WELCOME TO OUR CLASS

Unit 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY

PART E: LANGUAGE FOCUS

I. PRONUNCIATION
II. GRAMMAR
 1 2

Peach flowers are The streamsplits

..........
greeting spring
.............. into two smaller
3 branches.

Shrimp is my
....................
favourite seafood.
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. Listen and repeat
/ ∫r/ / spl / /spr/
shred splash spring
shrill split spray
shrimp spleen spread
shrine splutter sprightly
 2. Practice the sentences
1. They were all shrieking with laughter.
2. He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he
didn’t know and didn’t care.
3. My dad hates shrimp paste.
4. What a splendid spring day!
5. The stream splits into three smaller
streams at this point.
6. The house has a narrow front, but it
splays out at the back.
 II. GRAMMAR

RELATIVE CLAUSES
REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES

Present participles Past participles

(V-ing) (V3/V-ed)
 UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY – LANGUAGE FOCUS

I. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PRESENT

PARTICIPLES (V-ing)
1. The man is my uncle. He taught me English.
teaching
The man who taught me English is my uncle.

Relative clause in active voice

The man teaching me English is my uncle.

Present participle
(V-ing)
 I. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PRESENT
PARTICIPLES (V-ing)

2. The person is my mother. She is cooking in the kitchen.

cooking
The person who is cooking in the kitchen is my mother.

Relative clause in active voice

The person cooking in the kitchen is my mother.

Present participle
(V-ing)
Note 1: We can replace a relative clause in
active voice with a present participial (V-ing)
phrase
N + who + V (active)
which
that
N + who + V-ing
which
that
 Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase (page 131).

1. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.

→ ....................................................................
2. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us ?
→ ....................................................................
3. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are
getting wet.
→ ....................................................................
4. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer
are making progress.
→ ....................................................................
5. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
→ ....................................................................
6. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
→ ....................................................................
 Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase (page 131).

1. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.

→ The boy playing the piano is Ben.
2. Do you know the woman who is coming
toward us ?
→ Do you know the woman coming
toward us ?
 3. The people who are waiting for the bus
in the rain are getting wet.
→ The people waiting for the bus in the
rain are getting wet.
4. The scientists who are researching the
causes of cancer are making progress.
→ The scientists researching the causes of
cancer are making progress.
5. The fence which surrounds our house is
made of wood.
→ The fence surrounding our house is
     made
        of             
    wood.
6. We have an apartment which overlooks
the park.
→ We have an apartment overlooking
the park.
 II. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PAST
PARTICIPLES (V-ed / V3)

The books are interesting.They were written by To Hoai.

 The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.

Relative clause in passive voice

The books written by To Hoai are interesting.

Past participle
(V-ed / V3)
Note 2: We can replace a relative clause in
passive voice with a past participial
(V-ed/V 3) phrase.

N + who + V (passive)
which
that
N + who + V-ed/V 3
which
that
EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences, using a
past participial phrase (page 132).
1.The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
→ ....................................................................
2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the
country.
→ ....................................................................
3. They live in a house that was built in 1890.
→ ....................................................................
4. The photographs which were published in the
newspaper were extraordinary.
→ ....................................................................
5.The experiment which was conducted at the University of
Chicago was successful.
→ ....................................................................
6. They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the
government.
EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences,
using a past participial phrase (page 132).
1. The ideas which are presented in that
book are interesting.
→ The ideas presented in that book are
interesting.
2. I come from a city that is located in the
southern part of the country.
→ I come from a city located in the
southern part of the country.
 3. They live in a house that was built in
1890.
→ They live in a house built in 1890.
4. The photographs which were published
in the newspaper were extraordinary.

→ The photographs published in the

newspaper were extraordinary.
5.The experiment which was conducted at the
University of Chicago was successful.
→ The experiment conducted at the University
of Chicago was successful.
6. They work in a hospital which was sponsored
by the government.

→ They work in a hospital sponsored by the

government.
EXERCISE 3: Choose the best answer
A,B,C, or D for the following sentences.

1. The man who spoke to me was very helpful.

a. The man spoke to me was very helpful.

b. The man speaking to me was very helpful.
c. The man to speak to me was very helpful.
d. The man spoken to me was very helpful.
2. The boy who was injured in the
accident was taken to the hospital.
a. The boy injured in the accident was taken to the
hospital.
b. The boy was injured in the accident was taken to
the hospital.
c. The boy injuring in the accident was taken to the
hospital.
d. The boy to injure in the accident was taken to
the hospital.
3. The food which was sold in this
supermarket is very good.
a. The food was sold in this supermarket is very
good.
b. The food selling in this supermarket is very
good.
c. The food to sell in this supermarket is very
good.
d. The food sold in this supermarket is very good.
4. New motor way which will cost
$ 5,000,000 is planned.
a. New motor way cost $ 5,000,000 is planned .
b. New motor way will cost $ 5,000,000 is
planned.
c. New motor way costing $ 5,000,000 is planned.
d. New motor way which cost 5,000,000 is
planned.
Teaching LANGUAGE FOCUS
 SUMMARY 

Unit 11:
LANGUAGE FOCUS

Relative Clauses
reduced by…

PRONUNCIATION GRAMMAR
 UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY – LANGUAGE FOCUS

Homework:
1. Do the exercise at home.
2. Prepare for the new lesson.
Rewrite the following sentences, using participles:
1.The man who is standing there is a clown.
2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.
3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting
point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.
4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the
house.
5. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by
the teacher yesterday.
6. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to
Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812.
7. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known
orator.
8. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules
are weightless.
9. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.
10. The street which leads to the school is very wide.