Anatomy of the heart

HMU English Club

 Contents

1. Location & orientation

2. The pericardium
3. The heart wall and chambers
4. The valves
5. The coronary circulation
6. The cardiac veins
7. The cardiac conduction system
 LOCATION & ORIENTATION

• Location: the mediasternum – the thoracic

cavity
• Size: fist, about ( ) in male, and ( ) in female
• Shape: pyramid
• Orientation: the bases and the apex ;the
left pulmonary, the right pulmonary, and
the diaphragmatic surface.
 The pericardium
The double- walled sac
• The parietal pericardium
• The visceral pericardium
• The pericardial cavity- pericardial fluid
 THE GREAT VESSELS
• The aorta artery
• The pulmonary trunk:
– The left pulmonary artery
– The right pulmonary artery
• The superior & inferior venae cavae
• The pulmonary veins
 The heart wall & the chambers
• Three layers: • The sulci
– The epicardium – Coronary sulcus
– The myocardium – The anterior & posterior
– The endocardium interventricular sulci
• Four chambers: • The septa
– The right and left atria – The interatrial septum
– The right and left – The interventricular
ventricles septum
 THE VALVES
• A valve: functions, cusps, covered with.
• The atrioventricular (AV) valves:
– The right AV (tricuspid) valve
– The left AV (bicuspid) valve or mitral valve
• The semilular valves:
– The pulmonary valve
– The aortic valve
• Chordae tendineae & papillary muscles
 THE CORONARY CIRCULATION
• The origins
• The left coronary artery (LCA):
– The anterior interventricular artery or the left
anterior descending (LAD) artery
– The circumflex artery
• The right coronary artery (RCA):
– The sinu-atrial nodal branches
– The marginal artery
– The posterior interventricular artery
 THE CARDIAC VEINS
• The great cardiac vein
• The middle cardiac vein
• The small cardiac vein
• The posterior cardiac vein
• The smallest cardiac veins (20% of the
coronary blood)
 THE CARDIAC CONDUCTION
SYSTEM
• The Sinoatrial (SA) node: pacemaker
• The atrioventricular (AV) node
• The atrioventricular (AV) bundle or His’
bundle
• The right & the left bundle branches
• Purkinje fibers
Thank for listening