Mass Transfer

Fundamentals
(ChE-206)
Lecture No. 6
Estimation of DAB for Gases
• Experimentally measured values for different mixtures are given in
Table 2.1.
• Experimental methods
• Empirical correlations / predictive equations
 Twin Bulb Method
• Initially, connecting valve is closed.
• Bulb A is filled with component A.  𝑁 𝐵 V2
V1
• Bulb B is filled with component B.
• Open the valve to allow diffusion.
• After sometime, valve is closed.
• Samples are taken from both bulbs for 𝑁
  𝐴
analysis.
• Concentration change is small as compared to
Equimolar Counter diffusion
bulb volume.
  Steady state rate of mass
• Diffusion through connecting tube is steady
transfer:
state.
•  Since, equimolar counter diffusion is in progress. So,
• =-

Conc. Change within bulbs is:

 
  1
 − 𝑑 𝑝 𝐴 1 𝑎𝑁 𝐴 ∗ 𝑅𝑇  
Rearranging =
𝑑𝑡 𝑉1

 2
 𝑑 𝑝 𝐴 2 𝑎𝑁 𝐴 ∗ 𝑅𝑇  
Rearranging =
𝑑𝑡 𝑉2

• Combine eq. 1 & 2

−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿
 
 
+
   𝑎 𝐷 𝐴𝐵 ( 𝑝 𝐴 1 − 𝑝 𝐴 2 )
𝑎𝑁 𝐴 =
𝑅𝑇 ∗𝑙

 
−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿
 
−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿ Integrating t, 0  t’

Stefan Tube
Predictive Equations
(i) Chapman & Enskog Relation
• Derived from Kinetic Molecular theory of gases.
• Based on molecular properties.
Assumptions:
• Molecules are regarded as rigid spheres.
(ii) Hirschfelder Relation
• It accounts forces of attraction/repulsion.
• For non-polar, non reacting molecules.
(iii) Fuller Relation
• For dilute gases
• Non polar binary gas mixtures.
• Applicable at low pressure
• Table 2.4