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Coase Theorem: - Aaksha Sajnani - Muskaan Dargar
Coase Theorem: - Aaksha Sajnani - Muskaan Dargar
Coase Theorem: - Aaksha Sajnani - Muskaan Dargar
-AAKSHA SAJNANI
-MUSKAAN DARGAR
RONALD HARRY COASE
(1910 – 2013) WAS A BRITISH
ECONOMIST AND AUTHOR.
HE WAS THE PROFESSOR OF
ECONOMICS AT
THE UNIVERSITY OF
CHICAGO LAW SCHOOL. HE
RECEIVED THE NOBEL
MEMORIAL PRIZE IN
ECONOMIC SCIENCES IN 1991
FOR HIS ARTICLE ON “THE
NATURE OF THE FIRM”.
Emergence of coase theory: Pigouvian
theory
Over the years, the problem of how to internalize of
external effects is dominated by Pigouvian theory. To
some extent, Coase theory is developed through the
criticisim of Pigouvian theory.
In a very simple way, Pigouvian solution prefer to use
government intervention to solve externality while
Coasean solution prefer to use market method to solve
externality.
Cont.
Pigou believes that government should impose taxes and subsidies, the
externality problem could be internalized. And such policy is known as
Pigouvian solution, and the tax is called Pigouvian tax.
Pigovian solution has been widely used. In the field of infrastructure, the
policy is who invest who benefits; in the environmental protection, the
policy is who pollute who pay(a.k.a Polluter Pays Principle PPP).
Whereas according to Coase theorem, If the transaction cost is zero, no
matter how the initial definition of property rights is, optimal allocation
of resources can be achieved through market.
Coasian solution shows that even there is a market failure it doesn't
automatically means we should use government intervention.
THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL COST
(COASE THEOREM)
➢ The Coase Theorem addresses the question of how
effectively private markets can deal with externalities. In
essence, it states that private parties can solve the problem
of externalities on their own, if they can bargain over the
allocation of resources without cost.
➢ Theorem states that where there is a conflict of property
rights, the involved parties can bargain or negotiate terms
that are more beneficial to both parties than the outcome of
any assigned property rights.
CONT.
➢ The theorem also asserts that in order for this to occur,
bargaining must be costless; if there are costs associated
with bargaining, such as those relating to meetings or
enforcement, it affects the outcome.
➢ With costless market transactions the decision of the court
concerning liability for damage would be without effect on
the allocation of resources.
ASSUMPTIONS OF THEOREM