ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINNEERING

TOPIC:- SHORT AND LONG DISTANCE

BREATHING APPARATUS

PRESENTEDBY:-
PRESENTED BY:-
1.1. RANJITH
RANJITHPP
2.2. SURIYA
SURIYASS
3.3. VENKATESH
VENKATESH
4.4. YYMMABHISHEK
ABHISHEK
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CONTENTS:-
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SHORT DITANCE SELF CONTAINING BREATHING APPARATUS
3. WORKING OF SD-SCBA
4. LONG DISTANCE SELF CONTAINING BREATHING APPARATUS
5. WORKING OF LD-SCBA
Introduction:-

A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), sometimes referred to as a compressed air

breathing apparatus (CABA) or simply breathing apparatus (BA), is a device worn by rescue
 workers, firefighters, and others to provide breathable air in an immediately dangerous to life or
health atmosphere (IDLH). When not used underwater, they are sometimes called industrial
breathing sets. The term self-contained means that the breathing set is not dependent on a remote
supply (e.g., through a long hose).
 Open-circuit self contained breathing
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apparatus
SHORT DISTANCE
BREATHING APPARATUS
• Open-circuit industrial breathing sets are filled with
filtered, compressed air, rather than pure oxygen.
• Open-circuit systems have two regulators .
• It as a full-face mask, regulator, air cylinder,
cylinder pressure gauge, remote pressure gauge& a
harness with adjustable shoulder straps and waist
belt which lets it be worn on the back.
• The air cylinder usually comes in one of three
standard sizes:4liter, 6 liter, or 6.8liter
• The duration of the cylinder can be calculated by
using formula :- volume (in liters) * pressure (in
bars) / 40 - 10 in minutes (the 10 is subtracted to
provide a safety margin),
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LONG DISTANCE SELF

CONTAINING
BREATHING APPARATUS:-
• Closed-circuit type filters, supplements, and re-
circulates exhaled gas.
• It is used when a longer-duration supply of
breathing gas is needed, such as in mine rescue
 & in long tunnels, and going through passages
too narrow for a big open-circuit air cylinder.
• CC-SCBAs also weigh less than OC-SCBAs
because they use a smaller cylinder that contains
pure oxygen.
• The full-face piece mask of a CC-SCBA holds in
the breathing air and is designed to provide some
protection from the operational environment.
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WORKING OF SD-SCBA:-
• Typical open-circuit systems have two
regulators.
• First stage to reduce the pressure of air
to allow it to be carried to the mask,
and
• Second stage regulator to reduce it
even further to a level just above
standard atmospheric pressure.
• This air is then fed to the mask via
either a demand valve or a continuous
positive pressure valve.
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WORKING OF LD-SCBA
• CC-SCBAs allow users to recycle their exhaled breath by
absorbing the carbon dioxide produced and adding
oxygen to replace that which has been metabolized.
• The addition of oxygen is necessary since continued re-
breathing of the recycled gas depletes oxygen.
• the gas must be replenished with oxygen to maintain the
required concentration.
• Addition of oxygen to the recycled gas must be done in
conjunction with the removal of carbon dioxide.
• Buildup of carbon dioxide in the recycled gas could
initially result in mild respiratory distress and rapidly
develop into carbon dioxide toxicity.
• CC-SCBAs use carbon dioxide scrubbers to chemically
remove the carbon dioxide from the recycled air.
APPLICATION OF CC-SCBA
 Depending on the operational needs, emergency teams may want CC-SCBAs equipped
with special features. For example, systems used in fire scenarios need to be reasonably
heat and fire resistant.
 Special coatings may be applied to CC-SCBA systems that may be used in corrosive
environments.
 Systems may need to be reinforced against other elements that might be encountered in
operational situations, such as falling debris.

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SPECIAL FEATURES OF CC-SCBA
 Face pieces are usually equipped with harnesses to adjust to various face shapes and have
a dual-sealing line to ensure a tight fit.
 Other features of face pieces include optimized viewports for an improved field of vision
and, sometimes, a wiper.
 Some masks provide a drinking system that allows the wearer to drink through a straw.
 The system is activated when a biting valve is pressed together by the teeth.

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