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Section 3:
Post-Colonial Nationalist Resistance: Pakistan
Period and Growth of Nationalism in Bangladesh

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Transition period & Resistance (1947-1969)

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EDD

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3rd June Plan

EDD
 
• Governor-General and Viceroy
Lord Mountbatten addressed the
nation over All India Radio on
June 3, 1947. He announced his
3rd June Plan, according to which
India would be given
independence on August 15, 1947

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3rd June Plan

• Under this Plan, the
British would transfer
power to two successor
authorities — the
Congress and the Muslim
League. In territorial
terms, the dominions of
India and Pakistan would
remain within the British
Commonwealth

Transition period & Resistance (1947-1969)

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3rd June Plan
EDD
As per
  the plan,
• A Boundary Commission was formed headed by Lord Radcliffe
• which was tasked to delineate the precise boundaries between
India and Pakistan in the provinces of Bengal and Punjab.
Radcliffe had worked with Mountbatten earlier and since he had
never been to British India
• he was considered unbiased

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3rd June Plan
EDD
 

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3rd June Plan
EDD
• The June 3 plan was also known as the Mountbatten Plan. The
 
British government proposed a plan announced on June 3,
1947, that included these principles:
– Principle of the partition of British India was accepted by the
British Government
– Successor governments would be given dominion status
– autonomy and sovereignty to both countries
– can make their own constitution
– Princely States were given the right to either join Pakistan or
India
– Provinces can become a separate nation other than
Pakistan or India

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Second Partition of Bengal (1947)

• The second partition of Bengal took place at the time of the
partition of India in 1947
• On June 20, the members of the ‘Bengal Legislative Assembly’
decided to cast three separate votes to decide the fate of
Bengal
• At the end of the three separate elections, it was decided that
Bengal will indeed be divided
• Under the ‘Mountbatten Plan’ the Hindu majority West Bengal
joined the Union of India, and the Muslim-majority joined the
Dominion of Pakistan

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Second Partition of Bengal (1947)
• As per the plan, on 20 June the issue of Bengal partition was
decided upon by the members of the Assembly
• Several rounds of voting were held
• This was followed by the separate meeting of the members of
the non-Muslim-majority areas (West Bengal)
• In a voting was held on 7 July, the electorate of Sylhet by a
majority of 55,578 votes (2,39,619 voted for joining East Bengal
as against 1,84,041 for remaining in Assam) gave the verdict in
favour of Pakistan
• On 15 July 1947, the Indian Independence Act of the British
Parliament stipulated that the British rule in India would come to
an end on 15 August 1947
• Practically, it was the chairman of the commission who
completed the boundary on papers in haste within fifteen days
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Second Partition of Bengal (1947)

• Aftermath
• The immediate aftermath of the Bengal partition was a massive
process of resettlement as millions of Hindus and Muslims
migrated from East to West Bengal and vice-versa. The Hindus,
who migrated from East Bengal, settled down in West Bengal,
Assam, Tripura and other neighboring states

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Second Partition of Bengal (1947)

• Aftermath
• The ‘Partition of Bengal’
gave rise to many other
unfortunate incidents,
which led to the loss of
many innocent lives. Even
today, the Bengal partition
is subjected to various
debates

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Second Partition of Bengal (1947)

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The Pakistan experiment

• The Bengal delta now joined a unique experiment in state-making

• Fists : it was founded upon religious nationalism– a new national
Identity(israiel)
• Second : Pakistan was a state administering two discrete
territories ,separated from each other by about 1500 km of Indian
land
• Out of 78 million inhabitants , 44 million (55%) lived in East
Pakistan

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The Pakistan experiment
• Above mentioned factors combined with the third :

• East pakistan become a colonial part for west pakistan

• Delhi , Mumbai, Kolkata went to India (capital several times)

• Whereas Pakistan was inherited largely raw-material producing

regions

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The Language Movement and the Rise of Political Identity

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