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Finals Material Self
Finals Material Self
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Develop understanding about material self.
2. Describe the basic components of material self.
3. Discuss the influence of media in material
possessions.
4. Develop qualities of wise buyer.
Activity:
1. List down all the material things that you possess.
2. List down all the things that you want to have.
3. Crash out 5 items that you can easily throw away.
4. Crash out another 5 items that you are willing to
give away.
5. Pick 5 items that you cannot live without.
6. Exchange those items that you want to have but
you can live without.
7. What is that 1 item that define you as the person
you are. Why?
How then a possession define you as a person or
as your SELF?
According to William James, material self is
“the sum total of all that he can call his, not only his
body and his psychic powers, but his clothes and his
house, his wife and children, his ancestors and
friends, his reputation and works, his lands, and
yacht and bank-account.
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Demonstrate understanding of the spiritual self.
2. Explain the importance of spirituality in one’s
life.
3. Discuss how spirituality is connected to religion.
4. Describe how spirituality develops.
5. Identify the different spiritual beliefs of
indigenous people in the Philippines.
The spiritual aspect is the inner essence, the part of
the self that connects the person to the sacred, the
supernatural, and the universe.
The spiritual self enables the person to experience
a feeling of oneness with God and the universe and
gives a deeper purpose or meaning of one’s life.
Understanding and nurturing the spiritual self is
important as the other aspects of the self.
The spiritual self develops through interaction,
observation, and imitation.
The family, school, and church play a very
important role in the child’s spiritual development.
Spirituality begins at an early age but develops
throughout life as people continuously interact in the
environment.
Spirituality
The root meaning of spirituality is taken from
the Latin word spiritus, meaning breath or life
force.
Spirituality can be understood as a search for
the sacred, a process through which people seek to
discover, hold on to, and, when necessary,
transform whatever they hold sacred in their lives.
Spirituality generally refers to meaning and
purpose in one’s life, a search for wholeness, and a
relationship with a transcendent being.
The term “spirituality” originally developed in
early Christianity. Christians use the term “Spirit” to
describe the Holy Spirit.
In Christian ethics, it is characterized by
reverence, faith, fear, trust, love and admiration
which is intimately connected to God.
Worship is regarded as an essential act to
realize the ultimate meaning of transcendence and
human life.
Acts of worship may include prayer, reading the
bible, attending sacraments, and doing sacrifices.
Spirituality is connected with religion. Religion
is an organized system of ideas about the spiritual
sphere or the supernatural along with associated
ceremonial practices by which people try to
interpret and/or influence aspects of the universe
otherwise beyond their control.
All religions recognize the importance of
spirituality in one’s life.
One’s spirituality may be expressed through
religion and participation in religious rituals and
ceremonies.
Spirituality and religion fulfill numerous social
and psychological needs, such as the need to explain
human sufferings and death. Through the practice of
religious activities such as prayers, people may find
comfort, security and stability in times of sufferings,
loss, insecurities, and uncertainties.
The Practice of Animism
Spirituality is often associated with animism. As
the child embodies spiritual beliefs about God and the
sacred; it also includes the primitive concept about
animism.
Animism or the belief that creatures, objects, and
places possess spirits such as bathala, diwata,
duwende, kapre, and aswang.
Some of the indigenous people like the Mangyans,
Ifugaos, and Igorots believe that spirits influence
living things (trees, rocks, animals) and space in the
universe (moutains, sea, sky).
Despite of all the scientific progress and
technological achievements, existence of animism
still remains.
The practice of animism may also affect the
spiritual self. Among the sources of animism is
ignorance or lack of education especially in distant
and isolated places.
However, one must admit that there are forces in
this world that are unusual and cannot be explained
by science and modern technology.
Concept activity No. 2- October 4, 2018
Answer the following questions.
1. Distinguish the difference between belief in
spirits and belief in the Holy Spirit.
2. What is the relationship between religion and
spirituality?
3. Give at least two kinds of spiritual beliefs
(animism) in the Philippines. What are the
reasons for having those spiritual beliefs?
4. What are the functions of the Church in
developing the spiritual self?
Political Self
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Describe the nature, functions, and origins of political
self.
2. Discuss the role of family, school, church, peer groups,
and media in the development of political self.
3. Determine the importance of social interaction in
political self.
4. Identify and describe the theoretical perspectives in the
development of political self.
Politics is a social institution through which
power is acquired and exercised by some people and
groups.
In Aristotle’s work Politics, he describes the role
that politics and the political community must play
in bringing about the virtuous life in the citizenry.
Citizenship is the most basic identification with
the nation. Citizenship is a term denoting
membership of a citizen in a political society.
As a citizen, the person enjoys full civil and political
rights, including protection inside and outside the
territory of the State.
Political Self and Identity
The political self is an essential part of the self
because it constitutes knowledge about the Constitution,
government, and governance.
The political self helps in defining the structure and
functions of the government.
One component of the political self is identity, the
person’s understanding of who and what he or she is.
That is, for each person there must be an understanding
of himself or herself.
Origins of Political Self
The family has a hierarchical structure, which
requires that each member performs their roles.
The family consists of members who differ in
status, obligations, influence, or power. Traditionally,
the father is the most influential member of the
family.
The father acts as the leader and establishes rules
and issue orders to maintain order in the family.
His role as the leader entails power and authority. He
coordinates with the mother in helping the children
perform certain roles necessary for a successful
family.
From an early age, individuals are taught to obey and
treat parents with respect and conform to their rules.
The first and foremost duty of the parents is to
educate the children about the basic values and beliefs.
The family directly and indirectly influence a person’s
political attitudes, views, and beliefs.
The Philippine Constitution thus recognizes the duty
and responsibility of the parents to educate and train their
children to become good, useful, and worthy citizens of
the country and to prepare them for future positions,
responsibility and leadership.
The Philippine Constitution recognizes the vital
role of schools in indicating among youth the value
of patriotism and nationalism and encouraging their
involvement in public and civic affairs of the
country.
One of the responsibilities of the school is to
teach moral, spiritual, and political values that will
develop the students to become patriotic and morally
upright citizens.
1. Politics is a social institution through which power
is acquired and exercised by some people and
groups.
2. Man is by nature a political animal.
3. The process of learning imbues political values
and beliefs.
4. Politics is a central component of self.
5. In order for governance to work in any group or
society, there must exist a covenant of mutual trust
and respect.
6. According to the social learning theory, a person
can acquire learning through observation and
imitation.
7. Political socialization is viewed as a lifelong process
by which individuals gain knowledge about politics.
8. The theory of symbolic interaction suggests that
behaviors and products of communication, meaning,
and symbols.
9. Political participation can be defined as citizens’
actions or activities influencing politics.
10. Any activity concerning the government or
governance of the state is an example of political
participation.
Performance Task- October 8 and 9, 2018
1. Give at least three problems that confront the
Philippine political system. Explain how these
problems can affect your political views and
beliefs. Discuss your answers.
2. The life of national heroes is a great source of
inspiration. Choose one national hero in the
Philippines. Identify his courageous and heroic
acts, which made this day worthy of respect and
emulation. Like the national hero you have
chosen, identify your characteristics and the
things that you can do for the country.
Digital Self
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Define digital self.
2. Explain the role of mobile phones, internet, and
social networking in digital self.
3. Identify the Filipino values of social networking.
4. Explain the role of the government, school, and
church in the prevention of identity theft, false
information, and fake news.
5. Describe the provisions of Data Privacy Act of
2012.
The digital self is the aspect of the self that s
expressed or shared to others through the use of
digital technology especially the internet and social
networking.
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Understand the theoretical explanations on how
to manage and care for the different aspects of
the self.
2. Acquire and develop new skills and learnings
for better management of one’s self and
behaviors.
3. Apply these new skills to one’s self and
functioning for a better quality life.
-One of the objectives of this chapter is to ascertain
what is required for students to have a deeper
understanding of the learning process and the factors
that contribute to learning.
- John Flavell suggests that students should develop
awareness of one’s thinking and the strategies one is
using to learn. This kind of thinking is called
Metacognition.
3 Ways to Manage and care for the Self
1. Setting goals for success involves recognizing the
factors and developing strategies that students can
doo to achieve their goals and reach success.
2. Taking charge of one’s health involves recognizing
the factors that cause stress and developing
strategies that students can do to reduce the effects
of stress.
3. Learning to be a better student involves
recognizing the factors and developing strategies
that contribute to learning such as metacognition
and self-regulation.
Learning to a Better Student
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Explain learning and explain how it works in
humans.
2. Identify the parts of the brain involved in learning.
3. Describe the importance of neuroplasticity and its
implications to learning.
4. Discuss the influence of metacognition and self-
regulation in learning.
5. Choose and apply strategies to improve learning.
-Humans have the capacity to learn new skills and
adapt to new environments.
-Development and learning are powerful agents of
change across the lifespan that induce structural and
functional plasticity in the neural systems of the
brain.
- The ability of the brain to change happens in two
ways. It could be through an increase in number
of synapses between neurons or a change in the
function and structure of the neurons.
-Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous
system that transmit impulses or messages.
-Every neuron is made of a cell body (soma),
dendrites, and axon.
-Neurotransmitters are the electrochemicals that
connect and allow the transmission of impulses from
one neuron to another neuron.
The process of neuroplasticity or changes in the
structure and functions of the neurons in the brain
usually happen in the cerebral cortex which is the
wrinkled layer of the brain.
The cerebral cortex plays a key role in human
learning, thought, memory, and language. Although
the brain continues to grow and develop, the overall
number of neurons and synapses decline with age.
-Dr. Michael Merzenich suggests that learning new
knowledge and skills everyday keeps the structures of
the brain changing and increase its ability to learn.
Metacognition and Self- Regulated Learning
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Know the types of motivation.
2. Identify your short-term and long-term goals.
3. Understand the importance of goal-setting.
4. Apply the ways on how to achieve your goals.
Motivation directs a person’s behavior toward a
particular goal.
-A goal is the object toward which the behavior is
directed, usually within a specified period of time.
- Goals motivate people to develop strategies that
will enable them to perform better.
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the chapter, you are able to:
1. Understand and explain stress.
2. Discuss the dimensions of stress.
3. Explain how stress affects health.
4. Identify strategies to control stress.
5. Develop your own self-care plan.
1. Stress refers to events that are perceived as challenging,
damaging, or threatening to one’s physical or
psychological well-being.
2. In order to deal with frustrations, conflicts, and stress,
people sometimes use unconscious strategies called
defense mechanisms in order to cope up with pain and
deal with stress.
3. Hans Selye suggested that the body goes through three
stages of phsyiological reactions during stressful
events: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Cognitive
psychologist Richard Lazarus suggest that the way
people think about and appraise a stressor is am major
factor in how stressful that particular stressor becomes.
4. People cope up with stress through problem-
focused coping and emotion-focused coping.
5. People who are high in self-compassion treat
themselves with kindness, care, and understanding
when they experience stressful events or
situations.
Performance Task No. 3- October 11, and 12, 2018
Reflect on and write a short paper on the three
important things you discovered about yourself.