AV-222

ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
Lecture No 18

“INDUCED VOLTAGE IN
AC MACHINES”

Instructor: Flt Lt Ahnaf Lodhi

Class: 83(B)
Electric Machinery Fundamentals Ch 3

Avionics Engineering Department

Induced Voltage
• AC Machine Principle
– Rotation magnetic field (Motor Action)
– Three-phase sets of voltages in coils of the stator
(Generator Action)
• How to obtain Sinusoidal Voltage
– By changing B sinusoidally
– To have a sinusoidally varying B, H should vary
sinusoidally
– For sinusoidal H, MMF should vary sinusoidally
– Easiest way to achieve sinusoidally varying H
– Vary number of conductors around the stator
sinusoidally
Induced Voltage
•  Number of conductors in each slot

• NC number of conductors @
Induced Voltage in Two-Pole Stator
• Consider
 
– Stationary coil in the presence of a sinusoidally
distributed magnetic field
• Magnetic flux density vector B
– Varies sinusoidally with mechanical angle
• Direction of B is radially outwards other than when it is negative
implying inward direction
• α is the angle measured from peak rotor flux density
• Magnitude of flux density vector B at a point around the rotor

• Rotor rotating with a speed

• Magnitude of flux density vector B at any angle α

• Induced Voltage equation

Induced Voltage in a Two-Pole Stator
• Induced voltage expression shown on previous
slide derived for the case of moving wire in a
stationary magnetic field
– Current case has stationary wire and rotating
magnetic field
– Previous case may not be directly applied here
• Use a frame of reference where magnetic field appears to be
stationary
• Position yourself on the magnetic field
• Sides of the coil to move with a velocity Vrel
Induced Voltage in Two-Pole Stator
Induced Voltage in Two-Pole stator
• Calculate voltage in individual segments and
add that up
– Segment ab
– Angle between v and B is 900

– Reverse polarity of the generated voltage from the

assumed polarity
• Remember the direction of the positive end of potential for
the formula of induced potential
Induced Voltage in Two-Pole Stator
• Segmet bc
• Segment cd

• Segment da
• Total
Induced Voltage in Two-Pole Stator
• Transforming Vrel in terms of rotation speed

• Flux passing through the coil

• Induced voltage in a single coil

• For NC turns of the wire in stator
Induced Voltage in 3-Phase Set of Coils
• Three
  coils with NC

• RMS Voltage of one phase in a 3-phase stator

– Max voltage in any one phase

• Total RMS dependent on the configuration of 3-phase

setup
– For Y-connection
– For Δ-connection
Thank you