What is the

general
characteristic
s of animal?
Figure 32.7

(a) Radial symmetry

(b) Bilateral symmetry

Check this!
And Watch this!
Figure 32.8
(a) Coelomate
Coelom
Body covering
(from ectoderm)

Tissue layer
lining coelom
Digestive tract and suspending
(from endoderm) internal organs
(from mesoderm)

(b) Pseudocoelomate
Body covering
(from ectoderm)

Pseudocoelom Muscle layer

(from
mesoderm)
Digestive tract
(from endoderm)

(c) Acoelomate
Body covering
Tissue-
(from ectoderm)
filled region
(from
mesoderm)

Wall of digestive cavity

(from endoderm)
PORIFERA
This is the following characteristics of
Porifera.

a) Sponges are only two cell layers thick

called diploblastik.
b) Some sponges are asymmetry and the
others are radial symmetry.
c) Sponges do not have tissue or organ but
there are specialized cells to do a certain
job.
1. Choanocytes is flagellated cells to flow
the water, nutrient, and oxygen into
the body.
2. Pinacocytes is flattened cells in the
surface of the body for protection.
3. Amoebocytes is moving cells to
d) Sponges have pores called
ostium to enter water into the
body and osculum to enter
water out of the body.
e) Reproduction
- Asexual by Budding
- Sexuall by Union Sperm and
egg cell
f) The skeleton of sponges called
spicule have many fibers
(Calcium carbonat or Silika).
COELENTERATA

Hydrozoa
Anthozoa

Scypozoa
 Characteristics of Coelenterata
Diploblastik.
Most of them are radial symmetry.
Coelenterata have armlike parts called tentacles
that surround the mouth. Tentacles composed of
cells called cnidocyte contained nematocyst for
catching prey.
Coelenterata have gastrovascular to digested food.
There are 2 metagenesis, polyp and medusa.

Polyp : Shape like a cylinder (sessile form)

Medusa : Shape like a bell or umbrella (free form)
Classification
Hydrozoa (polyp is more
dominant than medusa),
example: Hydra, Obelia
Scypozoa (medusa is
more dominant than
polyp), example: Aurelia
aurita
Anthozoa (only polyp
Figure 33.23

PLATYHELMINTHES
Characteristics of
Platyhelminthes
Flatworms have three layers of cells
called triploblastik.
bilateral symmetry and flattened body.
 Acoelomata means no body cavity.
The respiration (diffusion all body
cells).
The excretion (protonephridia)
Some species have sucker and
rostellum to attach organ’s hospes
(parasites).
example: Dugesia sp
Fasciola hepatica,
Taenia saginata(di sapi), Taenia
solium(di babi)
Homework
Sketch life cycle of
Aurelia aurita,
Fasciola hepatica,
and Taenia solium
in your notebook!
NEMANTHELMINTHES
•Roundsworms are triploblastik and bilateral
symmetry.
•Pseudocoelomata means lack true of body
cavity.
•no-segmented worms.
•The respiration system is diffusion all body
cells.
•Reproduction is gonochoristic (2 different
individuals.)
•Example: Wucheria brancrofti(penyebab
kaki gajah, yg dibawa oleh nyamuk culek),
Ascaris lumbricoides(cacing tambang),
Figure 33.25

ANNELIDA

Hirudinea

Poly(byk)chaeta
Characteristics of
Annelida
Segmented worms are triploblastik
and bilateral symmetry.
Coelomata means true body cavity.
Sexual reproduction
(gonochoristics or hermaprodit)
The respiration system is diffusion
all body cells.
The excretion system uses
nephridia.
Classification
Eunice sp. Nereis viridis, Lysidice
oele. Lumbricus terrestris(cacing
tanah), Tubifex sp.
Hirudinea (no body hair)
example: Hirudo medicinalis,
Haemodipsa sp.
 6. Mollusca
MOLLUSCA

Gastropoda

Pelecypoda

Cephalopoda(k
epala ada kaki)
Characteristics of
Mollusca
Triploblastik and bilateral symmetry.
The body; a foot (muscular of ventral
body), a visceral mass (body organ),
and a mantel (cavity with liquid/ shell).
The digestion system is complete. A
radula is a tongue with teeth like
structure.(lidahnya bergerigi)
The excretion system uses nephridia.
mpy mantel untuk mengekskresikan
cangkang.
Classification
Gastropoda (use a stomach as a
foot) example: Achantia fulica
Pelecypoda (use a thin axe like a
foot) example: Mytillis
viridis(kerang)
Cephalopoda (use head as a foot)
example: Octopus sp, Loligo sp
ARTHROPODA
Characteristics of
Arthropoda
Triploblastikand bilateral symmetry.
The body :caput (head), thorax dada(breast),
and abdomen (stomatch).
The exoskeleton(rangka luar) is made from
chitin. Shedding the exoskeleton is called
molting.
They have appendage (Legs, antennae, and
wings)
Some have singular eye (ocelli) and while others
have compound eyes.
The respiration system is by gills, trachea or
book lungs.
The excretion system uses malphigian tubules.
Figure 33.30
Cephalothorax Abdomen

Antennae Thorax
(sensory Head
reception)

Swimming appen-
dages (one pair per
abdominal segment

Walking legs
Pincer Mouthparts
(defense) (feeding)
Figure 33.33

Intestine Stomach
Heart Brain
Digestive
gland
Eyes

Ovary
Poison
gland

Anus
Book lung
Spinnerets Gonopore Chelicera Pedipalp
(exit for eggs) Sperm
Silk gland receptacle
Figure 33.34

(a) Millipede

(b) Centipede
ECHINODERMATA
Characteristics
Triploblastik and bilateral symmetry.
The body :oral part (the side with
the mouth) and aboral part (the
side the anus).
Ambulacral system (tube feet) is
for locomotion. Tube feet are parts
like suction cups to move, attach the
rock, and get food.
The respiration system uses small
gills
Classification
Asteroidea (five-armed, starfish)
example: Acanthater sp
Ophiuroidea (five-armed, star like but the
arms more flexible) (bintang ular)
ex: Ophiothrix sp
Echinodea (rounded and no arm)

example: Diadima saxatile

Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers and no arm)

example: Holothuria sp
Crinodea (stalk body)

example: Metacrinus rotundus

Figure 33.40

Short digestive tract

Stomach
Anus
Spine
Gills

Central disk

Madreporite

Radial
nerve
Digestive glands
Ring Gonads
canal
Ampulla
Podium
Radial canal Tube feet
Vertebrate
PISCES

a) Cold-blooded (ectotermic/ poikiloterm)

b) Breath with gills (insang)
c) Having scales (sisik) that cover skin
d) Life in water
e) Having lateral line (gurat sisi) for detecting
water movement
f) Internal fertilization (cartilage fish) and
external fertilization (bony fish)
g) Two heart chambers
h) Ovivipary
Classification Pisces
Agnatha (Jawless fish)/ Ikan
tanpa rahang
Ex: Lamprey
 Condricytes (Cartilage Fish)/ Ikan
tulang rawan
Osteicthcytes (Bony Fish)/ Ikan
tulang keras
Shark

Ray
Amphibi
a) Cold-blooded (ectotermic/
poikiloterm)
b) Breath with gills (insang) or
lungs (paru2)
c) Life in 2 places (water n land)
d) Having mucous skin
e) External fertilization
f) Three heart chamber
g) Oviparous
Rana signata Bufo sp

Salamander
Reptile
a) Cold-blooded (ectotermic/
poikiloterm)
b) Breath with lungs (paru2)
c) Life in land
d) Having horny skin
e) Internal fertilization
f) 3 heart chambers (lizard, turtle,
snake) and 4 heart chambers
(crocodile)
g) Oviparous
Aves
a) Warm-blooded (endothermic/
homoioterm)
b) Breath with lungs (paru2)
c) Life in land
d) Having feathers (bulu), wings
(sayap), beak (paruh)
e) Internal fertilization
f) 4 heart chambers
g) Oviparous
Mamals
a) Warm-blooded (endothermic/
homoioterm)
b) Breath with lungs (paru2)
c) Life in land
d) Having mamary glands and hairs
e) Internal fertilization
f) 4 heart chambers
g) Viviparous