COPERNICAN

REVOLUTION

GROUP 1:
ABELLA, WENALYN GRACE
ABONITALLA, DOROTHY
ALUBA, NICOLE
AMADO, LOVELY
BALCUEVA, IRENE GRACE
BALIBAD, DEBIE
BONTILAO, JIMNAH RHODRICK
 Copernican Revolution

o The theories and ideas from ancicent

thinkers about the natural world and the
universe laid a foundation of how we
understand astronomy today. Though
there is only a small number of
extraordinary thinkers during the time of
antiquity, there is always a divergence of
theories and ideas of philosophers duirng
that time.
 Copernican Revolution

 The fact that the Earth is not the center of

the solar system is only one of the results
of scientific revolution. Mathematics was
the common tool used by ancient
astronomers to explain the motion of
celestial bodies and on the latter combined
with actual observations that provided
enought evidences proving that the sun is
the center of the solar system.
Copernican Revolution
 Notable Contributions of Ancient
Astronomers
ASTRONOMERS
Aristotle (384-322 B.C., Greek)
Aristarchus (310-320 B.C., Greek)
Hipparchus (190-120 B.C., Greek)
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Proved that the Earth is spherical.
- Earth was at the center of the
universe, i.e., sun, planets, and
stars were located in sphere that
revolved around the Earth.
- The first to propose the idea that
the Sun was at the center of the
universe.
- Considered to be the greatest
astronomer of ancient times.
- Measured Earth’s distance to the
moon
- Discovered the wobbling of the
Earth.
Aristotle
Aristarchus
Hipparchus

The system of epicycles describing

planetary motion was developed
by Hipparchus, and helped
preserve the geocentric model of
the universe. His estimates of the 
moon's size and distance relative
to Earth were also remarkably
accurate for his time.
Hipparchus is considered the
founder of trigonometry for his
work with the lengths of chords
traced out by angles in a circle. His
table of chords was the forerunner
to modern trig tables.
Claudius Ptolemy (85-165 A.D., Used hipparchus observation
Greek) to develop the Ptolemaic
system which describes the
earth as the center of the
universe with sun, moon, etc.

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473- Concluded that the sun and

1543, Polish) not the earth is the center of
the universes.

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642, Supported Copernican model

Thailand of the universe.

Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) Formulated the three laws of

planetary motion.
Claudius Ptolemy
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
 Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler, working with data painstakingly collected by

Tycho Brahe without the aid of a telescope, developed three
laws which described the motion of the planets across the sky.
1. The Law of Orbits: All planets move in elliptical orbits,
with the sun at one focus.
2. The Law of Areas: A line that connects a planet to the sun
sweeps out equal areas in equal times.
3. The Law of Periods: The square of the period of any
planet is proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its
orbit.
Kepler's laws were derived for orbits around the sun, but they
apply to satellite orbits as well.