Unit of power ?

•SI unit of power is watt

Define one watt ?
• 
• Power = current x potential difference = ( I x V)
• I watt = 1 Ampere x 1 Volt

• One watt is the power consumed by a device that carries 1A

of current when operated at potential difference of one volt.

• P =

• 1Watt =

• when one joule of work is done in one second of time ,the

power is said to be one watt.
Commercial unit of electrical energy

• What is unit of energy ?

• Joule
• Commercial unit of electrical energy is kilowatt
hour(KWh)
• What is unit ?
• Kilowatt hour is also known as unit
• Convert KWh to joule?
• I KWh = I KW x h
• = 1000W x 60 x 60 s =3600000Ws=3.6 x 106
J
• An electric bulb is connected to a 220V generator .The
current is 0.50A what is the power of the bulb

• Power = Voltage × current

• P = VI
= 220V × 0.5 A
= 110 W
An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When it is
operated on 110 V, the power consumed will be –

•  Energy consumed by an appliance is given by the

expression
P = VI =

R =

R = = 484Ω
•  The resistance of the bulb remains constant even if the
supply voltage is reduced to 110 V.
The expression for power as
P = = = 25W
Two conducting wires of the same material and of
equal lengths and equal diameters are first
connected in series and then parallel in a circuit
across the same potential difference. The ratio of
heat produced in series and parallel combinations
would be – that
•  It is given • Heat
  developed -
resistors are equal. • Hp =
So, for series
combination • Hs = x t
RS=R+R=2R
For parallel • = = =
combination of
resistances • = ; Hp : Hs = 1:4
= + =
• R p =
•
•• An
  electric refrigerator rated 400W operates 8
hours day . what is the cost of energy to operate it
for the month of 30 days ,at Rs 3 rupees per kWh

Electricity bill = total units (KWh) x cost for

each unit
= x cost for one unit

• = x3 = Rs.288
•
•  How many 176 Ω resistors (in parallel) are required to
carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
• let us assume there is n number of resistor required. since all
the resistors are connected in parallel connection so the
equivalence resistance.
=R total =  =
Using ohms law
V =I R
220 = 5 × () In series R total =
nx

= = 4
Several electric bulbs designed to be used on a 220 V electric supply line, are
rated 10 W. How many lamps can be connected in parallel with each other
across the two wires of 220 V line if the maximum allowable current is 5 A?

•  Resistance R of the bulb is • According

  to Ohm’s law,
given by the expression, V = I R
Let R is the total resistance of
• R= the circuit for  n number of
electric bulbs
R = V/I
   = 220/5 = 44 Ω
Resistance of each electric
bulb,
• R1 = 4840Ω
• R total = = 44 =
•
• n = = 110