COMMUNICATION

Sayanika Dutta
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Mass Communication, Journalism & Media Studies
(MJMS)
Cotton University
 Learning Objectives
 To discuss the concept and nature of
Communication
 To know the elements of communication
and stages in a communication process
 To know the different types of
communications
 To discuss the barriers of communication
 What is Communication?
Derived from Latin word communis (share)

Exchange of messages, perceptions,

knowledge or information through any of
these

Speech Signals Symbols Visuals Writings Attitude

 Nature of Communication
 Two-way process
 Knowledge of language
 Communication needs consensus
 Message must be substantial
 Can be written, oral or through actions and
gestures (head nod, rolling of eyes etc)
 All pervasive, omnipresent
 Continuous process
 May be formal or informal
7 Constituents of Communication

Source Message

Encoding Message

Channel Message

Feedback Decoding Message

Receiver
 The communication process
Person A Person B

Sender Receiver
1. Intended meaning 3. Communication 4. Decoding
2. Encoding channel 5. Perceived meaning

9. Decoding 6. Intended meaning

10. Perceived meaning 8. Communication 7. Encoding
channel
 One-way versus Two-way
Communication

One-way communication

More common as
One-directional
flow from sender
No feedback it is faster and
loop easier for the
to receiver sender
 Types of Communication

According to Expression of
Communication
Non-verbal
Verbal (Kinesics, Oculesics,
Haptics, Proxemics,
(Oral & Written) Chronemics)
 Types of Grapevines

 Single strand chain

 Gossip chain
 Probability chain
 Cluster chain
Principles of Effective Communication

 Self-satisfaction
 Clarity
 Attention
 Consistency
 Adequacy
 Timeliness
 Feedback
Communication Channels

Oral

Face-to-face discussion
Telephone conversation
Formal presentation
Speeches
Grapevine
Lectures
Meetings etc
Barriers to Communication
 Effective
Classroom
Communication
 Forms of Communication & Implications in Classroom

Intrapersonal

Enabling external stimuli by a teacher can

encourage positive intrapersonal
communication in the students
Barriers to Effective Classroom Communication

 Perception
 Language
 Lack of effective listening
 Cultural differences
 Anxiety
 Medical / Physiological issues
 Poor channels
 Inconsistency in message
 Emotional state
 Lack of credibility