MIMO INTRODUCTION

By Trupti Thakkar
CONTENTS
Inputs and Outputs

What is MIMO

LTE MIMO Mode

Formats of MIMO

Types of Spatial multiplexing

Beam forming

Advantages of MIMO
Inputs and outputs

Single Input Single Output Multi Input Single Output

Single Input Multi Output Multi Input Multi Output

What is MIMO?
• MIMO is multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
• Multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver end.
• It sends and receives more than one data signal by
multipath propagation.
• It increases link capacity and link reliability.
LTE MIMO Mode
• Single user MIMO mode :- Stream of data sent or receive
between one device at a time.

• Multi user MIMO mode :- Transmission of multiple

streams to different devices.
Formats of MIMO
TRANSMIT DIVERSITY
• Multiple antennas transfer multiple copies of same data.

• It improves link reliability.

SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING
• It uses spatial diversity for transmission.

• Multiple streams contain unique data.

• Throughput increases.
Types of spatial multiplexing
Closed loop spatial multiplexing
• PMI(Pre coding matrix indicator) is fed back from UE to

enode B along with CQI and RI.

• PMI computed at UE is a feedback to enode B to pre

code data and optimize the transmission.

• Used in low mobility scenarios.
Types of spatial multiplexing
Open Loop spatial multiplexing
• It involves sending two information streams over two or

more antennas.
• There is no feedback(PMI) from UE except RI(Rank

indicator) and CQI(Channel quality indicator) to determine

number of spatial layers and modulation scheme
respectively.
• Used in high mobility scenarios.
Beam forming (spatial filtering)
• It gives directional signal transmission or reception using

antenna array.
• Elements of the antennas are combined in a way that

signals at particular angles experience constructive

interference while others experience destructive one.
• It boosts cell range and capacity.

• MIMO and beam forming are expected to play a key role

in 5G system.
Types of Beam forming
STATIC BEAM FORMING

• A number of directional antennas grouped together,

aiming away from a centre point, are used to provide a

fixed radiation pattern.

Types of Beam forming
DYNAMIC BEAM FORMING
• It dynamically adjusts the radiation pattern to provide the

best signal for each device connecting.

Types of Beam forming
TRANSMIT BEAM FORMING
• This is a digital technology that duplicates the signal on

more than one antenna.

• It is performed by transmitting multiple-phased shifted

signals so that they will arrive in-phase at the location,

improving the resulting signal for the client.
ADVANTAGES OF MIMO
• High data rates in wireless access.

• High quality of service.

• More flexibility ,capacity.

• More numbers of carriers.

• Interference reduction.

• Link reliability.
Thank you