COMMUNICATION

Session 6, 7

11th, 17th. July 2019

 COMMUNICATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•Define Communication
•Identify the main functions of Communication

•Describe the Communication Process and distinguish between formal and informal Communication

•Contrast downward, upward and lateral communication

•Differentiate between automatic and controlled processing of persuasive communication

•Identifying barriers to Communication

•Learn steps to Active Listening

 COMMUNICATION DEFINITION
• Communication as the transfer of information and
understanding from person to person.
------Dale Beach
• A process of meaningful interaction among human
beings, by which meanings are perceived and
understandings are reached among human beings.----
McFarland
• Communication is said to be perfect only when the
receiver understand it in the sense the sender
expected him to understand.
 FUNCTION OF COMMUNICATION
• It acts as basis of action
• It facilitates planning
• It helps in decision making
• It acts as a means of coordination
• It improves relationship among peers,
superior and subordinate
• It improves motivation and morale
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS

Message to be sent Message received

Channel
Encoding Message
Message Decoding

Noise

Feedback
 DIRECTION OF COMMUNICATION
•DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
Leaders use it to assign goals, provide job instructions, explain policies etc.

UPWARD COMMUNICATION

Feedback to higher-ups, inform them the progress, relay the current problems et

•LATERAL COMMUNICATION

Saves time and facilitates coordination

 INTER PERSONAL COMMUNICATION

• ORAL COMMUNICATION

• WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

• NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION
• EMAIL
• INSTANT MESSAGING AND SHORT MESSAGING
SERVICES
• SOCIAL NETWORKING
• BLOGS
• VIDEO CONFERENCING
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

• FILTERING
• SELECTIVE PERCEPTION
• INFORMATION OVERLOAD
• EMOTIONS
• LANGUAGE
• SILENCE
• COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION
• LYING
• CULTURAL BARRIERS
 LEVEL OF LISTENING

• Ignoring

• Pretending

• Selective

• Attentive

• Empathic
 STEPS TO ACTIVE LISTENING

• You are important

• What you are going to say is important

• Actively Listen to understand and not hear to

reply
 ACTION

Read the relevant chapter in any referred books