Gyro compass

PRESENTED TO D / ARWA
:MADE BY
NEHAL KHALIL
SARA SHERIF
TOQA ALAA
Gyro compass

 It A navigational instrument Which used

to find the True North.
 It Detect the True North Depending on:
 Fast spinning Gyroscope.
 Earth`s Rotation.
 Gravity.
 That is why it is called a (Gyroscopic
Compass).
 Construction
 Gyro compass has become one indispensable instrument in
almost all merchant ships or naval vessels for its ability to
detect the direction of true north and not the magnetic
north. It is comprised of the following units:
1. A Gyroscope: Which is the most essential part in a Gyro
compass system.

2. Master Compass: Discovers and maintains the true north

reading with the help of gyroscope
3. Repeater Compasses: Receive and indicate the true
direction transmitted electrically from the Master
Compass.

4. Course Recorder: Makes a continuous record of the

manoeuvring on a moving strip of paper.

5. Control Panel: Governs the electrical operation of the

system and ascertains the running condition by means
of a suitable meter.

6. Voltage Regulator: Maintains constant supply of the

ship to the motor-generator.
7. Alarm Unit: Indicates failure of the ship’s supply.
8. Amplifier Panel: Controls the follow-up system.
9. Motor Generator: Converts the ship’s DC supply to AC
and energizes the Compass equipment.
Gyro compass theory
 
 North-seeking gyroscope
 A spinning wheel held by two GIMBALS
 two gimbals Electronically Stabilized
 Has 3 axis of angular freedom:
1. Spin Axis
2. Horizontal Axis
3. Vertical Axis
The Gyro compass :
 Ithas a rabidly spinning wheel whose rotation
interacts with the rotation of the earth until its
axis of rotation is parallel with the earth’s and
points to the earth’s rotation poles .
 Advantages
1-it seeks the true meridian
instead of the magnetic
meridian
2-it can be used near the
earth's magnetic poles
3- its not affected by
surrounding magnetic
material
4-if an error exists ,it is the
same on all heading and
correction is a simple process
Disadvantag
es
1-it requires a constant
source of electrical
power
2-it requires intelligent
care and attention
3-the accuracy decrease
when latitudes above 75
degrees
4- if operation is
interrupted for any length
of time long
it requires as much as 4
hours to back into operation
Error

 A gyrocompass is subject to certain errors. These

include steaming error, where rapid changes in
course, speed and latitude cause deviation before
the gyro can adjust itself.

 If the gyro reading is greater than the true reading

the error will be labeled high
 If the gyro error is smaller than the true reading
the error will be labeled low