History of interior

design
 INTRODUCTION :-
• Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interiors,
sometimes including the exterior, of a space or building, to achieve a
healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the end user.
An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and
manages such projects. Interior design is a multifaceted profession that
includes conceptual development, space planning, site inspections,
programming, research, communicating with the stakeholders of a
project, construction management, and execution of the design.Interior
design is the process of shaping the experience of interior space, through
the manipulation of spatial volume as well as surface treatment for the
betterment of human functionality.
 A BRIEF HISTORY OF INTERIOR
DESIGNING:-
• In the past, interiors were put together instinctively as a part of the
process of building.The profession of interior design has been a
consequence of the development of society and the complex architecture
resulted from the development of industrial processes. The pursuit of
effective use of space, user well-being and functional design has
contributed to the development of the contemporary interior design
profession. The profession of interior design is separate and distinct from
the role of Interior Decorator, a term commonly used in the US. The term
is less common in the UK where the profession of interior design is still
unregulated and therefore, strictly speaking, not yet officially a profession.
 ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY OF
INTERIOR DESIGN :-
• In ancient India, architects used
to work as interior designers.
This can be seen from the
references of Vishwakarma the
architect - one of the gods in
Indian mythology. Additionally,
the sculptures depicting ancient
texts and events are seen in
palaces built in 17th century
India. ● RANI KI VAV AT PATAN
INTERIOR DESIGN OF TAJMAHAL –
AGRA:-
The interiors of the ten Mahal is painstakingly designed and
richly carved interiors brilliantly compliment the grandeur of
the entire structure with subtleness. With basic elements in
Persian, the large white marble structure that stands on the
square plinth consists of a symmetrical building with an arch
shaped doorway known as Iwan, which is adorned with
exquisite calligraphy and is topped by a large dome and a
finial. The angles of the tomb consist of semi-octagonal
arched alcoves of equal size. Attached pilasters rising from
the base of the tomb demark each of the porticos, on both
the sides. The main chamber houses the false sarcophagi of
Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan; as the actual graves are
located at a much lower level.
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF THE
PALACE OF MYSORE :-
The palace is basically a three storied structure with a
44 meter ( 145 feet ) central tower. Pinkish marble
domes adorn the number of towers configured in
perfect symmetry.The first attraction is the Doll
Pavilion as you enter the museum. Antiques made of
gold, silver, marble , ivory from around the world are
on display. Some of them as old as 900 years.The
central portion of the palace is a huge court open to
the sky. Beyond is the royal Marriage Hall (Kalyana
Mantapa ) , the most awe-inspiring portion of the
palace. The five storied tower of the palace makes a
majestic dome over this hall.The walls along the
corridors are decorated with oil paintings of royal
themes. A host of ceremonies and festivals of the
bygone era is depicted in these painting in all its
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF FALAKNUMA
PALACE- HYDERABAD:-
One of the highlights of the palace is the state reception room,
where the ceiling is decorated with frescoes and gilded reliefs.
The ballroom contains a two-ton manually operated organ said
to be the only one of its kind in the worldThe dining hallThe
libraryThe palace has 60 lavishly decorated rooms and 22
spacious halls. It has some of the finest collections of the
treasure. Falaknuma houses a large collection of rare
treasures including paintings, statues, furniture, manuscripts
and books.The jade collection at the palace is considered to be
unique in the world.The famed dining hall can seat 100 guests
at its table. The chairs are made of carved rosewood with
green leather upholstery. The tableware was made of gold and
crystal to which fluted music was added. The length of the
table is 108 feet, and breadth is 5.7 feet and height is 2.7
feet.The palace has a library with a carved walnut roof: a
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF
PADHMANABH PALACE – KERALA :-
• A magnificent wooden palace of the 16th century,
Padmanabhapuram Palace lies at the land's end of
mainland India - Kanyakumari. An enticing ediffice to any
lover of art and architecture this old palace of the Rajas of
the erstwhile Travancore (1550 to 1750 AD) is a fine
specimen of Kerala's indigenous style of architecture. The
antique interiors are replete with intricate rosewood
carvings and sculptured decor. The palace also contains
17th and 18th century murals. One can see: the musical
bow in mahogany, windows with coloured mica, royal chairs
with Chinese carvings, 'Thaikkottaram' or the Queen
Mother's palace with painted ceilings, rose wood and teak
carved ceilings with 90 different floral designs.
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF HAWA
MAHAL – JAIPUR:-
Located in the heart of Jaipur, this beautiful five-
storey palace was constructed in 1799 by Maharaja
Sawai Pratap Singh who belonged to Kachhwaha
Rajput dynasty. The main architect of this palace built
of red and pink sandstone, is Lal Chand Ustad and the
palace is believed to have been constructed in the
form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god.
Considered as an embodiment of Rajputana
architecture, the main highlight of Hawa Mahal is its
pyramid shape and its 953 windows or 'Jharokhas'
which are decorated with intricate designs. The main
intention behind the construction of the Mahal was to
facilitate the royal women and provide them a view of
everyday life through the windows, as they never
appeared in public. Read further to know more about
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF RED FORT –
AGRA:-
Constructed in 1648 by the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah
Jahan as the palace of his fortified
capital Shahjahanabad,the Red Fort is named for its
massive enclosing walls of red sandstone and is adjacent to
the olderSalimgarh Fort, built by Islam Shah Suri in 1546.
The imperial apartments consist of a row of pavilions,
connected by a water channel known as the Stream of
Paradise (Nahr-i-Behisht). The fort complex is considered to
represent the zenith of Mughal creativity under Shah Jahan
and although the palace was planned according to Islamic
prototypes, each pavilion contains architectural elements
typical of Mughal buildings that reflect a fusion
of Timurid andPersian traditions. The Red Fort’s innovative
architectural style, including its garden design, influenced
later buildings and gardens in
Delhi, Rajasthan, Punjab, Kashmir, Braj,Rohilkhand and
INTERIOR DESIGN OF CHAPEL OF ST
FRANCIS XAVIER CATHEDRAL- GOA:-
• This is one of the oldest churches in Goa and
in India. The floor is of marble inlaid with precious
stones. Apart from the elaborate gilded altars, the
interior of the church is simple. The church also
holds paintings of scenes taken from the life of St.
Francis Xavier. The mausoleum, on the top of
which is placed the silver casket with the body of
St. Francis Xavier (1696), was the gift of the last
of the Medicis, Cosimo III, the Grand Duke of
Tuscany.
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF
MEENAKSHI TEMPLE – MADURAI:-
The Meenakshi Nayakkar Mandapam ("Hall of 1000
pillars") has two rows of pillars carved with images
of yali (mythological beast with body of lion and head of
an elephant), commonly used as the symbol of Nayak
power. It is situated to the north of Sundareswarar flag
staff hall. The Thousand Pillar Hall contains 985 (instead
of 1000) carved pillars.The statue is periodically
garlanded by worshippers. Each pillar in the hall is a
carved monument of the Dravidiansculpture. The more
prominent among the carved figures are those of Rati
(wife of Kama), Karthikeya, Ganesha, Shiva as a
wandering mendicant and endless number
ofyalis (mythical figures of lions). There is a Temple Art
Museum in the hall where icons, photographs, drawings,
and other exhibits of the 1200 years old history of the
temple are displayed.Just outside this hall, towards the
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF AJANTA &
ELLORA CAVES – MAHARASHTRA :-
Mural paintings survive from both the earlier and later groups of
caves. Several fragments of murals preserved from the earlier caves
(Caves 9 and 11) are effectively unique survivals of court-led
painting in India from this period, and "show that by Sātavāhana
times, if not earlier, the Indian painter had mastered an easy and
fluent naturalistic style, dealing with large groups of people in a
manner comparable to the reliefs of the Sāñcītoraņa
crossbars".Four of the later caves have large and relatively well-
preserved mural paintings which "have come to represent Indian
mural painting to the non-specialist" and fall into two stylistic
groups, with the most famous in Caves 16 and 17, and apparently
later paintings in Caves 1 and 2. The latter group were thought to
be a century or more later than the others, but the revised
chronology proposed by Spink would place them much closer to the
earlier group, perhaps contemporary with it in a more progressive
 INTERIOR DESIGN OF JAMA
MASJID- AGRA:-
The mosque has three great gates, four towers and two 40
m high minaretsconstructed of strips of red sandstone and
white marble. The northern gate has 39 steps and the
southern side has 33 steps. The eastern gate was the rural
entrance and it has 35 steps. Out of all these gateways,
the eastern one, which was used by the emperors, remains
closed during weekdays. The mosque is built on a red
sandstone porch, which is about 30 feet (9.1 m) from
ground level and spreads over 1200 square metre.The
dome is flanked by two lofty minarets which are 130 feet
(40 m) high and consists of 130 steps, longitudinally
striped by marble and red sandstone.The minarets
consists of five storeys, each with a protruding balcony.
The adjoining edifices are filled withcalligraphy. The first
three storeys of the minarets is made of red sandstone,
THANKYOU ! 😀
By
G.Harshini
III 3rd year
SEC A
B.Arch Sathyabama University