MK.

KEPERAWATAN KOMUNITAS

Model-Model
Keperawatan Komunitas

OLEH:
SARAH K. WULANDARI
POKOK BAHASAN
 Model-Model Keperawatan Kesehatan
Komunitas dan Kesehatan Masyarakat
1. The Neuman System Model

2. Pender’s Health Promotion Model

3. Model Keperawatan Anderson- McFarlane

‘Community as Partner’
4. Model Praktek Keperawatan Kesehatan
Masyarakat
THE NEUMAN-SYSTEM MODEL
(1989)

Line of Resistance
 • “Can do it ourselves” attitude

 • Resilient to adversity

 • Good health is equated with being able to

work
Normal Line of Defense
 • Good health care available

 • Roads usually quickly plowed

 • 911 system available

Line of Defense
 • Well-maintained roads

 • Neighbors usually help each other

Allender. et al., 2010
NEUMAN’S HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS
MODEL (1982)

Influenced by 4
variables: physiologic,
psychological, socio-
cultural, and
developmental variables

EQUILLIBRIUM in Nursing Paradigm

PENDER’S
HEALTH
PROMOTIO
N MODEL
PENDER’S HEALTH PROMOTION
MODEL
 ‘Health promotion as actions that
are directed toward increasing the
level of well-being and self
actualization in individuals or
groups’
(Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2006
on Allender at el, 2010)
 c
FACTOR INFLUENCE PEOPLE’S
PERCEPTION ON HEALTH
PROMOTION
 ◆ Demographic factors, such as age and race
 ◆ Biologic characteristics, such as height and
weight
 ◆ Interpersonal influences, such as the
expectations of others
 ◆ Situational factors, such as availability of
healthful foods
 ◆ Behavioral factors, such as stress-coping
patterns
MODEL
KEPERAWATA
N ANDERSON-
MCFARLANE
‘COMMUNITY
AS PARTNER’
MODEL PRAKTEK KEPERAWATAN KESEHATAN
MASYARAKAT
DASAR HUKUM:
 KepMenKes 279 Tahun 2006 tentang Perawatan
Kesehatan Masyarakat

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
 Allender, J. A. Rector, C. Warner, K. 2010.
Community Health Nursing: Promoting &
Protecting the Public’s Health. 7th Edition. USA:
Wolters Kluwer Health| Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins.
 Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan 279 Tahun 2006
tentang Perawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat
 Kholifah, S. dan Widagdo, W. 2016. Modul
Bahan Ajar Cetak Keperawatan: Keperawatan
Keluarga dan Komunitas. Jakarta: Kementerian
Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
BAGAIMANA
MANIFESTASI
APLIKASINYA DALAM
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
–KEPERAWATAN SECARA
RIIL?