ELEMENTS &

PRINCIPLES OF
ART
CONTENTS:

■Visual Element
■Artwork Analysis
■The Rule of the Thirds
■Principles of Art
■Elements of Art: Auditory
Visual Element
■ The element of LINE

■ The element of C O L O R

■ The element of shape

■ The element of Space

■ The element of value

■ The element of texture

■ The element of time & motion

Fig 3
Fig 4
 The Element of Line

■each edge between different colors or

different shapes can be seen as a line
■lines define shapes and can be used by the
artist to guide the eye of the viewer through
the painting
■can be used to communicate a sense of
movement, energy, or stillness
Kinds of Line
■Horizontal lines
■Vertical lines
■Diagonal lines
■Zigzag lines
■Curved lines
■Actual and Implied lines
Horizontal lines
■ Lines that
are parallel
to the
horizon
■ Indicates
calmness

Fig 5
Vertical lines

■They start from

the bottom going
up or vice versa
■Shows strength,
balance and
stability
Fig 6
Diagonal lines

■Also called slanting or

inclined lines
■Between a vertical
and horizontal line
■Look as if they are
either rising or falling

Fig 7
Zigzag lines
■ Completed from
a mixture of
diagonal lines
■ The diagonals
forms angles
and change
direction
■ Zigzags indicate
chaos and
conflict
Fig 8
Curved lines
■Curvilinear
■Adjust
direction
naturally
■Employs
flow

Fig 9
Actual and Implied Lines
■Actual lines- the artist
intentionally shows the
lines in an artwork

■Implied lines- used to

make the viewer feel their
involvement in interpreting
the composition by
connecting lines where
none actually exists. Fig 10
ACTIVITY: PULL STRING ART
Materials:
■ Yarn
■ Paint
■ Oslo paper
■ Used paper
■ Disposable cup/plastic bottle
 THE ELEMENT OF COLOR
■ Property possessed by an object of producing different
sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object
reflects or emits light.

■ the most expressive element of art

■ It shares powerful connection with emotion (e.g. blue-

calm)

■ Colors appeal to our emotions and interact with the

physiology of the visual system

■ Colors are only seen with light (no light=no color)

The Discovery of Colors

Fig 11
 ■ The color wheel was
developed by Sir Isaac
Newton
■ by taking the color
spectrum and bending
it into a circle
■ Has the same order of
the color spectrum-
red, orange, yellow,
green, blue,
indigo(blue-violet),
■ acronym ROY G. BIV

Fig
12
Physical Properties of Color
■Hue- pertains to the name for which the color is known
- it is determined by the wavelength of light physically
given by the color
Examples: red, blue, green (visible colors in the spectrum)

■Value- refers to the lightness or darkness of a color

-pertains to the absence of white or black

■Intensity or saturation- refers to how pure the color is

-colors high in saturation tend to be bright
-low saturation tend to be dull
Actual Demonstration of the Physical Properties of
Colors
 Types of Colors

■Primary
■Secondary
■Intermediate
■Tertiary
■Neutral
■Warm and Cool
 Primary Colors
■no two colors can be
mixed to create them

■all other colors found

on the color wheel can
be created by mixing
primary colors
together
Fig 15
Secondary Colors
■created by mixing
equal parts of any
two primary colors

Yellow + Blue= Green

Red +Blue
Violet/Purple Fig 16
Red + Yellow=
Intermediate Colors

■created by a
combination of a
primary and
secondary color

■Examples: red-
orange, yellow- Fig 17

green
 Tertiary Colors
■ created by
combining any two
secondary colors

■ neutralizing one
color by adding its
complement or
opposite color in
color wheel
■ All three primary
colors when mixed
will create a shade Figure 18
 Neutral Colors
■ colors that doesn’t show similar
characteristics with others
■ Colors that cannot be found in the color
wheel

■ White- the presence of all colors because

it occurs when a surface reflects all the
color wavelengths equally

■ Black- absence of color (surface absorbs

all the color, thus reflects none of them)

■ Gray/Grey- impure white, neither black Figure 19

nor white (partial reflection of all
Warm and Cool Colors

■Warm and cool colors

have temperature
■Warm colors-
associated with the
sun and fire
■Cool colors-associated
with air, sky, water,
earth
any color containing
blue
Figure 20
 References
■ Art Appreciation Panisan, Wilson. (2018). Mutya Publishing House. Inc.
Element of Line
■ Figure 1 https://www.vincentvangogh.org/almond-blossom.jsp
■ Figure 2 https://www.pablopicasso.org/painter-and-model.jsp
■ Figure 3 https://stampsy.com/stamp/10956
■ Figure 4 https://www.mypromolife.com/blog/2014/12/emf-electricitys-invisible-pollution
■ Figure 5 https://www.centralcoastcreamery.com/seascape/
■ Figure 6
https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/why-pianos-have-88-keys
/
■ Figure 7
https://www.shopittome.com/sale/ann-taylor-diagonal-stripe-wrap-dress/abv1a6848ac
■ Figure 8
https://inhabitat.com/12-stunning-zigzag-homes-hide-behind-australias-longest-ramme
d-earth-wall/
■ Figure 9 https://www.william-merritt-chase.org/A-Study-In-Curves.html
■ Figure 10 https://thevirtualinstructor.com/blog/losing-edges-in-drawings
References
■ Element of Colors
■ Figure 11
https://www.quora.com/When-a-monochromatic-light-passes-through-a-prism-will-it-show-dis
persion
■ Figure 12
https://pocketmags.com/history-revealed-magazine/december-2016/articles/42852/isaac-ne
wton
■ Figure 13 https://www.the-scientist.com/foundations/newtons-color-theory-ca-1665-31931
■ https://www.the-scientist.com/foundations/newtons-color-theory-ca-1665-31931
■ Figure 14 https://www.musical-u.com/learn/get-familiar-with-the-dorian-mode/
■ Figure 15 https://artintegrity.wordpress.com/2008/03/20/11-your-art-stories-here/
■ Figure 16
https://blog.thepapermillstore.com/blogdev/color-theory-introduction-color-wheel/secondary-
colors/
■ Figure 17 https://www.smore.com/xjsyk-color-wheel-eye-balls
■ Figure 18 https://www.quora.com/What-are-complementary-colors-What-are-some-examples
■ Figure 19 http://lq-audio.com/color-wheel-with-neutrals/neutral-color-wheel-18-with-neutrals/

■ Figure 20 https://www.smore.com/xjsyk-color-wheel-eye-balls