CHE 320 – CHEMICAL

ENGINEERING
PROCESS ANALYSIS II
Module 2
BALANCES ON NONREACTIVE PROCESSES
By Engr. (Mrs) Abatan O. G.
BALANCES ON NONREACTIVE
PROCESSES
•  A non-reactive system is a one in which reactions don’t take place.
• From previous classes it the energy balance equation has been
established. In this module we will be learning the procedures used
for evaluating when the tables of cannot be accessed.
•  Being able to calculate this will help solve the energy balance as
usually.
Elements of Energy Balance
Calculations
•Under this topic, a procedure for solving energy balance
equation will be outlined problems which can be applied
to both nonreactive processes and reactive processes.
 
•In order to establish this, the following will be looked
into.
 
Elements of Energy Balance
Calculations
• 1. Reference States – A review
• 2. Hypothetical Process Paths
• 3. Procedure for Energy Balance Calculations
Reference States – A review

••  As we all know absolute values of cannot be known

for species in given states. is defined as the sum of all
the energies of motion in molecules found in one
gram-mole of species in addition to the
intramolecular kinetic and potential energies of all the
atoms and sub atomic particles whose quantities
cannot be determined.
•.
Reference States – A review
••  This
has made it diff cult to evaluate in
because of the value of involved.
• Luckily the absolute values of at indicated states
are important. Only are needed for the indicated
changes of state
Reference States – A review
••  
These values can be determined experimentally.
Based on this reference states are randomly chosen
for species and used to determine
•
Reference States – A review
••  Whenever , then for an indicated state is the specific
internal energy at that state relative to the reference
point. This then makes it easier to calculate provided
the values of specific volume and pressure have been
provided.
Reference States – A review
••  This is method used in generatingin steam tables.
Liquid water at triple point was chosen as the
reference point which defines
Reference States – A review
•  Looking at steam tables B. 7. Which you have been introduced to
earlier for water vapour at and 10.0 bar, , this does not give the
absolute value of but the value gotten at the specified refrence of .
• It can be written mathematically as
•
Reference States – A review
•  The specific enthalpy of water vapour at can be calculated thus;
•