SOCIAL, POLITICAL,

AND CULTURAL
CHANGE
Lesson 3
Short Film
Social Changes

Social change is the

transform the
transformation of
social institutions over
time.
Cultural Changes

Cultural change, on
the other hand, is the
transformation of
culture or the way
people live.
Communication
• Communication is a vital
human process. Through
communication, people
exchange information.
• Nowadays, communication is
made easier.
Communication
• Nowadays, people can share
information in just a click. New
media− −social networking, text
messaging, e-mail , and the
like− −have defied time and
distance. have defied time and
distance.
Communication
• While it makes the world seem
borderless, this form of
communication may produce
individuals who lack the basic
understanding of direct and
personal connections.
Transnational Families

A transnational family is
where one or both parents
live and work in another
country while the children
remain in their country of
origin.
Transnational Families

•While these families

remain secured
financially, their
members are also
exposed to setbacks.
Transnational Families
•Children who become overly
unsupervised find themselves
facing peer pressure, too much
independence, and lack of family
orientation.
•These may result in alcohol or drug
abuse, unwanted pregnancy, mood
swings, or early marriage.
Political Changes
•Political change happens
when the rulers of a
country lose power or
when the type of
governance in the country
changes.
Political Changes
•Governance is the kind of
system or ideology used to
express authority in a
country. It may be a
democracy, monarchy,
oligarchy, and others.
Democracy
• In a democracy, the government is elected by the
people. Everyone who is eligible to vote has a
chance to have their say over who runs the
country. It is distinct from governments controlled
by a particular social class or group (aristocracy;
oligarchy) or by a single person (despotism;
dictatorship; monarchy).
• A democracy is determined either directly or
through elected representatives.
Oligarchy
• A government in which a few people such as a dominant
clan or clique have power.
Monarchy

• A monarchy has a king, queen, emperor or

empress.
• The ruling position can be passed on to the
ruler’s heirs.
• In some traditional monarchies, the monarch
has absolute power.
• But a constitutional monarchy, like the UK,
also has a democratic government that limits
the monarch's control.
Dictatorship

• A country ruled by a single leader.

The leader has not been elected
and may use force to keep
control.
• In a military dictatorship, the army
is in control.
Local Public Services
•Local public services are
provided by the government to
people living within its
jurisdiction, either directly
(through the public sector) or
by financing the provision of
services.
Youth Volunteerism

Volunteerism is the use

or involvement of a
volunteer or free labor in
community services.
Mechanisms of Changes
There are different mechanisms or
tools involved in social and cultural
changes.
Diffusion
Invention
Discovery
Diffusion
It is the process through which the
cultural traits of one society are
borrowed, transmitted, and adopted by
another and considered as its own.
Examples:
• Migration
• Globalization
Invention 
It is the process where new
cultural elements are created to
solve social and cultural
problems.
Example:
• Internet
Discovery
It is the process where people
recognize or gain a better
understanding of already existing
elements present in the
environment.
Example: 
• Scientific research
Changes within Society
Change is said to be constant. It
is inevitable. It is expected to
happen. The big question,
however, is what makes it
happen? Of course, there are
many factors—social, political,
or cultural.
Changes within Society
• Along with time, persons,
environments, and ideologies change.
• People move in and move out. People
live and die.
• People's stories and experiences
change.
• People make discoveries and
innovations.
Changes within Society
• The environment changes as
well—nature, water, earth,
minerals, climate, seasons,
sources of raw materials, and
energy.
Changes within Society
• New knowledge replaces old ones.
• Slavery has been banned.
• Civil rights were granted to those
who were once deprived of them.
• Same-sex marriage is on its way to
worldwide recognition.
• Nothing is permanent but change,
so they say.
Changes within Society

All these contribute

significantly to changes
people experience
socially, politically, and
culturally.