LECTURE 1

INTRODUCTION
GRAPHIC & SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE FOR
COMMUNICATING IDEAS & NOTIONS

LINES AS SYMBOLS OF ARCHITECTURAL / DESIGN

GRAPHIC LANGUAGE
INTRODUCTION

• Technical Drawing
– also known as Drafting / Draughting
• Discipline of constructing plans
• Architecture
• Engineering / Design
• Show / Visually communicate how something
functions
• Sketching
• Using Instruments
• Using CAD software
• Technical Illustrations
COLLECTIVE OBJECTIVE

TO BE ABLE TO DRAW OR SKETCH CONCEIVED OR

PERCEIVED IDEAS AND CONCEPTS AND ALSO TO DEVELOP
THEM INTO DESIGN THEMES

ALSO TO COMMUNICATE CONCEPTS AND DESIGNS VIA

VISUAL LANGUAGE TO A VARIETY OF AUDIENCE

FOR THESE PURPOSES, TECHNICAL DRAWING, SCHEMATIC

DRAWING, DRAFTING, SKETCHING, MODEL MAKING AND
OTHER RELEVANT SKILLS ARE REQUIRED
UNDERSTANDING THE
ESSENCE

VISUAL COMMUNICATION
(To Communicate Visually)

T D
P E
E S
C IG
N
O N
C

GENERAL AUDIENCE TECHNICAL AUDIENCE

SCHEMATIC DRAWINGS WORKING

(VISUAL LANGUAGE)
COLLEAGUES, CLIENTS, SERVICES ENGINEERS,
PATRONS CONTRACTORS,
REGULATORY
AUTHORITIES
AN ANALYTICAL
APPROACH

SCHEMATIC DRAWINGS TECHNICAL DRAWINGS

INFORMATION

INFORMATION
CONCEPTUAL
PLANS PLANS

DESIGN
SECTIONS SECTIONS
ELEVATIONS ELEVATIONS
RENDERINGS GRIDS & DIMENSIONS
PERSPECTIVES HATCHING
SKETCHES MATERIAL ADAPTATION
BASIC MODELS DETAILED MODELS
 SKILLS & EXERCISES
REQUIRED
INTRO TO DRAWING & DRAFTING TOOLS COMPLEX GEOMETRY (VOLUMES &
FORMS)
•USE OF TOOLS
ORTHOGRAPHIC WITH SCIAGRAPHY
•USE OF SCALE
INTRODUCTION TO COMPLEX
CONCEPT OF LINES, LINE WORK & LINE
PERSPECTIVES
TYPES
•ONE POINT
INTRODUCTION TO BASIC GEOMETRY
(SHAPES & SOLIDS) •TWO POINT
TECHNICAL DRAWINGS •THREE POINT
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS TECHNICAL DRAFTING (BUILDING)
•(PLANS, SECTIONS & ELEVATIONS) •PLANS
ISOMETRICS AND OBLIQUE PROJECTIONS •SECTIONS
SKETCHING & LIGHT STUDIES (BASIC •ELEVATIONS
SOLIDS)
•DETAILS
LETTERING & RELATED EXERCISES
ARCHITECTURAL & DESIGN
RENDERING TECHNIQUES
LIGHTING STUDIES
INTRODUCTION TO MODEL MAKING
MATERIALS
BASIC SOLID MODELS
SYMBOLS

What are SYMBOLS ?

Do SYMBOLS SYMBOLIZE ?

How do they SYMBOLIZE ?

Any Examples ?
SYMBOLS
SYMBOLS

Are these SYMBOLS ?

What are THEY?

SYMBOLS

Does these SIGNS show

EMOTIONS?
SYMBOLS

Can SYMBOLS show EMOTIONS?

LINES AS SYMBOLS

What is a LINE ?

What are the two Basic Types of

LINES ?

MASCULINE FEMININE
LINES AS SYMBOLS

How Lines Symbolize in Architecture

LINES AS SYMBOLS
Lines Symbolizing an Architectural Concept

Brick Country House-Mies Van Der Rohe

LINES AS SYMBOLS
Lines as Architectural / Design
Language

Shows the Profile of the object through defined lines / outlines.

Shows the Profile of the object / building through defined lines.

A construction lines are a lightly drawn lines that aid in drawing all
other lines or shapes properly. These lines are lightly drawn and
they help with the construction of shapes and figures.
LINES AS SYMBOLS

Shows the Profile of the object through which a section has been
cut to see inside or through it.

Highlights the section line to define the profile of the CUT Section.

Shows the objects above the Plan or Sectional Plan Level.

LINES AS SYMBOLS

Shows the Reference between the objects and marks the central
axis of objects, columns and walls.

Shows the distance between points, objects and reference lines.

Lighter Lines
Recede

Darker Lines
Advance
LINES AS SYMBOLS

Emphasis on Receding and Advancing

TOOLS

• Pencils – regular/ mechanical

• Pens – Pointers / Rapidograph/ Rotring / Liners /
Color-coded / Stylus  0.18 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm and
0.7 mm
• Drafting Papers
• Drafting Boards
• Drafting / Masking tape
• Ruler square/Square sets/ Protractors
• Architectural Scale (Metric / Imperial)
• T-squares/Parallel bars / Rolling parallel ruler
• Drafting Machine/Pantograph
• Compasses
• French Curves / Splines
• Drafting templates
• Eraser – eraser guides / sheilds
• Dusters
DEMO 1

• Setting-up a Drafting Board