BISMILLAHIR

RAHAMANIR
RAHIM
Welcome to
our
Presentation
THESIS PAPER ON

Technological
development of t –shirt
 PREPARED FOR

Engr. Md. Arifuzzaman

Senior lecturer, co- ordinator,
Instructor Senior Project.
Department of textile engineering
City university
 Prepared by
Name ID Batch

Md. Anwarul Islam 09322028 13th

Md. Salman Rahman 10123066 14th

Md. Abdur Rahim 10123030 14th

 ABSTRACT
We are grateful to our All Mighty ALLAH
that we did a thesis on T-shirt Technological
development. Our thesis is named as
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF
T-SHIRT .
However, We tried to ensure our develop T-shirt is
enough for worldwide marketing. And we had
collected some customer comments which was
analyzed and attached with this paper. A words
that’s should not be hidden that our developed T-
shirt is not perfect at all though it can be a new way
or pattern for a some new technique having save of
cost & time. This thesis also contains statistics for
standing a result. I and my two partners Salman
and Rahim both grateful to each other for
completion the Thesis. And thanks to our honorable
teacher Engr. Md. ARIFUZZAMAN.
PART
PART––02
02

Leteratural
Review
Introductive discussion

A T-shirt (T shirt or tee) is a style of shirt.

A T-shirt's defining characteristic is the T
shape made with the body and sleeves. It
is normally associated with short sleeves,
a round neck line, and no collar.
However, it may also include long
sleeves, buttons, collars, or v- necks.
 History
The T-shirt evolved from undergarments used in the 19th century,
through cutting the one-piece "union suit” underwear into
separate top and bottom garments, with the top long enough to
tuck under the waistband of the bottoms. T-shirts, with and
without buttons, were adopted by miners and stevedores during
the late 19th century as a convenient covering for hot
environments.
US Merchant Marine sailor in 1944 named the
T-shirt due to the shape of the garment's
outline, it soon became popular as a bottom
layer of clothing for workers in various
industries, including agriculture. The T-shirt
was easily fitted, easily cleaned, and
inexpensive, and for this reason it became the
shirt of choice for heng boys. Boys' shirts were
made in various colors and patterns. By
the Great Depression, the T-shirt was often
the default garment to be worn when doing
farm or ranch chores, as well as on this times
when modesty called for a torso covering but
conditions called for lightweight fabrics.
 TRENDS AND
DEMANDS

Today, many notable and memorable T-shirts

produced in the 1970s have now become
ensconced in pop culture. Examples include
the bright yellow happy face T-shirts, The
Rolling Stones tops with their "tongue and
lips" logo, and Milton Glaser's iconic "I ♥ N Y”
design. In the mid-1980s, the white T-shirt
became fashionable after the actor Don
Johns wore it with an Armani suit in Miami
Vice.
Comparation of usage of T-
shirt with other dresses

5%
10%

T-shirt
Traditional
3rd Qtr

85%
PART
PART––03
03

STATISTICS
 Different types of Brand
& prices
AFFLICTION AQUA VI
THE PRICES OF DIFFERENT THE PRICES OF DIFFERENT
DESIGNED T- SHIRT VARIES DESIGNED T- SHIRT VARIES
8.5$ TO 17$ 9.0$ TO 16.5$.
 
 Different types of Brands
& prices
BLACK HEARTS BRIDGE DIESEL
THE PRICES OF DIFFERENT THE PRICES OF DIFFERENT
DESIGNED T- SHIRT VARIES DESIGNED T- SHIRT VARIES
9.0$ TO 17.5$. 8.5$ TO 16.5$.
 
PART
PART--04
04

METHODOLOGY
Consumption of a T- shirt
(Kg/DZ)

Formula:
( L+SL+Al-1 ) * ( ½ C+ AL-2 ) * GSM * 2* 12 + Wastage
100 100 1000

L= Length
SL= Sleeve Length
AL= Allowance
 Costing

Following the things are considered for costing a T-shirt

 Raw material cost
 Labor cost
 Overhead (electricity, Gas, house rent,
Maintenances etc.)
 Wastage
 Commission
 Raw material cost
Style Description Season Size Date
 
Basic T-shirt Summer 14-17 12-05-2013
2230
 
 
Item Type Quantity Rate Price
  Kg Tk. Tk.
Fabric (knitted) 100%cotton 2.68 545 1438
 
Thread 100%cotton, 40/2     36
   
Button       0
 
Label Woven 12 + 12 0.80 20
 
Packing Board/polipack 12 2.0 24
 
Extra       24
 
Total 1542

Wastage(5%) 77.10

Total 1619.10
 Labor cost
Production Time (min) Rate Price
Tk. Tk.
Spreading 3 2 6
 

Cutting 4 1.5 6
 

Printing/ Embroidery 2 7 14
 
Sewing 22.8 1.20 27.36
 

Inspection 5 .75 3.75

 

Finishing 4 .75 3
 

Packing 3 .75 2.25

 

Total     62.38
 
 Overhead cost
This cost includes fixed assets and maintenance cost. As
example House Rent, cost of M/C, Gas, Electricity and so on.
Overhead cost for 12 T-shirt= (7*12)TK
Overhead Cost = 84 TK.
Total cost for 12 T- shirt Cost = (1619.10 + 62.38+84) TK
= 1765.48 TK
Cost for a T-shirt =147.12 TK.
Commission (15%)= 22.06TK.
Total Cost for a T-shirt = 169.19 TK.
= 2.038 $ (Counted TK. 83 for a US
Dollar, $)
PART
PART--05
05

About sample T- Shirt

Sketch of sample T-shirt
 Operations for sample T-shirt
Operation name m/c name Operators

Seam shoulder 4- feed of the arm m/c OP# 1

Bind neck 2- needle flatbed interlock OP#2

Bind sleeve opening 2- needle interlock m/c OP#3

Seam sleeve 2- needle over lock m/c OP#4

Attach sleeve 2- needle over lock m/c OP#5, 6

Cut & fold level Cutting and folding m/c OP#7

Attach level 1-needle lock stitch m/c OP#8

Bartack shoulder and neck Bartack m/c OP#9

Hem bottom 1-needle 3- thread over lock m/c OP#10

Garments Sewing Machine:
SL Machine Name Qty Brand Origin
Sewing:
1 Single Needle Plain Machine 641 Nos Brother/Juki Japan
2 Over Lock 447 Nos Pegasus/Typical/Juki Japan/China
3 Flat Lock (Flat Bed) 126 Nos Pegasus/Typical/Juki Japan
4 Flat Lock (Cylinder Bed) 215 Nos Pegasus/Typical/Juki Japan/China
5 Back Tape Machine 16 Nos Siruba/Pegasus Taiwan/China
6 Snap Button Machine 07 Nos PMM Hongkong
7 Button Hole Machine 19 Nos Brother/Juki Japan/China
8 Button Attach Machine 13 Nos Brother China
9 Smocking Machine 02 Nos Siruba Taiwan
10 One Stop Zigzag Machine 01 Nos Typical China
11 Three Stop Zigzag Machine 01 Nos Typical China
12 Chain Two Needle 04 Nos Hashima Japan
13 Lock Stitch Two Needle 04 Nos Hashima Japan
14 Fusing Machine 01 Nos Hashima Japan
15 Kansai Special Elastic Inserting 15 Nos Kansai Special Japan
16 Self Stitch 02 Nos Sipama Japan
17 Thread Sucker 03 Nos Oshima Japan
18 Feed of the Arm 04 Nos Juki Japan
20 Picoting 02 Nos Kansai Japan
21 Bar Tack 12 Nos Brother/Juki Japan
Machine are uses in T- shirt:
1.plain sewing machine:
2. Over lock sewing
machine:
3. Flat lock sewing
machine:
4. FEED OF THE ARM SEWING
MACHINE
5. Kansai sewing machine:
6. Bar Tacking Machine:
Consumption
 Costing
RAW MATERIAL COST
Style Description Season Si Date LABOR COST
ze  
2230 Basic T-shirt Summer 14 12-05-2013
-  
17   Production Time (min) Rate Price
Item Type Quantity Ra Price Tk. Tk.
  Kg te Tk.
Tk Spreading 3 2 6
.  
Fabric 100%cotton 1.7019 927.6
Cutting 4 1.5 6
(knitted)   54
 
5
Thread 100%cotton,     36 Printing/ 2 7 14
40/2   Embroidery
   
Button       0
  Sewing 22.8 1.20 27.36
Label Woven 12 + 12 0. 20  
  80 Inspection 5 .75 3.75
Packing Board/polipac 12 2. 24
 
k 0
  Finishing 4 .75 3
Extra       24  
 
Packing 3 .75 2.25
Total 1031.60
 
Wastage (5%) 51
Total 1083.18 Total     62.38
 
PART
PART––06
06

RESULT & DISCUSSION

 Comparation with our T-Shirt
(Time & Cost)
NORMAL T-SHIRT DEVELOPED T-SHIRT

Requires more operations Requires less operations

Embroidery or printing must be No embroidery or printing is required.

needed.
And it is quiet simple.
Often appears as complex designed.
Hence it requires more time Needs short time

Generally cost is high. Cost is less than normal T-shirt

Often uncomfortable Always comfortable.

May not healthy Healthy due to unuse of chemicals.

There is a chance to be collapse in No chance to occur this types of collapse, because

factory due to having complex design there is no need to have over time.
or long procedure, which requires  
overtime work.  
 Costing
OVERHEAD COST RESULT

Overhead cost for 12 T-shirt= The cost difference

(7*12)TK between normal T-shirt &
= 84 TK. our T-shirt is
Total cost for 12 T- shirt Cost = (169.19- 117.83)
= (1083.18 + 62.38+84) TK
=51.36 Tk.
= 1229.56 TK
Cost for a T-shirt = 102.46 TK.
=0.618$ (counted 83 Tk. for
a US $)
Commission (15%)= 15.37 TK.
Cost for T-shirt = 117.83 TK.
= 1.42 $ (Counted TK. 83 for a
US Dollar, $)
PART - 08

FINAL RESULT &

DECISION
 Final Result & Decision
Although we can reduce the cost at Tk 51.36 which is
30.34% less than industrial production cost but this
newly Technological develop T-shirt stands at risk.
Because this simple T-shirt is mostly rejected by the
teenagers society although up to 30 aged people liked
it because of having the health advantages. If teenagers
society reject this T-shirt then a big market of our T-
shirt will be lost. So, only two kinds of fabric cannot
make a perfect design which is most even accepted in
all society. Buyers also think about the final customers
choices. Following this two information we got from
market research-
PART
PART––09
09

CONCLUSIVE
 CONCLUSION
As there is a great opportunity of international
marketing of T-shirt for Bangladesh so that it
could be a new thought for new design, new
technique which have cost & time savings.
 Referece:
 Books:
 Garments & Technology
 By Prof. M A Kashem

 Work Study & Production Improvement Techniques

 By Engr. A.J.S.M. Khaled

 Introduction to Clothing Manufacture

 By . Gerry Cookin

 The Technology of Clothing Manufacturing

 By Harold Carr & Barbara Latham

  
 Websites:
 www.textilelearner.blogspot.com
 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-shirt
 www.coloroverload.com/mens-t-shirts-20-hot-brands
 www.t-shirtmagazineonline.com/20-hot-brands-mens-tshirts/
 www.textilelearner.com
THANK’S TO ALL