DEVELOPMENT OF RICE

INSECT PEST / DISEASE

WEATHER CALENDER

Dr. N. R. G. VARMA
PRINCIPAL SCIENTIST (ENTOMOLOGY)
RICE RESEARCH CENTRE
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ARI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 30
• Rice accounts for > 43% of total food grain production and
55% of cereals production in India (Dutta et al., 2019).
• In India, rice crop occupies an area of 44.50 m. ha. with
production of 116.42 million tonnes and a productivity of 2616
kg ha-1 (INDIASTAT, 2019).
• Telangana contributes 4.78 % towards rice production from an
area of 3.54% of country’s rice area.
• In Telangana, rice was cultivated in an area of 18.89 lakh
hectares with a production of 66.41 lakh metric tonnes and an
average productivity of 3516 kg ha-1 (www.tsagri.nic.in) during
2018-19.
• Rice area sharply increased (32.13 lakh ha during 2019-20) in
Telangana due to improved irrigation facilities, free supply of
24 x 7 electricity to agriculture and pro-farmer policies being
implemented by the State Government.
Area, Production and Productivity of Paddy in Telangana (2012-13 to 2019-2020)

188.6
Area (lakh ha) Production (Lakh tonnes)
2012-13
14.2
2013-14
32.1
19.1 2014-15
65.99 62.6 67
2015-16 57.6
46.5 45.4
2016-17 30.5
19.5 14.2
2017-18

10.5 2018-19 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-
20*
19.6 2019-20*
18.3

6000
Productivity (kg/ha) 5870
5000

4000 3278
3008 3211 3606
2913 3192 3436
3000

2000

1000

0
3
2 -1 -1
4 5
1 3 -1 -1
6 7
20 20
1 1 4 5 -1 8
20 1 6 -1 -1
9 *
20 20
1 1 7 8 20
20 20
1
1 9-
20
• Rice-rice is the predominant cropping system.

• Three clear planting seasons viz., from June to November (kharif /wet
season), December to March (rabi / dry season) and April to July
(edagaru).

• Insect pests and diseases are the most important and wide spread biotic
stresses that vary widely in intensity and can cause up to 25-37 % yield
loss.

• Weather profoundly influences production and productivity of rice -

growth, development and yield and insect pests and diseases.

• In Telangana, about 4,000 tonnes of pesticides are being sold annually.

PROBLEM: Majority of the farmers are taking up the control measures when
particular insect pest or disease inflicts damage over large area without
properly taking up preventive measures or understanding the prevailing
weather conditions.

SOLUTION: Manipulation of crop environment through improved

management practices is possible by understanding of the existing normal
weather parameters of a region, crop phenology taking into consideration of
sowing windows of the area, optimal climatic requirements for different
phenological stages, and pest scenario of the location.

ANSWER: Rice Insect Pest / Disease Weather Calendar – A comprehensive

guide / tool which provides information on stage wise occurrence of insect-
pests and diseases at district level to take up timely control measures thereby
enabling reduction in yield losses.
 Rice Insect Pest / Disease Weather Calendar

AIM:

• Reduce usage of pesticides and cost of plant protection at least by 25-30%

• Keep insect-pests / diseases below threshold levels through integrated
management measures
• Encourage prophylactic measures at initial infestation of insect-pests /
diseases depending on the crop phenophase.
• Act as a Guide & forewarn the extension workers on occurrence of insect-
pests / diseases under prevailing weather conditions at district level.
• Make the extension functionaries to be vigilant, monitor the crop and in
turn guide the farmers to take up timely plant protection measures, which
would pave way for increasing farmers net income and create safer
environment in the state of Telangana.
 Detailed information for each important crop on
their ……
• Crop phenophases
• Important periods in their life cycle of insect
pests and diseases
• Most probable weather requirements
• Presented in a pictorial form called the “Rice
Insect Pest Weather Calendar”. 
• A crop weather calendar is an effective tool
which can be used in issuing value added
weather based agromet advisory for crops.

• Targeting pests and diseases at susceptible crop

phenophases.
• In kharif, farmers cultivate varieties belonging to three different
duration groups viz., long duration (140-160 days), medium duration
(130-140 days), short duration (115-125 days). While, in rabi
predominantly short duration varieties are being cultivated in
Telangana.

• The Crop Pest Weather Calendars were developed for different districts,
for different duration groups duly taking into consideration the major
crop sowing periods. For Ex. In a district like Nizamabad, the sowing of
long duration starts from May onwards, while in other districts it starts
from June 2nd fortnight.
45-60 days 110-125 days
65-75 days 130-140 days
75-95 days 140-160 days
CRIDA MODEL
Crop – weather – pest calendar for rice crop
Crop weather calendars consist of three parts : A, B and C Part A: Climatic normals

• The uppermost portion of calendar contains average

meteorological data for different months and their respective
standard meteorological weeks for the location / station for the
entire growth period of the crop. (at least 20 years data)

• The middle part shows the typical life history of the crop in the
form of a diagram. Important “growth phases” relevant to the
crop species

• The bottom portion of the calendar consists of meteorological

conditions conducive for incidence of pests and diseases and the
nature of the weather warnings that can be given
CROP PEST WEATHER CALENDER FOR RICE IN TELANGANA
STATE DURING KHARIF
MONTH/PESTS JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER
INSECT PESTS
YELLOW STEM BORER L L M H H
GALL MIDGE L M H
HISPA L M M
WHORL MAGGOT L M
CASE WORM L M
SPODOPTERA MAURITIA L M
BROWN PLANTHOPPER M H H
WHITEBACKED PLANTHOPPER H M

LEAF MITE L M
LEAF FOLDER L M H
PANICLE MITE M H
GUNDHI BUG L L
ARMY WORM L M
DISEASES
SEED AND SEEDLING ROTS L L
LEAF BLAST L L
BROWN SPOT L
BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT L H
CROWN ROT L
STEM ROT L L
SHEATH BLIGHT L H H
SHEATH ROT L H H
GRAIN DISCOLOURATION M H
NECK BLAST L M H
FALSE SMUT L M M
REGULAR -ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT REGULAR-MINIMUM YIELD LOSS SPORADIC-HIGHLY LOCALIZED
L: PEST ABSENT OR LOW IN NUMBER; M: MONITOR TO AVOID UNNECESESSARY SPRAY; HIGH: NEED BASED SPRAYING COMPULSORY
 CROP WEATHER INSECT PEST CALENDER FOR RICE - NIZAMABAD DISTRICT
KHARIF (MEDIUM DURATION VARIETY – 130 TO 140 DAYS)
Month JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT
Std. weeks 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Tmax (0C) 33.6 32.9 32.1 31.4 30.8 30.6 30.2 31.1 30.8 30.6 31.3 32.0 31.7 33.0 32.8 33.2 32.6 32.4 31.7 31.8
Tmin (0C) 25.1 24.9 24.5 24.3 23.8 23.9 23.7 24.0 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.6 23.4 23.0 22.3 21.3 20.0 19.0 18.5
Normal weather

Tmean (0C) 29.3 28.9 28.3 27.9 27.3 27.2 27.0 27.6 27.2 27.1 27.5 27.9 27.7 28.2 27.9 27.7 26.9 26.2 25.4 25.2
RF (mm) 43.1 48.6 56.2 62.5 81.7 83.7 63.0 38.0 75.6 50.5 41.8 39.7 37.0 22.7 30.6 15.0 29.9 8.6 6.4 6.5
RH1 (%) 72.1 74.8 77.3 79.0 81.2 80.6 80.8 79.8 81.9 81.9 80.9 80.9 81.4 80.3 80.5 79.9 79.2 77.1 77.4 77.1
RH2 (%) 59.5 62.9 65.9 70.1 71.1 72.7 71.4 68.7 71.1 72.5 70.5 70.6 71.7 65.8 67.1 62.1 61.1 57.8 56.0 57.3
EVP (mm) 5.3 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.1
SS (hr) 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.9 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 6.2 6.0 6.7 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.7
WS (Km/h) 11.5 9.9 8.2 7.8 7.8 10.1 8.0 6.9 5.8 6.3 6.0 5.2 5.0 3.0 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.8

Phenophases
Heading to Physiological maturity
Nursery/ Seedling Transplanting to PI PI to Heading
 
Duration-Days (26 - 30) 51 -53 25-27 28-30
Tmax (0C) 31.5 - 35.6 29.1 - 30.8 30.9 - 32.6 32.0 - 33.0
Tmin (0C) 24.5 - 25.8 23.4 - 24.4 23.4 - 23.8 20.4 - 22.9
Optimum weather

Tmean (0C) 28.0 - 30.7 26.3 - 27.6 27.3 - 28.0 26.2 - 27.6
RF (mm) 220 542 154 63
RH1 (%) 67 - 79 79 - 85 81 - 84 80 - 84
RH2 (%) 55 - 70 69 - 77 65 - 76 60 - 69
EVP (mm) 2.9 - 6.0 2.0 - 3.0 2.3 - 2.8 2.9 - 3.2
SS (hr) 2.6 - 5.6 2.0 - 4.6 4.1 - 6.1 6.0 - 8.2
WS (Km/h) 11.8 - 16.8 5.2 - 15.0 3.3 - 5.9 1.5 - 2.9

STD WEEK 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Yellow Stem Borer Max. Temp : 29-30 OC , Min. Temp : 20-23 OC, Optimum temperature for egg hatching : 28-33 OC, Larvae: 23-29 OC, 430-530 Degree days /generation. SSH : > 7/day, Upper Threshold: 35 OC, Lower Threshold : Egg-13 OC, Larvae - 16 OC

No or low Moths & egg masses Egg masses & young Moderate to high incidence of stem borer (dead hearts) Low to moderate incidence of stem borer No or low
Incidence scenario
incidence larvae (white ears) incidence

Recommendation Use granular insecticides in nursery one Monitor with pheromone traps, use Tricho cards or need based insecticides between 27 h to 34 th Do not use any insecticides beyond 38th std. week against stem borer
week before pulling std. weeks (July 2 nd to August 26th)

Planthoppers Optimum temperature: 25-30 OC, RH: 70-90%, RF: >30mm for 3-4 weeks (during August and September)
Incidence scenario No incidence till 36 th std. week (Sept.9 th) during Adults Nymphs and adults suck the sap Yellowing or hopper burns noticed No or low incidence
low rainfall or drought years

Recommendation Provide alley ways, practice alternate wetting and drying, do not use resurgence causing Monitor and use recommended insecticides twice at 14 days interval only from 35 th std.week (Sept. 3 rd
chemicals, Use N in splits onwards)

Gall Midge Optimum Temp. 22-26 OC, Max.Temp: 31-34 OC, T. Min. 20-23 OC, Morn. RH: 90-95% Afternoon RH: 70%
Incidence scenario No or low incidence GM and galls noticed No or low incidence

Recommendation Do not use any insecticides for gall midge till 28 std. week (July 8 ). Only use granular insecticides at 10-15 DAT under delayed planting or delayed onset of monsoon.
h th

Leaf folder Optimum Temp: 25-30 OC, Opt. Temp for egg:28.9 OC, larvae:25.1 OC, Pupa:23.7 OC, Upper Threshold:36.4 OC, Lower Threshold:11.2 O
Incidence scenario No or low incidence Adults and larvae noticed Low to moderate incidence

Recommendation Do not use any insecticides for leaf folder till 33 std. week (August 19 )
rd th
Need based use of insecticides
Use Tricho cards

Low incidence – Insecticide use may be minimized Moderate to high incidence – Insecticide use may be suggested depending upon crop stage
PJTSAU MODEL
 PART A

The months and standard meteorological weeks are mentioned at the top of calendar

Typical life history of the crop in the form of a diagram depicting different phenophases
These phases show temporal and spatial variation – Place, variety, sowing window

Normal weather conditions favourable for the pest build up and phenological stage wise
incidence of insect pests and diseases

Long term light trap data Insect pest / disease incidence Production oriented survey
data over the years data of different districts
collected over a period of > 10
years
 PREVALENCE OF INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES IN TELANGANA STATE
BASED ON POS REPORTS
INSECT PEST LOW MODERATE SEVERE
YELLO STEM BORER (YSB) 2008 2017 2012
BROWN PLANTHOPPER (BPH) 2008, 2010, 2016, 2009, 2014 2012, 2013, 2015,
2019 2017
GALL MIDGE (GM) 2008, 2014 2015 2010
LEAF FOLDER (LF) 2008, 2010 2011, 2019 2012, 2018
DISEASE LOW MODERATE SEVERE
LEAF BLAST (LB) 2009, 2011 2016 2012, 2013, 2017
NECK BLAST (NB) 2009, 2011, 2019 2018 2010, 2015, 2016
SHEATH BLIGHT (SHB) 2008, 2015 2012 (2010, 2013, 2016,
2018, 2019) *
BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT (BLB) 2010, 2013, 2014, 2012 * 2017, 2018
2019
SHEATH ROT (SHR) & GRAIN 2018, 2019 2013, 2014 2009, 2012, 2016
DISCOLOURATION (GD)
FALSE SMUT (FS) - - (2008, 2010,
2013)*, 2019 #
 RICE INSECT PEST WEATHER CALENDAR FOR LONG DURATION VARIETY

PHENOPHASE SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

Tillering Panicle Initiation Booting
Seedling
MONTH MAY JUNE (Nursery) JULYSeedling (Transplanting)
AUGUST to SEPTEMBERto to
OCTOBER NOV
Active Tillering Booting Heading
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4 43
STD. WEEK
2

YSB Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33OC, Larvae: 23-29OC
Moths & Egg masses & Dead heart Incidence
egg masses Lavae

BPH Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 25-30OC, RH: 70-90%, RF: >30mm for 3-4 weeks (Aug. and Sept.), Cum. August RF: 200mm
Adults & Nymphs and adults suck the sap
Nymphs & hopper burn in susceptible varieties

GM Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 22-26OC, Max T: 31-34OC, Min T: 20-23OC, RH Max: 90-95% RH Min: 70%
Incidence of galls

LF Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp: 25-30OC, Opt. Temp. for egg:28.9OC, larvae:25.1OC
Adults & larvae Leaf folder damage

YSB: YELLOW STEM BORER, BPH: BROWN PLANTHOPPER, GM: GALL MIDGE, LF: LEAF FOLDER
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR LONG DURATION VARIETY
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

MONTH MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOV.

STD. WEEK 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

Seedling Tillering to Booting to Heading to Physiological

Phenophases Seedling (Nursery) PI to Booting
(Transplanting) Active Tillering Heading maturity
BLAST High RH (93-99%), low night temp. (16-20˚C for 7 days), Intermittent drizzles, cloudy weather, Application of excess ‘N’ and collateral hosts
Leaf Blast Leaf & Neck Blast Neck Blast

Sheath High RH of canopy (90-95%), temp. (28-32°C), high RF, excess ‘N’ application, Water stagnation, closer planting and collateral hosts.
Blight
vorable weather and Disease Scenario

BLB Temperature (22-26°C), RH (above 70%). Continuous and heavy rainfall, cyclones, floods and strong winds. Application of excess ‘N’’

SHR & GD High RH (90%) and temperature (25-30°C), frequent RF, closer planting and application of high doses of ‘N’. Injuries and wounds at PI stage
Climatic normals for higher yields in rice: Data of rice productivity from 1996 to 2017
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR LONG DURATION VARIETY
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

MONTH MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOV

STD. WEEK 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
39.1 36.5 34.7 33.6 32.9 32.1 31.4 30.8 30.6 30.2 31.1 30.8 30.6 31.3 32.0 31.7 33.0 32.8 33.2 32.6 32.4 31.7 31.7
T Max. (0C)
27.2 26.0 25.4 25.1 24.9 24.5 24.3 23.8 23.9 23.7 24.0 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.6 23.4 23.0 22.3 21.3 20.0 19.0 19.0
T Min. (0C)
Normal weather

33.2 31.2 30.0 29.3 28.9 28.3 27.9 27.3 27.2 27.0 27.6 27.2 27.1 27.5 27.9 27.7 28.2 27.9 27.7 26.9 26.2 25.4 25.4
T Mean (0C)
22.2 41.3 40.7 43.1 48.6 56.2 62.5 81.7 83.7 63.0 38.0 75.6 50.5 41.8 39.7 37.0 22.7 30.6 15.0 29.9 8.6 6.4 6.4
Rain (mm)
58.5 67.0 69.5 72.1 74.8 77.3 79.0 81.2 80.6 80.8 79.8 81.9 81.9 80.9 80.9 81.4 80.3 80.5 79.9 79.2 77.1 77.4 77.4
RH Max. (%)
39.6 51.1 54.8 59.5 62.9 65.9 70.1 71.1 72.7 71.4 68.7 71.1 72.5 70.5 70.6 71.7 65.8 67.1 62.1 61.1 57.8 56.0 56.0
RH Min. (%)
8.8 7.1 6.3 5.3 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.1
Evap (mm)
6.0 5.1 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.9 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 6.2 6.0 6.7 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.7
SShr (hrs)
8.7 10.7 11.0 11.5 9.9 8.2 7.8 7.8 10.1 8.0 6.9 5.8 6.3 6.0 5.2 5.0 3.0 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.8
WS (km/hr)

PHENOPHASE  
 
Heading to Physiological
Seedling (Nursery) Seedling (Transplanting) to PI PI to Heading
maturity
Duration (days) (30 - 35) 66 -70 25-28 28-30
T Max. (0C) 33.1 - 42.5 29.1 - 31.5 30.9 - 32.6 31.2 - 33.0
T Min. (0C) 25.0 - 29.9 23.4 - 24.5 22.9 - 23.7 18.6 - 22.1
Optimum weather

T Mean (0C) 29.0 - 36.2 26.3 - 28.0 27.3 - 28.0 24.9 - 27.6
Rain (mm) 187 659 146 32
RH Max. (%) 41 - 75 79 - 85 81 - 84 79 - 83
RH Min. (%) 26 - 63 69 - 77 65 - 76 59 - 65
Evap (mm) 4.3 - 11.2 2.0 - 3.0 2.3 - 2.9 2.8 - 3.2
SShr (hrs) 3.1 - 7.4 2.0 - 5.7 4.1 - 6.1 6.7 - 8.2
WS (km/hr) 10.0 - 16.8 5.2 - 15.0 2.9 - 4.7 1.4 - 2.2
2 irrigations are required 2 irrigations are required 2 irrigations are required 2 irrigations are required
 GUIDE TO USE RICE PEST WEATHER CALENDAR
SEASON: KHARIF DURATION GROUP: LONG DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
STANDARD WEEK PHENOPHASE LEVEL OF PEST INCIDENCE RECOMMENDATIONS
22nd to 24th Std. Week Negligible incidence of YSB Insecticide use may be minimized during this
(28th May to 17th June) period.
25th to 27th Std. Week SEEDLING Low incidence of YSB moths & Monitor presence of moths & egg masses. Use
(NURSERY & egg masses Pheromone traps.
(18th June to 8th July) TRANSPLANTING)
28th to 29th Std. Week Moderate incidence of Egg masses Use recommended granular formulations during
(9th July to 22nd July) and larvae of YSB this period.

30th to 34th Std. Week Moderate incidence of galls and Use recommended granular or spray
(23 July to 26th Aug) dead hearts formulations during this period.
TILLERING TO
ACTIVE
31st to 33rd Std. Week TILLERING Low incidence of BPH adults & Monitor twice at weekly intervals. Do not use
(30th July to 19th Aug) nymphs resurgence causing chemicals during this period.

34th to 37th Std. Week Low incidence of adults and Monitor and minimize insecticide use during
(20th Aug to 16th Sept) larvae of Leaf folder this period.
PI TO BOOTING

34th to 40th Std. Week Severe incidence of BPH, Monitor and use recommended insecticides on
(20th Aug to 7th Oct) yellowing and hopper burns need basis, twice at 14 days interval during this
BOOTING TO
HEADING period.

35th to 44th Std. week
(27th Aug. to 4th Nov.}
HEADING TO
PHYSIOLOGICAL
38th to 42nd std. week MATURITY
(17th Sept to 21st Oct)
Negligible incidence of YSB Insecticide use may be minimized during this
period.
Moderate incidence of leaf folder Use recommended insecticides only once if > 3
damage damaged leaves/hill are observed.
 GUIDE FOR USE OF RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR LONG DURATION VARIETY
SEASON: KHARIF
STANDARD WEEK
22-30th standard week
(28th May – 29th July):
22-33rd (28th May – 19th Aug.):
31-35th (30th Jul.– 02nd Sep.)
30-33rd (23rd Jul.– 19th Aug.)
31-33rd (30th Jul. – 19th Aug.)
34-36th (20th Aug. – 09th Sep.)
36-40th (03rd Oct. – 07th Oct.)
37-39th (10th Sep. – 30h Sep.)
38-40th (17h Sep.– 07th Oct.):
41-44th Std. Week
(08th October – 04th November):
40-44th (01st Oct.– 04th Nov.):
LEVEL OF DISEASE
Negligible level of LB & NB, Sheath
Blight and BLB
Negligible – Sheath Rot & GD
Low level of Leaf Blast
Low level of Sheath Blight
Low level of BLB
Low level of Sheath Rot & GD,
Sheath blight, BLB
Moderate incidence of LB and NB
Moderate incidence of ShR and GD.
Severe – Sheath Blight
Severe incidence of NB
Severe incidence of SHR & GD
DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Monitor the incidence in nursery and spray need based fungicides
 Fungicides usage may be minimized during this period.
 Monitor the incidence for kresek phase of BLB from nursery to seedling stage
(Very Rare)
 Monitor for initial lesions on leaves. Need based use of fungicides if 3-5
lesions/leaf observed. Split application of “N” fertilizer (3-4 splits).
 Periodically monitor the plants near to the bunds during PI to booting stage.
Avoid weeds on bunds of the field.
 Stop application of “N” ferti. temporarily if >5% of infected plants/m 2
observed. IInd FN of Aug. is the crucial period for initiation of BLB in
Nizamabad.
 Most imp. period for spraying of recommended fungicides if rainfall during
this window based on location specific problem
 Most pivotal period (PI to booting stage) for prophylactic spray of
fungicides, if 2-5 neck infected plants/m 2 observed and spraying of
fungicides is crucial for control of NB at later stages of crop growth.
 Refrain from use of “N” fertilizers for certain period and also apply 15 kg
MOP per acre at PI to booting stage.
 Use of recommended fungicides and compatible insecticides at booting to
heading is most crucial to reduce the GD at maturity stage
 Repeat and alternate the combination fungicides
 Alternate and spray the fungicides twice at 5–7 days interval
 Don’t use the fungicides at 7-10 days before harvesting.
 Spraying of fungicides in this window is not advisable and cost intensive
 RICE INSECT PEST WEATHER CALENDAR FOR MEDIUM DURATION VARIETY
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
MONTH JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER
STD. WEEK 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4243

PHENOPHASE
Tillering Panicle Initiation Booting Heading to
Seedling Seedling Physiological
to to to
(Nursery) (Transplanting) maturity
Active Tillering Booting Heading
 
YSB Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33OC, Larvae: 23-29OC

Moths & Egg masses &

Dead heart Incidence White ear Incidence
egg masses Larvae

BPH Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 25-30OC, RH: 70-90%, RF: >30mm for 3-4 weeks (Aug. and Sept.), Cum. Aug. RF: ±200 mm
Adults Nymphs, adults suck
the sap & yellowing Hopper burns

GM Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 22-26OC, Max T: 31-34OC, Min T: 20-23OC, RH Max: 90-95% RH Min: 70%
Incidence of galls

LF Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp: 25-30OC, Opt. Temp. for egg:28.9OC, larvae:25.1OC
Adults & larvae Leaf folder damage

YSB: YELLOW STEM BORER, BPH: BROWN PLANTHOPPER, GM: GALL MIDGE, LF: LEAF FOLDER
 GUIDE TO USE RICE PEST WEATHER CALENDAR
SEASON: KHARIF DURATION GROUP: MEDIUM DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

STANDARD WEEK PHENOPHASE LEVEL OF PEST INCIDENCE RECOMMENDATIONS

24h to 25th Std. Week Negligible incidence of YSB, BPH, Insecticide use may be minimized during this
(11th June to 24th GM, LF period.
June)
26th to 27th Std. Week Low YSB moths and egg masses Insecticide use may be minimized during this
(25th June to 8th July) SEEDLING period.
(NURSERY & Monitor presence of YSB moths & egg masses.
TRANSPLANTING)
Use Pheromone traps.
Negligible incidence of BPH, GM, LF Use recommended granular or spray
28th to 30th Std. Week Moderate incidence of YSB egg formulations during this period.
(9th July to 29th July) masses & larvae
Moderate incidence of dead hearts Insecticide use may be minimized during this
31st to 34th Std. Week TILLERING & (YSB ) and galls (GM) period.
(30th July to26th Aug) ACTIVE TILLERING Low incidence of BPH adults &
nymphs
35th to 36th Std. week No incidence of YSB. Low LF adults. Use recommended granular or spray
(27th Aug. to 9th Sept) High incidence of BPH adults & formulations against YSB during this period.
PI TO BOOTING
nymphs Target P.I to booting stage to avoid white ears
later.
37th to 40th Std. Week Moderate white ear incidence & leaf Use recommended insecticides only once if > 3
(10th Sept to 7th Oct) BOOTING TO folder damage, High hopper burn LF damaged leaves/hill are observed
HEADING Use recommended insecticides for BPH on
need basis twice at 14 days interval.
42nd to 43rd Std. Week HEADING TO Negligible Incidence Do not use any insecticides during this period
(15th to 20th Oct) PHYSIOLOGICAL
MATURITY
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR MEDIUM DURATION VARIETIES
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

MONTH JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER

STD. WEEK 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

Phenophases Seedling Tillering to Booting to Heading to

Seedling (Nursery) PI to Booting
(Transplanting) Active Tillering Heading Physiological maturity

BLAST High RH (93-99%), low night temp. (16-20˚C for 7 days), Intermittent drizzles, cloudy weather, Application of excess ‘N’ and collateral hosts
Leaf Blast Leaf & Neck Blast Neck Blast

Sheath High RH of canopy (90-95%), temp. (28-32°C), high RF, excess ‘N’ application, Water stagnation, closer planting and collateral hosts.
Blight
vorable weather and Disease Scenario

BLB Temperature (22-26°C), RH (above 70%). Continuous and heavy rainfall, cyclones, floods and strong winds. Application of excess ‘N’’

SHR & GD High RH (90%) and temperature (25-30°C), frequent RF, closer planting and application of high doses of ‘N’. Injuries and wounds at PI stage
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR MEDIUM DURATION VARIETIES
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

Month JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

Std. weeks 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
32.
Tmax (0C)
33.6 32.9 32.1 31.4 30.8 30.6 30.2 31.1 30.8 30.6 31.3 32.0 31.7 33.0 32.8 33.2 32.6 4 31.7 31.8
20.
Tmin ( C)
0
25.1 24.9 24.5 24.3 23.8 23.9 23.7 24.0 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.6 23.4 23.0 22.3 21.3 0 19.0 18.5
Normal weather

26.
Tmean (0C)
29.3 28.9 28.3 27.9 27.3 27.2 27.0 27.6 27.2 27.1 27.5 27.9 27.7 28.2 27.9 27.7 26.9 2 25.4 25.2
RF (mm) 43.1 48.6 56.2 62.5 81.7 83.7 63.0 38.0 75.6 50.5 41.8 39.7 37.0 22.7 30.6 15.0 29.9 8.6 6.4 6.5
77.
RH1 (%)
72.1 74.8 77.3 79.0 81.2 80.6 80.8 79.8 81.9 81.9 80.9 80.9 81.4 80.3 80.5 79.9 79.2 1 77.4 77.1
57.
RH2 (%)
59.5 62.9 65.9 70.1 71.1 72.7 71.4 68.7 71.1 72.5 70.5 70.6 71.7 65.8 67.1 62.1 61.1 8 56.0 57.3
EVP (mm) 5.3 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.1
SS (hr) 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.9 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 6.2 6.0 6.7 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.7
WS (Km/h) 11.5 9.9 8.2 7.8 7.8 10.1 8.0 6.9 5.8 6.3 6.0 5.2 5.0 3.0 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.8

Phenophases

Heading to Physiological
Seedling state (Nursery) Seedling (Transplanting) to PI PI to Heading
maturity 
Duration-Days (26 - 30) 51 -53 25-27 28-30
Tmax (0C) 31.5 - 35.6 29.1 - 30.8 30.9 - 32.6 32.0 - 33.0
Tmin (0C) 24.5 - 25.8 23.4 - 24.4 23.4 - 23.8 20.4 - 22.9
Optimum weather

Tmean (0C) 28.0 - 30.7 26.3 - 27.6 27.3 - 28.0 26.2 - 27.6
RF (mm) 220 542 154 63
RH1 (%) 67 - 79 79 - 85 81 - 84 80 - 84
RH2 (%) 55 - 70 69 - 77 65 - 76 60 - 69
EVP (mm) 2.9 - 6.0 2.0 - 3.0 2.3 - 2.8 2.9 - 3.2
SS (hr) 2.6 - 5.6 2.0 - 4.6 4.1 - 6.1 6.0 - 8.2
WS (Km/h) 11.8 - 16.8 5.2 - 15.0 3.3 - 5.9 1.5 - 2.9
 GUIDE FOR USE OF RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR MEDOUM DURATION VARIETIES
SEASON: KHARIF
STANDARD WEEK
24-33rd (11th Jun. – 19th Aug.)
34-36th (20th Aug. – 09th Sep.)
36-38th Std. Week (03rd
September – 23rd September):
34-35th Std. Week (20th Aug. –
02nd September)
37-38th (10th Sep. – 23rd Sep.)
36-41st (03rd Sep.– 14th Oct.)
39-43th Std. Week (24th September
– 28th October)
LEVEL OF DISEASE
Negligible level of LB & NB,
sheath blight, BLB, Sheath Rot &
GD
Low level of Sheath Rot & GD
Moderate incidence of LB and NB
Moderate incidence of Sheath
Blight & BLB
Moderate incidence of ShR and
GD.
Severe – Sheath Blight
Severe incidence of NB
DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Monitor the incidence of leaf blast in nursery and spray need based fungicides if
3-5 lesions/leaf observed.
 Monitor the incidence for kresek phase of BLB from nursery to seedling stage
(Sporadic)
 Fungicides usage may be minimized during this period.
 Most imp. period for spraying of fungicides if rainfall during this
window
 Most crucial period (PI to booting stage) for prophylactic spray of
fungicides, if 2-5 neck infected plants/m2 observed and spraying of
fungicides is important for control of NB at later stages of crop growth.
 Refrain from use of “N” fertilizers for certain period and also apply 15 kg
MOP per acre at PI to booting stage.
 Use recommended fungicides to suppress the vertical development, if 2–
3 infected plants /m2 (lesions 5-6 mm length/plant) observed.
 Prophylactic spray of bactericides to avoid the further spread of BLB.
 Use of recommended fungicides and compatible insecticides at booting to
heading is most crucial to reduce the GD at maturity stage
 Repeat and alternate the combination fungicides
 Alternate and spray the fungicides twice at 5–7 days interval. Don’t use the
fungicides at 7-10 days before harvesting and is not cost effective.
 RICE INSECT PEST WEATHER CALENDAR FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETY
PHENOPHASEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABADBooting to Heading
Nursery/ Transplanting Tillering to Panicle Initiation to
SE Active Tillering
JULY Seedling
AUGUST SEPTEMBER Booting
OCTOBER NOVEMBER
MONTH
STD. WEEK 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 4546

YSB Incidence Scenario Op Optimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33OC, Larvae: 23-29OCtimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33 OC, Larvae: 3
Moths & Egg masses & Larvae White ear Incidence
egg masses

BPH Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 25-30OC, RH: 70-90%, RF: >30mm for 3-4 weeks (Aug. and Sept.), Cum. Aug. RF: 200mm
Adults Nymphs, adults Hopper burns
suck
the sap &
yellowing

GM Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 22-26OC, Max T: 31-34OC, Min T: 20-23OC, RH Max: 90-95% RH Min: 70%
Incidence of galls

LF Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp: 25-30OC, Opt. Temp. for egg:28.9OC, larvae:25.1OC
Adults & larvae Leaf folder damage

YSB: YELLOW STEM BORER, BPH: BROWN PLANTHOPPER, GM: GALL MIDGE, LF: LEAF FOLDER
 GUIDE TO USE RICE PEST WEATHER CALENDAR
SEASON: KHARIF DURATION GROUP: SHORT DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

STANDARD WEEK LEVEL OF PEST INCIDENCE RECOMMENDATIONS

Negligible incidence of YSB, BPH,

29 to 33 Std. Week
th rd GM, LF Insecticide use may be minimized during this period.
(16th July to 19th Aug)

Low incidence of YSB moths & egg Monitor presence of YSB moths & egg masses. Use
34 to 36 Std. Week
th th masses Pheromone traps.
(20th Aug to9th Sept)

35th to 37th Std. week Moderate incidence of galls, low

(27th Aug. to 16th Sept) incidence of BPH adults & nymphs
Use recommended granular or spray formulations during
this period. Target P.I to booting stage to avoid white ears
37th to 40th Std. Week Moderate incidence of YSB egg masses later.
(10th Sept to 7th Oct) & larvae

38th to 42nd std. week (17th Moderate incidence of BPH, yellowing Use recommended insecticides for BPH on need basis twice
Sept to 21st Oct) and hopper burn, Low incidence of at 14 days interval.
leaf folder

41st to 45th Std. Week Severe incidence of white ears, Use recommended insecticides only once if > 3 LF damaged
(8th Oct – 11th Nov) Moderate incidence of leaf folder leaves/hill are observed.
damage
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETIES

SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

MONTH JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER
STD. WEEK 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46

Phenophases Seedling Tillering to Booting to Heading to

Seedling (Nursery) PI to Booting
(Transplanting) Active Tillering Heading Physiological maturity

BLAST High RH (93-99%), low night temp. (16-20˚C for 7 days), Intermittent drizzles, cloudy weather, Application of excess ‘N’ and collateral hosts
Leaf Blast Leaf & Neck Blast Neck Blast
Leaf Blast

Sheath High RH of canopy (90-95%), temp. (28-32°C), high RF, excess ‘N’ application, Water stagnation, closer planting and collateral hosts.
Blight
vorable weather and Disease Scenario

BLB Temperature (22-26°C), RH (above 70%). Continuous and heavy rainfall, cyclones, floods and strong winds. Application of excess ‘N’’

SHR & GD High RH (90%) and temperature (25-30°C), frequent RF, closer planting and application of high doses of ‘N’. Injuries and wounds at PI stage
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETIES
SEASON: KHARIF DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
Month JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
Std. weeks 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
Tmax (0C) 30.2 31.1 30.8 30.6 31.3 32.0 31.7 33.0 32.8 33.2 32.6 32.4 31.7 31.8 33.3 31.7 32.1 31.8
Tmin (0C) 23.7 24.0 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.6 23.4 23.0 22.3 21.3 20.0 19.0 18.5 21.9 19.0 18.6 17.8
Normal weather

Tmean (0C) 27.0 27.6 27.2 27.1 27.5 27.9 27.7 28.2 27.9 27.7 26.9 26.2 25.4 25.2 27.6 25.4 25.3 24.8
RF (mm) 63.0 38.0 75.6 50.5 41.8 39.7 37.0 22.7 30.6 15.0 29.9 8.6 6.4 6.5 11.5 6.4 0.9 3.9
RH1 (%) 80.8 79.8 81.9 81.9 80.9 80.9 81.4 80.3 80.5 79.9 79.2 77.1 77.4 77.1 79.2 77.4 76.9 77.2
RH2 (%) 71.4 68.7 71.1 72.5 70.5 70.6 71.7 65.8 67.1 62.1 61.1 57.8 56.0 57.3 62.2 56.0 53.0 51.7
EVP (mm) 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.9
SS (hr) 3.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 6.2 6.0 6.7 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.9 6.7
WS (Km/h) 8.0 6.9 5.8 6.3 6.0 5.2 5.0 3.0 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.7

 
Phenophases
Seedling stage Heading to Physiological
Seedling stage (Transplanting) to PI PI to Heading
(Nursery) maturity
Duration-Days (25 - 27) 40-42 25-27 28-30
Tmax (0C) 29.1 - 30.7 30.1 - 31.1 32.4 - 33.0 30.8 - 32.0
Tmin (0C) 23.4 - 24.4 23.5 - 24.0 21.2 - 23.4 17.2 - 20.4
Optimum weather

Tmean (0C) 26.3 - 27.5 27.0 - 27.4 26.9 - 28.0 24.0 - 26.2
RF (mm) 260 282 69 23
RH1 (%) 81.0 - 85.0 82.0 - 85.0 81.0 - 84.0 79.0 - 80.0
RH2 (%) 73.0 - 77.0 72.0 - 76.0 62.0 - 69.0 54.0 - 60.0
EVP (mm) 2.0 - 2.8 2.3 - 2.9 2.8 - 3.2 2.7 - 2.9
SS (hr) 2.0 - 3.6 3.6 - 5.7 6.0 - 7.4 6.6 - 8.2
WS (Km/h) 7.4 - 15.0 4.2 - 6.1 1.9 - 3.3 1.2 - 1.5
 GUIDE FOR USE OF RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETIES
SEASON: KHARIF
STANDARD WEEK
29-35th (16th Jul. – 02nd Sep.)
29-38th (16th Jul. – 23rd Sep.)
35-39th Std. Week (27th August– 30th
September)
36-38th (03rd Sep. – 23rd Sep.)
35-37th (27th Aug. – 16th Sep.)
38-40th (17th Sep.– 07th Oct.)
40-42nd Std. Week
(01st October – 21st October)
41-43rd (08th Oct. – 28th Oct.)
43-46th Std. Week (22nd October –
18th November)
44-46th (29th Oct. – 18th Nov.)
LEVEL OF DISEASE
Negligible level of LB & BLB,
Sheath Blight
Negligible – Sheath Rot & GD
Low level of Leaf Blast, sheath Rot
& GD
Low level of Sheath Blight
Low level of BLB
Moderate incidence of BLB,
sheath blight
Moderate incidence of LB and
NB
Moderate incidence of ShR and
GD and severe incidence of
sheath blight and BLB
Severe incidence of NB
Severe – SHR & GD
DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Monitor the incidence for kresek phase of BLB from nursery to seedling stage
(Sporadic)
 Fungicides usage may be minimized during this period.
 Monitor for initial lesions on leaves. Need based use of fungicides if 3-5
lesions/leaf observed. Split application of “N” fertilizer (3-4 splits).
 Periodically monitor the plants near to the bunds during PI to booting stage.
Avoid weeds on bunds of the field.
 Stop application of “N” fertilizer temporarily if >5% of infected plants/m2
observed. IInd FN of August is the crucial period for initiation of BLB in
Nizamabad.
 Prophylactic spray of bactericides to avoid the further spread of BLB.
 Use recommended fungicides to suppress the vertical development, if 2–3
infected plants /m2 (lesions 5-6 mm length/plant) observed.
 Most crucial period (PI to booting stage) for prophylactic spray of fungicides, if 2-
5 neck infected plants/m2 observed and spraying of fungicides is important for
control of NB at later stages of crop growth.
 Refrain from use of “N” fertilizers for temporarily and also apply 15 kg MOP per
acre at PI to booting stage.
 Use of recommended fungicides and compatible insecticides at booting to
heading is most crucial to reduce the GD at maturity stage.
 Alternate and spray the fungicides twice at 5–7 days interval. Don’t use the
fungicides at 7-10 days before harvesting and is not cost effective.
 Spraying of fungicides in this window is not advisable and cost intensive
 RICE INSECT PEST WEATHER CALENDAR FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETY

PHENOPHASE SEASON: RABI Seedling Seedling DISTRICT:

Tillering PanicleNIZAMABAD
Initiation Booting
(Nursery) (Transplanting) to to to
MONTH DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY
Active Tillering MARCH
Booting APRIL
Heading
STD. WEEK 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

YSB Incidence Scenario Op Optimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33OC, Larvae: 23-29OCtimum Temp. for hatching : 28-33 OC, Larvae: 3
Moths & Dead Egg masses & White ear Incidence
egg masses heart Larvae
s

BPH Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 25-30OC, RH: 70-90%, RF: >30mm for 3-4 weeks (Aug. and Sept.), Cum. Aug. RF: 200mm
Adults Nymph Hopper burns
s,
adults

GM Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp. 22-26OC, Max T: 31-34OC, Min T: 20-23OC, RH Max: 90-95% RH Min: 70%
Incidence of galls Incidence of galls

LF Incidence Scenario Optimum Temp: 25-30OC, Opt. Temp.

for egg:28.9OC, larvae:25.1OC
Adults & larvae Leaf folder
damage

YSB: YELLOW STEM BORER, BPH: BROWN PLANTHOPPER, GM: GALL MIDGE, LF: LEAF FOLDER
 GUIDE TO USE RICE PEST WEATHER CALENDAR
SEASON: RABI DURATION GROUP: SHORT DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

STANDARD WEEK LEVEL OF PEST INCIDENCE RECOMMENDATIONS

49th to 52nd Std. Week Negligible incidence of YSB, BPH, LF Insecticide use may be minimized during this period.
(3rd Dec to 31st Dec) Low incidence of gall midge
1st to 3rd Std. Week
(1st to 21st Jan)
3rd to 6th Std. Week Low incidence of YSB moths & egg Monitor presence of YSB moths & egg masses. Use Pheromone
(15th Jan to 11th Feb) masses, dead hearts traps.
Moderate incidence of galls Use granular insecticides against gall midge during this period.
7th to 10th Std. week Moderate incidence of YSB egg masses Use recommended granular or spray formulations during this
(12th Feb. to 11th Mar) & Larvae period against YSB targeting P.I to booting stage to avoid
white ears later.
10th to 11th Std. week Low BPH adults Monitor for presence of BPH.
(5th to 18th March)
10th to 13th Std. week Low LF adults & larvae Monitor for presence of leaf folder.
(5th to 1st April)
11th to 14th Std. week Moderate white ear incidence Use of insecticides during this period against YSB not much
(12th March to 8th April) effective.
12th to 13th Std.Week Severe nymphs & adults Use recommended insecticides for BPH on need basis only once
(19th Mar to 1st April) in season.
14th to 15th Std. Week Severe incidence of white ears, Use recommended insecticides only once if > 3 LF damaged
(2nd April– 15th April) Moderate incidence of leaf folder leaves/hill are observed.
damage
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETY
SEASON: RABI DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

MONTH DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL

STD. WEEK 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PHENOPHASE Seedling Tillering to Booting to Heading to

Seedling (Nursery) PI to Booting
(Transplanting) Active Tillering Heading Physiological maturity

BLAST High RH (93-99%), low night temp. (16-20˚C for 7 days), Intermittent drizzles, cloudy weather, Application of excess ‘N’ and collateral hosts
Leaf Blast Leaf Blast Neck Blast

SHEATH High RH of canopy (90-95%), temp. (28-32°C), high RF, excess ‘N’ application, Water stagnation, closer planting and collateral hosts.
BLIGHT
vorable weather and Disease Scenario

STEM ROT Temperature (22-26°C), RH (above 70%). Continuous and heavy rainfall, cyclones, floods and strong winds. Application of excess ‘N’’

SHR & GD High RH (90%) and temperature (25-30°C), frequent RF, closer planting and application of high doses of ‘N’. Injuries and wounds at PI stage
 RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER
SEASON: RABI SHORT DURATION DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD
MONTH DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL
STD. WEEK 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
T Max. (0C) 31.0 30.9 30.5 30.6 30.5 30.6 31.6 31.8 32.4 33.1 33.9 35.3 36.1 36.2 36.8 36.9 37.4 38.0 38.2 40.5
Normal weather

T Min. (0C) 15.4 14.8 14.2 14.4 15.4 15.2 16.0 16.3 17.1 17.9 18.6 19.3 19.9 20.9 22.0 21.9 22.5 23.6 24.3 25.9
T Mean (0C) 23.2 22.8 22.4 22.5 23.0 22.9 23.8 24.0 24.7 25.5 26.2 27.3 28.0 28.5 29.4 29.4 29.9 30.8 31.2 33.2
Rain (mm) 0.9 0.0 0.8 0.2 3.4 4.2 3.9 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.2 3.5 7.0 1.2 1.7 2.8 3.1 6.0 5.2
RH Max. (%) 75.9 76.2 76.8 75.9 76.3 75.7 74.2 71.8 71.4 68.2 65.7 62.0 59.5 57.5 56.3 47.4 48.0 47.1 45.5 44.2
RH Min. (%) 46.4 46.4 43.7 43.0 43.3 41.2 40.3 38.0 36.9 34.9 33.3 31.0 28.9 30.5 29.5 25.6 24.8 25.6 25.5 26.1
Evap (mm) 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.6 6.0 6.2 6.7 7.0
SShr (hrs) 6.9 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.5 6.9 7.0 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.8 8.2 7.7 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.7 8.1 7.5 7.8
WS (Km/hr) 1.5 1.5 1.4 6.2 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.8 3.1 2.7 2.6 3.0 3.1 2.5 3.2 3.3 2.9 3.1
 

PHENOPHASE
Heading to
Seedling (Nursery) Seedling (Transplanting) to PI PI to Heading
Physiological maturity 
Duration-Days (30 - 35) 46 -48 25-26 26-27
T Max. (0C) 29.8 - 32.0 31.2 - 35.6 31.5 - 37.1 32.1 - 41.8
Optimum weather

T Min. (0C) 12.8 - 16.4 16.5 - 20.2 19.1 - 23.5 19.9 - 26.8
T Mean (0C) 21.5 - 24.2 23.8 - 27.9 25.3 - 30.3 26.2 - 34.3
Rain (mm) 3.4 14.1 21.I 3.1
RH Max. (%) 74 - 78 65 - 73 41 - 66 34 - 44
RH Min. (%) 42 - 50 36 - 44 22 - 35 20 - 24
Evap (mm) 2.5 - 2.9 2.9 - 4.4 4.0 - 5.6 6.3 - 7.5
SShr (hrs) 6.5 - 8.2 6.4 - 7.9 7.1 - 7.7 6.6 - 8.3
WS (Km/hr) 1.2 - 3.4 1.3 - 4.0 2.0 - 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

Irrigation 170 -190 mm in 4- 5 irrigations 270 -290 mm in7 irrigations need to be applied 190-210 mm in 5 irrigations 220-240 mm in 5 -6 irrigations
(water in mm) need to be applied need to be applied need to be applied
 GUIDE FOR USE OF RICE DISEASE WEATHER CALENDER FOR SHORT DURATION VARIETIES

SEASON:RABI DISTRICT: NIZAMABAD

STANDARD WEEK LEVEL OF DISEASE RECOMMENDATIONS

49-50th (03rd – 16th Dec.) Negligible level of Leaf Blast  Seed treatment at time of sowing is a pre-requisite during rabi season.

49-03rd (03rd Dec. – 21st Jan.) Negligible - Sheath Blight, Stem  Fungicides usage
rot
 Periodically monitor the plants near to the bunds during PI to Booting.
49-06th (03rd Dec. – 11th Feb.) Negligible – Sheath Rot & GD  Avoid weeds on bunds of the field may be minimized during this period.

51-52nd & 1st (17 Dec – 07 Jan) Severe incidence of LB  Monitor the initial blast lesions. Need based use of fungicides twice at 5-7 days, if
3-5 lesions/leaf observed and flood the nursery frequently.

02-08th Std. Week Moderate level of Leaf Blast  Most crucial period for prophylactic spray of fungicides.
(08th January – 25th February):  Temporarily refrain from use of “N” fertilizers and also apply 15 kg MOP per acre
at PI to booting stage.

07-09th Std. Week (12th February – Moderate incidence of Sheath  Use recommended fungicides to suppress the vertical development, if 2–3
04th March): Blight, Low level of Sheath Rot infected plants /m2 (lesions 5-6 mm length/plant) observed.
& GD  Most important period for spraying of fungicides.

04-07th (22nd Jan. – 18th Feb.) & Moderate incidence of Stem Rot  Prophylactic spray of fungicides is crucial for later stages.
13-16th (26th Mar. – 22nd Apr.)  Spraying of fungicides at heading to maturity stage in not advisable.

10-16th (05th Mar. – 22nd Apr.): Moderate incidence of Sheath Rot  Use of recommended fungicides and compatible insecticides at booting to
and Grain Discolouration heading is most crucial to reduce GD at maturity stage.

08-12th (19th Feb. – 25th Mar.) Severe incidence of Stem Rot  Repeat fungicide spray twice at 5-7 days interval. The fungicide should reach to
lower portion of the tillers just above the water level.

09-16th (26th Feb. – 22nd April): Severe incidence of NB  Alternate the fungicides twice at 5–7 days interval
 Don’t use the fungicides at 7-10 days before harvesting and is not cost effective.

10-13th (05th Mar. – 01st Apr.): Severe – Sheath Blight  Repeat the combination fungicides if the incidence is severe.
 RICE INSECT PEST / DISEASE WEATHER CALENDAR
FOR TELANGANA STATE

Team Involved

Dr. G. Sreenivas and Dr. B. Balaji Naik, ACRC, ARI, Rajendranagar

Dr. N. Rama Gopala Varma & Dr. T. Kiran Babu, RRC, Rajendranagar
Dr. S. Malathi, RARS, Warangal
Dr. N. Balram, RARS, Jagtial
Dr. S. J. Rahman, Principal Scientist & Univ.Head (Entomology)
Dr. G. Umadevi, Professor & Univ. Head (Pl. Pathology)