LABOR RELATION

AND NEGOTIATION
PINON, CARLOS
HRDM-41
SECTION 29
• Article 269 of the same Code is amended to read as follows: “ART. 269.
Prohibition against aliens; Exceptions.—All aliens, natural or juridical, as well
as all foreign organizations are strictly prohibited from engaging directly or
indirectly in all forms of trade union activities without prejudice to normal
contacts between Philippine labor unions and recognized international labor
centers: Provided, however, That aliens working in the country with valid
permits issued by the Department of Labor and Employment, may exercise
the right to self-organization and join or assist labor organizations of their
own choosing for purposes of collective bargaining: Provided, further, That
said aliens are nationals of a country which grants the same or similar rights
to Filipino workers.”
SECTION 30
• Paragraph (a) of Article 272 of the same Code is hereby amended
to read as follows: “ART. 272. Penalties.—(a) Any person violating
any of the provisions of Article 264 of this Code shall be punished
by a fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor
more than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) and/or imprisonment
for not less than three (3) months nor more than three (3) years,
or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the
court. Prosecution under this provision shall preclude prosecution
for the same act under the Revised Penal Code, and vice versa.”
SECTION 31
• Article 274 of the same Code is amended to read as follows: “ART. 274.
Visitorial power.—The Secretary of Labor and Employment or his duly
authorized representative is hereby empowered to inquire into the
financial activities of legitimate labor organizations upon the filing of a
complaint under oath and duly supported by the written consent of at
least twenty percent (20%) of the total membership of the labor
organization concerned and to examine their books of accounts and
other records to determine compliance or noncompliance with the law
and to prosecute any violations of the law and the union constitution
and bylaws: Provided, That such inquiry or examination shall not be
conducted during the sixty (60) day freedom period nor within thirty
(30) days immediately preceding the date of election of union officials.”
SECTION 32
• Article 275 of the same Code is hereby amended to read as follows: “ART. 275.
Tripartism and tripartite conferences.—(a) Tripartism in labor relations is hereby
declared a State policy. Towards this end, workers and employers shall, as far as
practicable, be represented in decision and policy-making bodies of the
government. “(b) The Secretary of Labor and Employment or his duly authorized
representatives may from time to time call a national, regional, or industrial
tripartite conference of representatives of government, workers and employers
for the consideration and adoption of voluntary codes of principles designed to
promote industrial peace based on social justice or to align labor movement
relations with established priorities in economic and social development. In
calling such conference, the Secretary of Labor and Employment may consult
with accredited representatives of workers and employers.”
1. IN ARTICLE 269 SECTION 29 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, ALL ALIENS, NATURAL OR
JURIDICAL, AS WELL AS ALL FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM ENGAGING
DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ALL FORMS OF TRADE UNION ACTIVITIES WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO NORMAL
CONTACTS BETWEEN PHILIPPINE LABOR UNIONS AND RECOGNIZED INTERNATIONAL LABOR CENTERS
EXCEPT?

a. That aliens working in the country with valid permits issued by the
Bureau of Customs.
b. That aliens working in the country with valid permits issued by the
Department of Trade and Industry.
c. That aliens working in the country with valid permits issued by the
Department of Labor and Employment.
d. That aliens working in the country with valid permits issued by the
Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
2. IN ARTICLE 272 SECTION 30 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE
PHILIPPINES THE PENALTIES OF VIOLATING THIS PROVISION
ARE?
a. A fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor more than Ten thousand pesos
(P10,000.00) and/or imprisonment for not less than three (3) months nor more than three (3)
years, or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court.
b. A fine of not less than three thousand pesos (P3,000.00) nor more than thirty thousand
pesos (P30,000.00) and/or imprisonment for not less than nine (9) months nor more than nine
(9) years, or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court.
c. A fine of not less than One thousand five hundred pesos (P1,500.00) nor more than Fifteen
thousand pesos (P15,000.00) and/or imprisonment for not less than five (5) months nor more
than five (5) years, or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court.
d. A fine of not less than two thousand pesos (P2,000.00) nor more than twenty thousand
pesos (P20,000.00) and/or imprisonment for not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6)
years, or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court.
3. IN ARTICLE 274 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES IS AMENDED TO
READ AS FOLLOWS: “ART. 274. VISITORIAL POWER. WHO IS THE DULY
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE TO INQUIRE INTO THE FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF
LEGITIMATE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS?

a. The Secretary of Tariff and Trade

b. The Secretary of the President of the Philippines
c. The Secretary of Department of Budget and Finance
d. The Secretary of Labor and Employment
A 4. IN ARTICLE 275 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE
PHILIPPINES. WHAT IS DECLARED AS A STATE POLICY IN IN
LABOR RELATIONS?

a. Tripartism
b. Cease and Desist Order
c. Collective bargaining agreement (CBA)
d. Duty of Fair Representation (DFR)
5. IN ARTICLE 274 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES IS AMENDED
TO READ AS FOLLOWS: “ART. 274. VISITORIAL POWER. WHAT IS THE
DURATION PERIOD OF INQUIRY OR EXAMINATION?

a. thirty (30) day freedom period nor within fifteen (15) days immediately
preceding the date of election of union officials.”
b. sixty (60) day freedom period nor within thirty (30) days immediately
preceding the date of election of union officials.”
c. forty (40) day freedom period nor within twenty (20) days immediately
preceding the date of election of union officials.”
d. fifteen (15) day freedom period nor within seven (7) days immediately
preceding the date of election of union officials.”
ESSAY

What are the possible reasons why all aliens, natural or juridical, as well as all
foreign organizations are strictly prohibited from engaging directly or indirectly
in all forms of trade union activities? Cite an example and defend your answer.
Answer:
They cannot join because they can be a threat for national security and
public peace. Trade union activities can be in a form of labor strikes e.g. unfair
labor strike, economic strike, recognition strike, jurisdictional strike, sit-down
strike, slow-down strike, sympathy strike, and wild cat strike. Specifically, trade
union activities are exclusively considered as domestic problems in one nation.
C 1. IN ARTICLE 269 SECTION 29 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, ALL ALIENS, NATURAL OR
JURIDICAL, AS WELL AS ALL FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM ENGAGING
DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ALL FORMS OF TRADE UNION ACTIVITIES WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO NORMAL
CONTACTS BETWEEN PHILIPPINE LABOR UNIONS AND RECOGNIZED INTERNATIONAL LABOR CENTERS
EXCEPT?

• Explanation: The exemption

according to the same code is with
valid permits issued by the
Department of Labor and
Employment.
A 2. IN ARTICLE 272 SECTION 30 OF THE LABOR CODE OF
THE PHILIPPINES THE PENALTIES OF VIOLATING THIS
PROVISION ARE?

Explanation: According to the same code the

penalties of violating this provision are a fine of not
less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor more
than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) and/or
imprisonment for not less than three (3) months nor
more than three (3) years, or both such fine and
imprisonment, at the discretion of the court.
D 3. IN ARTICLE 274 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES IS AMENDED TO
READ AS FOLLOWS: “ART. 274. VISITORIAL POWER. WHO IS THE DULY
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE TO INQUIRE INTO THE FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF
LEGITIMATE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS?

Explanation: According to the same code

the duly authorized representative to
inquire into the financial activities of
legitimate labor organizations is the
Secretary of Labor and Employment.
A 4. IN ARTICLE 275 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE
PHILIPPINES. WHAT IS DECLARED AS A STATE POLICY IN IN
LABOR RELATIONS?

• Explanation: According to the same

code the declared as a State policy in in
labor relations is tripartism.
B 5. IN ARTICLE 274 OF THE LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES IS
AMENDED TO READ AS FOLLOWS: “ART. 274. VISITORIAL POWER. WHAT
IS THE DURATION PERIOD OF INQUIRY OR EXAMINATION?

• Explanation: According to the same code

the duration period of inquiry or
examination is sixty (60) day freedom period
nor within thirty (30) days immediately
preceding the date of election of union
officials.”