Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PH0101 Unit 2 Lecture 3
PH0101 Unit 2 Lecture 3
D = 0 (1)
B
0=
(2)
B =
E =
t
(μ0 H) (3)
t
= D = E
H 0 (4)
t t
[Since D = ε0 E]
2D 2E
( H ) 0 (5)
t t 2 t 2
2
2E
E 0 ( H ) 0 0 (8)
t 2
2 2 2 2
E E E 1 E
0 0 (or ) . (10)
x 2 t 2 t 2 0 0 x 2
2H
0 0
2H = t 2 (12)
2H
2H =
t 2 (13)
E =
2 2E
(14)
t 2
Solution
Frequency of the em wave = f = 3.0 MHz = 3 10 6 Hz
Relative permittivity of the non – magnetic medium = εr = 4
Relative permeability of the non – magnetic medium = μr = 1
1
Velocity of em wave in vacuum = C =
0 0
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 10
Wavelength of the EM wave in C 1 1
.
vacuum = λ = f f 0 0
1 1
Velocity of em wave in C
non- magnetic medium = 0 r 0 r
C 1 1
.
f f 0 r 0 r
1 1 1
. 1
f 0= 0 r r
3 10 8 1
= 6
1 50 m
3 10 4
i.e. the wavelength decreased by 50 m.
We know that , J = σ E
E y 2c 2
E0 cos (ct x) (3)
t
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 14
For three dimensional variation of H
ii jj kk
H H
xx yy
zz
H Hxx Hyy
H HHz z
H =
H z H y H z H x H y H x H z
i j k
y z x z x y x
(4)
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 15
Since H varies only in the Z – direction and wave traveling along
X – axis, the component of H other than
H z
becomes zero in equation (4)
x
From the fourth law of free space Maxwell’s equation,
E y
H 0 (5)
t
From equations (4) and (5),
Hz Ey
0 (6)
x t
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 16
Substituting E y 2c 2
E0 cos (ct x) in Eqn (6)
t
Hz 2c 2
0 E0 cos (ct x ) (7)
x
Hz = 1 2
0E0 sin (ct – x)
0 0
0 2
Hz = E0 sin (ct – x)
0
0
Hz = Ey (9)
0
0 = 376.8
For free space, Z = 0
C E0 7
2
Hint: 1.5 10 m and 0
B 1. 6 10 T
f C
Ey
Hz X
= B D
H. E. (2)
t t
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 24
. B D
.(E H) H.
t
E.
t
E H
== 0 E. 0 H.
t t
1 E 1 H
== 0 (2 E ). 0 (2 H ). (3)
2 t 2 t
1 1 2
== 0 E 2
0 H (4)
t 2 2
Integrating the equation (4) over the volume V, we get
1 1 2
.( E H ) t 2 0 E 2 0 H dV
2
(5)
V V
1 1 2
( E H ).dS t 2 0 E 2 0 H dV
2
S V (6)
The term on the RHS within the integral of the
equation (6) represents the sum of the energies of
electric and magnetic fields.
Um
0 H 2
B
C
2
1
0E2 UE
2 2 0 2
E 1
C and C
[as B 0 0 ]
which shows that instantaneous energy density associated
with electric field i.e. energy is equally shared by the two
fields.
PH0101 UNIT 2 LECTURE 3 28
Significance of P