major
player in the global wind energy market.
• The potential is far from exhausted. Indian Wind
Energy Association has estimated that utilization
of wind energy for electricity generation is of the
order of 102 GW. The unexploited resource
availability has the potential to sustain the
growth of wind energy sector in India in the
years to come.
 WIND POWER BY STATE
Installed wind capacity by state as of 31 March 2018
State Total Capacity (MW) • Wind power accounts for nearly
Tamil Nadu 8,197
10% of India's total
Gujarat 5,613
Maharashtra 4,784
installed power
Karnataka 4,509 generation capacity and generated
Rajasthan 4,298 52.67 TWh in the fiscal year 2017-
Andhra Pradesh 3,963
18, which is nearly 3% of total
Madhya Pradesh 2,520
electricity generation.
Telangana 101
Kerala 53
Others 4
Total 34,043
SITE SELECTION FOR WIND POWER PLANTS

• Wind Speed
    The viability of wind power in a given site depends on having sufficient wind speed (15-25m/s)
available at the height at which the turbine is to be installed. Any choice of wind turbine design must be based on the
average wind velocity at the selected wind turbine construction site.
• Land topography and geology
                         Wind farms typically need large lands. Topography and prevailing wind conditions determine turbine
placement and spacing within a wind farm. In flat areas where there is nothing to interfere with wind flow, at least 2600-
6000 m2/MW may be required. Wind turbines are usually sited on farms that have slope smaller than 10-20%.
• Turbine size
 Required height for the installation of turbine above ground is one of the important factors that
affect the annual energy generation. Turbine size is related with the energy output, because the bigger the turbine size
is, the more wind it is exposed to.
SITE SELECTION FOR WIND POWER PLANTS

• Capital cost

                   Construction, electrical connection, grid connection, planning, wind turbines,

approvals, utilities and management are the main components of capital cost for wind farm
projects.

• Land cost

  For the site selection, main economic factor is the cost of the land where the
wind farm is constructed; because, the cost of land primarily depends on the region, soil condition
and the distance from the residential area.

• Electricity market

Existing of an electricity market for the energy generated is an important

factor affecting the economic benefits of the project. There should be energy demand in regions
close to wind farms.
SITE SELECTION FOR WIND POWER PLANTS

• Electromagnetic interference

            Electromagnetic interference is an electromagnetic disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or

degrades the effective performance of electronics or electrical equipment. Wind turbines may reflect, scatter or
diffract the electromagnetic waves which in turn interfere with the original signal arriving at the receiver.

• Noise impact

  Noise can generally be classified according to its two main sources: aerodynamic and
mechanical. Aerodynamic noise is produced when the turbine blades interact with eddies caused by atmospheric
turbulence. Mechanical noise is generated by the rotor machinery such as the gearbox and generator.

•  Distance from the residential area

  Noise and vibration stemming from the wind turbines may cause residents to suffer from
sleep disturbance, headaches, visual blurring. Those types of complaints can be avoided if the wind turbines are
sited a considerable distance from the residential area.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WIND POWER PLANT
 WORKING PRINCLPLE
The energy in the wind turns two or
three propeller-like blades around a
rotor. The rotor is connected to the main
shaft, which spins a generator to create
electricity. Wind turbines convert the
kinetic energy in the wind into
Causes of mechanical power. solar
this wind energyis
heating of earth and differential
heating of land and water in coastal
areas.
So ,this indicates that it is indirect
PARTS OPERATING IN WIND TURBINE
Nacelle-
The nacelle is the
housing that protects
the main frame and the
components
attached to it. This
enclosure is particularly
important for wind
electric systems, but
does
not exist in water
pumping machines.
2.HUB ASSEMBLY AND MAIN SHAFT
The blades are attached by a hub assembly to a main
shaft. The main shaft rotates in bearings supported in
the main frame. If the blades are designed for pitch
control, the hub can be fairly intricate. With fixed
pitch, attachment is relatively simple.

3.STRUCTURAL TOWER
A structural tower is needed to get the wind
machine up into the air, away from the slower
and more turbulent winds near the ground. A
wind machine should be at least 10 m higher
than any obstructions in the surroundings such
as tree.
4.TRANSFORMER,TRANSMISSION UNIT.

5.STORAGE UNIT.
 TYPES OF TURBINES

• HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINES

• VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES
 HORIZONTAL AXIS TURBINES

• This is the most common wind turbine design. In

addition to being parallel to the ground, the axis of
blade rotation is parallel to the wind flow.
• Some machines are designed to operate in an
upwind mode, with the blades upwind of the tower. In
this case, a tail vane is usually used to keep the
blades facing into the wind.
• Other designs operate in a downwind mode so that
the wind passes the tower before striking the blades.
 ADVANTAGES OF HORIZONTAL AXIS

• They are less expensive.

• The technology is better developed.
• They are available commercially
• The efficiency is higher than that of vertical axis machines.

DISADVANTAG
•
•
E
It requires windflow in certain direction .
Pitch control is required.
 VERTICAL AXIS TURBINES
• Although vertical axis wind turbines have existed for centuries, they are
not as common as their horizontal counterparts.
• The main reason for this is that they do not take advantage of the higher
wind speeds at higher elevations above the ground as well as horizontal
axis turbines.
 ADVANTAGES OF VERTICAL AXIS

• The generator and gearbox can be

placed on the ground
• The structure is usually simpler.
• These are easier to build – little
detailed knowledge of aerodynamics
is needed for simple designs.
 DISADVANTAGES OF VERTICAL AXIS

• Maintenance is usually more difficult.

• The overall efficiency is much lower than horizontal axis machines.
• These structures are low to the ground, where wind speeds are lowest.
• Replacement of the generator typically requires disassembly of the entire
machine.
 ADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY
• The wind is free and with modern technology it can be
captured efficiently.
• Once the wind turbine is built the energy it produces
does not cause green House gases or other pollutants.
• Although wind turbines can be very tall each takes up
only a small plot of land. This means that the land
below can still be used. This is especially the case in
agricultural areas as farming can still continue.
• Many people find wind farms an interesting feature of
the landscape.
 ADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY

• Remote areas that are not connected to the electricity power grid can use
wind turbines to produce their own supply.
• Wind turbines have a role to play in both the developed and third world.
• Wind turbines are available in a range of sizes which means a vast range of
people and businesses can use them. Single households to small towns and
villages can make good use of range of wind turbines available today.
 DISADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY

• The strength of the wind is not constant and it varies from zero to storm
force. This means that wind turbines do not produce the same amount of
electricity all the time. There will be times when they produce no electricity
at all.
• Many people feel that the countryside should be left untouched, without
these large structures being built. The landscape should left in its natural
form for everyone to enjoy.
• Wind turbines are noisy. Each one can generate the same level of noise as a
family car travelling at 70 mph.
 DISADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY

• When wind turbines are being manufactured some pollution is Produced.

Therefore wind power does produce some pollution.
• Large wind farms are needed to provide entire communities with enough
electricity. For example, the largest single turbine available today can only
provide enough electricity for 475 homes, when running at full capacity.
WIND POWER GENERATION AROUND THE
WORLD
China: 23,351 MW (45.4%)
Germany: 5,279 MW (10.3%)
United States: 4,854 MW (9.4%)
Brazil: 2,472 MW (4.8%)
India: 2,315 MW (4.5%)
Canada: 1,871 MW (3.6%)
United Kingdom: 1,736 MW (3.4%)
Sweden: 1,050 MW (2.0%)
 PROBLEMS TO BUILT POWER PLANTS IN INDIA

• Land clearance issues.

• Power evacuation up to grid.
• Procedural/Policy aspects related to Power Purchase Agreements (PPA).
• Persistent infrastructural deficiency.
 SOLUTIONS TO OVERCOME THESE
PROBLEMS
• Wind farm development by
Government incentives.
• Wind resource assessment in India.
• Encouraging the use of renewable
energy resources for power
generation.
 CONCLUSION

• Wind energy is good source for power generation.

• Indian wind power industry is witnessing a remarkable growth in
last few decades.
• Indian ministry of non-conventional energy is making efforts to
replace conventional power sources with these energy(around 50%
of energy generation will be by wind energy by 2030 according
to Energy Goals for India.
 REFERENCE

• Assessment of Research Needs for Wind Turbine Rotor

Materials Technology. National Academy Press, 1991.
• Eggleston, David M. Wind Turbine Engineering Design. Van
Nostrand Reinhold, 1987
• Wikipedia pages- wind power,
• Image credits- Google Images and Wikipedia
THANK YOU