Abstract No.

Q7661
4A
5t

Dh
Aa
Srve

st

Effect of boron on yield and growth charactricts of urdbean in district Varanasi .

Shakti Om Pathak1, R.P. Singh and Vipin Kumar

1
Ph.D. Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, SVPUAT, Modipuram, Meerut
2
Associate Professor, U.P College Varanasi
Table 2:. Effect of basal application of boron on growth attributes of urdbean at
Introduction different days of intervals
Urdbean [Vignamungo (L.) Hepper] is one of the important pulse crop grown through out the country
during rainy season. It is a self pollinated leguminous crop which contain 24 % protein, 60 % Plant height (cm) No. of leaves No. of branches No. of nodules
carbohydrate, 1.3 % fat, 3.2 % mineral, 0.9 % fiber, 154 mg calcium, 385 mg phosphorus, 9.1 mg iron and Treatments (DAS) (DAS) (DAS)
small amount of vitamin –B complex. Being a short duration crop, it fits well in various multiple and
30 60 30 60 30 60 45
intercropping systems. After removing pods, its plant may be used as good quality green or dry fodder for
animal. Being a leguminous crop, its dual role in providing protein rich seeds and improving soil fertility
T0 = Control 17.45 22.33 33.83 40.16 7.56 9.83 6.33
by adding nitrogen in the soil is well known. Pulses are the main source of dietary protein particularly for
Vegetarians and contribute about 14 per cent of total protein of an average Indian diet. Pulses cover an T1=RDF (NPK 37.75 43.50 8.33
22.20 26.58 8.45 11.54
area of about 23.63 million hectares with an annual production of 14.76 million tones and production of @20:20:30 kg ha-1)
708 kg/ha in our country (GOI, 2014). Production of pulses in the country is for below the requirement to 43.58 11
T2 = (RDF + B @
meet even the minimum level per capita consumption. The per capita availability in pulses is decreasing 23.20 27.50 40.33 10.12 12.23
fast from 60.7 g in 1951 to 47.2 g in 2014 as against the minimum requirement of 104 g per capita per day 0.5 kg ha-1)
as prescribed by ICMR which is causing malnutrition among the growing people (Commodity India, T3 = (RDF + B @ 42.41 48.00 12.66
23.45 28.13 11.89 13.98
2007). Hence, it is necessary for Agriculture scientists to evolve to meet out the protein requirement of 1.0 kg ha-1)
increasing population of the country. 43.41 48.50 15.33
T4 = (RDF +B @
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient required for crop growth and yield due to its major role in 24.80 28.16 13.35 15.12
formation and maintenance of cell wall and cell membrane integrity. Course-textured acid soils of humid 2.0 kg ha-1)
and per humid regions. Calcareous soils and those with low or organic matter content are more prone to B T5 = (RDF +B @ 31.83 38.08 5
16.83 21.50 7.10 9.23
deficiency (Dwivediet al. 1990 andNiazet al.2013). Boron (B) in the form of boric acid or borate, is an 2.5 kg ha-1)
essential micronutrient element for plant growth and development (Loomis and Durst 1992). Boron is 2.94 1.84 0.59
SEm+ 1.25 1.23 1.00 0.72
retained in soils by adsorption on to minerals and humic particles and by forming insoluble precipitates
(Gpblberg and Glaubig, 1985). CD (0.05) 2.79 NS 6.55 4.10 2.22 1.60 1.31
objectives:
1. To observe the effect of boron on growth of urdbean.
2. To study the effect of boron on yield of urdbean Table 3 : Effect of treatments on nitrogen phosphorus potasssium and boron status of
3. To find out the effect of boron on N, P and K status of soil. soil in at harvest stage.
.
Methodology Treatment Nitrogen (kg ha- Phosphorus (kg ha-
1
) 1
) Potassium (kg ha-1) Boron (ppm)
Experimental site conducted at the research plot of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry and
Soil Science, UdaiPratap(Autonomous) College, Varanasi. T0 224.36 11.50
188.56 0.27
Plot size : 3 m x 2m
Recommended Fertilizer dose : 20: 20: 30 N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1 T1 229.70 12.83
198.53 0.28
Design :R.B.D, Replications : Three
The soil of the experimental field was well drained, sandy loam in texture, T2 234.76 14.50
alkaline in reaction (pH 7.56), low in available nitrogen, medium in available 202.63 0.40
phosphorus and potassium with an electrical conductivity 0.35 dSm-1. T3 239.36 16.50
Treatment Details :six treatments comprising Control, in RBD with three replications. 207.5 0.43
T0 = Control (No input), T1 = RDF (NPK @20:20:30 kg ha-1), T2 = (RDF + B @ 0.5 kg ha-1), T3 = (RDF T4 244.93 18.68
+ B @ 1.0 kg ha-1), T4 = (RDF +B @ 2.0 kg ha-1), T5 = (RDF +B @ 2.5 kg ha-1). 211.8 0.47
T5 216.66 10.25 143.73 0.53
SEm± 0.34 0.86
0.29 0.006
Results and Discussion
CD (P=0.05) 0.77 1.93 0.65 0.014

Among the treatments i.e. T4. RDF + 2 kg/ha-1 boron significantly produce higher plant height at 30 & 60 DAS
as 24.80 and 28.16 respectively, number of leaves at 30 & 60 DAS as 43.41 and 48.50 respectively, number of
branches at 30 & 60 DAS as 13.35 and 15.12 respectively and significantly highest number of nodules
recorded at 45 DAS as 15.33.
Basal application of boron increased the vegetative growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves,
number of branches and also increased the number of nodules per plant.
These results are in similar finding was reported by Mandal et al., (2005) and Pandey and Gupta (2012). This
might be due to quick availability of boron to crop during the entire growing season. Boron plays an
important role in tissue differentiation and carbohydrate metabolism. It is also a constituent of cell
membrane and essential for cell division, maintenance of conducting tissue with regulatory effect on other
element. It is also necessary for sugar translocation in plant and development of new cell in meristematic
tissue.
Similar trend finding by Kaisher et al., (2010) observed that boron has significant effect on plant height,
number of branches plant-, number of pods plant-, and seed yield of mung bean.

Table 1Effect of basal application of boron on yield and yield attributes of urdbean
Conclusion
Treatments No. of pods plant- Grain yield (q ha-1) Stover yield (q ha-1)

T0 = Control 10.10 4.78 8.9 Based on the result of the study, it could be concluded that application of boron increased
T1=RDF (NPK the growth and yield of urdbean as compared to without boron. Besides the yield
@20:20:30 kg ha-1) 11.62 5.90 9.96 advantage, residual soil fertility in terms of organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus
T2 = (RDF + B @ and boron was also improved. A dose of 2kg B ha-1 was found to be the best level of
13.25 7.55 12.16 application. Application of B @ 2.5kg ha-1had negative impact on growth and yield of
0.5 kg ha-1)
urdbean.
T3 = (RDF + B @
1.0 kg ha-1) 16.10 9.63 14.76
T4 = (RDF +B @
2.0 kg ha-1) 18.25 11.90 16.81
T5 = (RDF +B @
2.5 kg ha-1) 8.10 3.11 7.08

SEm+ 0.92 0.09 0.07

CD (0.05) 2.05 0.21 0.16

References

Dwivedi, B.S., Ram, M., Singh, B.P., Das, M. and Prasad, R.N. (1990) Differential response of crop to boron fertilizer in acid alfisols.Indian Journal of Agricultural Science60, 122-127
Goldberg, S., and R.A. Glaubig. 1985. Boron adsorption on aluminum and iron oxide minerals. Soil Science Society of American Journal49:1374-1379.
Loomis W D and Durst RW 1992 Chemistry and biology of boron.Biofactor3 229-239.