Surveillance and Monitoring of Power

Transformers
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)

15-04-2020
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)
• It is the most effective tool for advanced detection of almost all types of
incipient fault inside an oil filled transformer, which has been used since the
early 1960s.

• In a live transformer, Gases in oil always result from the decomposition of

electrical insulation materials, as a result of faults or chemical reaction in
the equipment.

• Different gases are generated at different situations and a particular fault

can be detected by analysing the fault gases dissolved in the oil.

• It is important to realise that DGA analysis gives the correct, but coded
message. The difficulty is in decoding the message to identify the fault
condition. In many cases the message is more readily decoded by looking
for individual key gases rather than calculating gas ratios.

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When To conduct DGA?

In the factory
• After high voltage and temperature rise test

At site
•After high voltage testing
•Immediately before commissioning
•Within two days after commissioning
•After one month of commissioning
•Before lapse of warranty period
•After any major fault
•Periodic checking / online arrangement
Gases Generated During Breakdown of Dielectric Oil
Gases Generated During Breakdown of Cellulosic
Insulation

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Interpretation Techniques
Interpretation of DGA test results using gas ratios (CIGRE)

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Interpretation Techniques
Interpretation of DGA test results using gas ratios (IEC 60599)

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Interpretation Techniques
Interpretation of DGA test results using gas ratios (Roger’s method,
IEEE Std C57.104TM-2019)

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Interpretation Techniques
Interpretation of DGA test results using gas ratios (Duval Triangle)

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Interpretation Techniques (Duval
Triangle)
To be used for solving the case study

1
Typical Faults in Power Transformers
(IEC 60599:2015)