DETECTION

OF ANTIBIOTIC
RESIDUES IN MILK,
MEAT AND EGGS
Dr Ashar Mahfooz
Med714
Practical
INTRODUCTION
 Antibiotics are naturally formed metabolites
derived from fungi or bacteria.
 Substances that do not occur in nature and
are produced by modern biotechnology and
chemical synthesis are called antibiotics as
well.
 Antibiotics are able to kill microorganisms or
inhibit their growth.
 In human and veterinary medicine,
antibiotics are therefore used as drugs for
the treatment of bacterial diseases.
ORIGIN AND HEALTH RISKS OF
ANTIBIOTICS RESIDUES IN FOOD
 The use of antibiotics as drugs for the
treatment of diseased animals is a matter of
animal welfare and therefore inevitable.
 As a result of application failures, such as
non-compliance with the statutory waiting
period or abuse as antibiotic growth
promoter, residues of antibiotics can occur in
food of animal origin such as meat, milk or
eggs.
 CONTI…
 Due to the potentially carcinogenic and toxic
properties of antibiotic residues and their
allergic potential, the consumption of
contaminated food establishes a direct risk
for public health.
 Furthermore, the inappropriate use of
antibiotics in animal husbandry and food
production promotes the multi-drug
resistance of pathogen bacteria for
antibiotics used in human medicine.
 CONTI…
 Antibiotic residues bear a risk for the
production process safety and consequently
also an economic risk, as they inhibit
biotechnological production processes
involving microorganisms such as starter
cultures in the dairy industry.
LEGAL REGULATIONS
For reasons of consumer protection many
countries established Maximum Residue Limits
(MRLs) for pharmacologically active substances
and monitor compliance in surveillance
programs .In addition, the number of countries
which prohibited the use of antibiotics as
fattening agent is increasing.
COMMONALY FOUND ANTIBIOTICS
IN MILK , MEAT AND EGGS
 Tetracycline
 Amoxicillin
 Ciprofloxacin
TEST SYSTEMS FOR ANTIBIOTIC
DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS
 ELISA tests
 allowspecific quantitative analysis of single
antibiotics or antibiotic groups by immunological
antibody-antigen recognition and readout by
micro titer-plate photometer.
TEST SYSTEMS FOR ANTIBIOTIC
DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS
 Immunoaffinity columns
 offer improved sample clean-up and
concentration of antibiotics from complex food
matrices prior to analysis with HPLC(High
Performance Liquid Chromatography) or LC-
MS/MS(Liquid chromatography–mass
spectrometry).
TEST SYSTEMS FOR ANTIBIOTIC
DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS
 Growth inhibition of spores
 based on the growth inhibition of spores by
antibiotics, offers a simple and cost-effective
qualitative screening for a broad spectrum of
antibiotics.