Air University Islamabad

Internal Combustion Engines

Lecture – 8
Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Course Code: ME-461

Semester: Fall 2019

Instructor: Hussain Zaheer

hussain.zaheer.ahmed@gmail.com

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 1

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Engine Parameters

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 2

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Engine Parameters

  

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 3

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Work
 Output

  of a Heat Engine
 Result of forces acting through a distance
 Forces due to gas pressures on the moving piston generates the work
in an IC engine cycle

 Specific work

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 4

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Work

 Area
  under the curve is
indicated work (wi).
 Actual work available at
the crankshaft is called
brake work (wb).

 wf is the work lost due

to friction and parasitic
loads.

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 5

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Work
 Upper loop consists of the
compression and power strokes
where output work is generated.
 This work is called the gross
indicated work
 Lower loop includes the intake and
exhaust strokes. The work given by
the area in this loop is called the
pump work.
 Net indicated work = gross
indicated work + pump work
 Pump work is negative for naturally
aspirated engines and positive for
super charged engines.

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 6

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Mechanical Efficiency

  
Ratio of brake work to the gross
indicated work is the mechanical
efficiency of the engine.

 75% - 95% for modern automobile

engines at wide open throttle

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 7

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Mean Effective Pressure

 Pressure

  in the cylinder is continuously changing.
 Mean effective pressure is a calculated pressure defined as

 Used to compare engines

 Independent of engine size or speed.
 Typical max values of brake mean effective pressure for
naturally aspirated SI engines in the range of 850 to 1050 kPa.
 For CI engines 700 to 900 kPa for naturally aspirated engines.
 1000 to 1200 kPa for turbocharged CI engines

Sep 25, 2019 Lecture - 8 8