Mikhail Lomonosov

(9 November 1711 - 15 April 1765)

was born in the village of Mishaninskaya. He was a son of
poor fisherman. At nineteen, he went to Moscow on foot,
because he was determined to "study sciences". He
entered an Academy, but soon was expelled because of
lying that he was the son of a priest.
Quickly after he resumed his studies there and completed
in five years a twelve-year study course and in 1736 was
awarded a scholarship at the St. Petersburg Academy.
Seven months later he left for Germany to study at the
University of Marburg.
Lomonosov returned to Russia in June 1741. A year later he
was named an Adjunct of the Russian Academy of Science
in the physics department. Eager to improve Russia's
educational system, in 1755, Lomonosov joined his patron
Count Ivan Shuvalov in founding Moscow University. In
1764, Lomonosov was appointed to the position of the
State Councilor. He is widely known as the "Father of
Russian Science”.
-Lomonosov was the first to the atmosphere of Venus
during his observation of the transit of Venus of 1761 in
a small observatory near his house in St Petersburg
-Lomonosov, together with Lavoisier, is regarded as the
one who discovered the law of mass conservation
-Lomonosov was the first person to record the freezing
of mercury and to carry out initial experiments with it.
Believing that nature is subject to regular and
continuous evolution, he demonstrated the organic
origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber. He
published a catalogue of over 3,000 minerals, and
explained the formation of icebergs
-Lomonosov wrote a grammar that reformed the
Russian literary language by combining Old Church
Slavonic with the vernacular tongue
-In 1760 Lomonosov published a History of Russia

Lomonosov had a huge impact on the development and

promotion science in Russia
Rosa Parks
(February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005)

was an American activist in the civil

rights movement. The United States
Congress has called her "the first lady
of civil rights" and "the mother of the
freedom movement".
She lived and worked in Montgomery where
racial segregation laws had the black people
disadvantaged. Apparently, black people were not
allowed to sit alongside white people in public
buses.
There were special reserved seats for them in the
rear end of the bus and their seating was based
completely on the discretion of the driver.
One day, when Parks was coming back from work,
she was asked to give up her seat to a white
passenger, to which she said no. She was arrested
in 1955 for this act, and the incident caused the
‘Civil Rights Movement’ to flare up.
Parks grew up, worked, and lived most of her life
in Montgomery where she was part of a social
activist group along with her husband.
Throughout her life, she devoted her time and
energy for social causes and emancipation of
African-Americans.
 For her participation in the ‘Civil Rights Movement,’ Parks was honored with many awards,
including ‘Spingarn Medal,’ ‘Martin Luther King Jr. Award,’ ‘Academy of Achievement's Golden
Plate Award,’ ‘Presidential Medal of Freedom,’ ‘Congressional Gold Medal,’ and the ‘Windsor–
Detroit International Freedom Festival Freedom Award.’